Sohrevard ( fa, سهرورد, also
Romanize
Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, an ...
d as Sohravard) is a city in the
Central District of
Khodabandeh County
Khodabandeh County ( fa, شهرستان خدابنده) is in Zanjan province, Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turk ...
,
Zanjan Province,
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
. At the 2006 census, its population was 5,786, in 1,356 families.
Sohrevard was the birthplace of the twelfth century Iranian philosopher,
Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi
"Shihāb ad-Dīn" Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardī ( fa, شهابالدین سهروردی, also known as Sohrevardi) (1154–1191) was a PersianEdward Craig, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "al-Suhrawardi, Shihab al-Din Yahya (1154-91)" Ro ...
,
[M. Kamal, ''Mulla Sadra's Transcendent Philosophy'', p.12, Ashgate Publishing Inc., 136 pp., 2006, (see p.12)] the Persian Sufi
Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi
Abū al-Najīb Abd al-Qādir Suhrawardī ( fa, ابوالنجیب عبدالقادر سهروردی) (1097–1168) was a Sunni PersianQamar al-Huda, ''Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi'', ed. Josef W. Meri, Jere L. Bacharach, Medieval Islamic Civilization: ...
and his nephew
Shahab al-Din Abu Hafs Umar Suhrawardi
Shahab al-Din Abu Hafs Umar Suhrawardi (c. 1145 – 1234) was a Persian Sufi and nephew of Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi.
He expanded the Sufi order of Suhrawardiyya that had been created by his uncle Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi, and is the person respons ...
(a direct descendant of Islamic Khalifa Abū Bakr as-Ṣiddīq).
Name
According to
Theodor Nöldeke
Theodor Nöldeke (; born 2 March 1836 – 25 December 1930) was a German orientalist and scholar. His research interests ranged over Old Testament studies, Semitic languages and Arabic, Persian and Syriac literature. Nöldeke translated several ...
, and later followed by
Josef Marquart, the name Sohrevard was originally derived from the personal name
Sohrab
use both this parameter and , birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) -->
, death_place = Turan
, death_cause = Killed in combat by his father, Rostam, with neither Rostam nor Sohrab a ...
, so that the city's original name would have been something like ''Suxrāp-kart'' or ''Suhrāv-gerd''.
Nöldeke specifically thought the Sohrab in question was a certain governor of
al-Hirah attested with this name, but there were many other known people named Sohrab and in reality the city could have been named after any one of them.
History
Medieval Muslim geographers described Sohrevard as a town in the province of
Jibal
Jibāl ( ar, جبال), also al-Jabal ( ar, الجبل), was the name given by the Arabs to a region and province located in western Iran, under the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates.
Its name means "the Mountains", being the plural of ''jabal'' (" ...
, located south of
Soltaniyeh
Soltaniyeh ( fa, سلطانيه, also Romanized as Solţānīyeh, Solţāneyyeh, Sultaniye, and Sultānīyeh; also known as Sa‘īdīyeh; ) is the capital city of Soltaniyeh District of Soltaniyeh County, Zanjan Province, northwestern Iran.
...
on the road from
Hamadan
Hamadan () or Hamedan ( fa, همدان, ''Hamedān'') (Old Persian: Haŋgmetana, Ecbatana) is the capital city of Hamadan Province of Iran. At the 2019 census, its population was 783,300 in 230,775 families. The majority of people living in Ham ...
to
Zanjan.
According to
al-Istakhri, this route was the shortest route to get from Jibal to
Adharbayjan and was the one usually used in peacetime; in times of political conflict, travellers took the longer route via
Qazvin
Qazvin (; fa, قزوین, , also Romanization, Romanized as ''Qazvīn'', ''Qazwin'', ''Kazvin'', ''Kasvin'', ''Caspin'', ''Casbin'', ''Casbeen'', or ''Ghazvin'') is the largest city and capital of the Qazvin Province, Province of Qazvin in Iran. ...
instead.
Ibn Hawqal
Muḥammad Abū’l-Qāsim Ibn Ḥawqal (), also known as Abū al-Qāsim b. ʻAlī Ibn Ḥawqal al-Naṣībī, born in Nisibis, Upper Mesopotamia; was a 10th-century Arab Muslim writer, geographer, and chronicler who travelled during the ye ...
wrote the exact opposite about the two routes.
Since Sohrevard had a cold highland climate, it did not produce much agriculturally except for grain and some smaller fruits.
In the 10th century, when Ibn Hawqal wrote, Sohrevard was a Kurdish town inhabited by
Kharijites, who later mostly emigrated from the city.
The walled city of Sohrevard was later destroyed by the
Mongols
The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal membe ...
.
In the 14th century,
Hamdallah Mustawfi
Hamdallah Mustawfi Qazvini ( fa, حمدالله مستوفى قزوینی, Ḥamdallāh Mustawfī Qazvīnī; 1281 – after 1339/40) was a Persian official, historian, geographer and poet. He lived during the last era of the Mongol Ilkhanate, and ...
described Sohrevard as merely a small village, with many Mongol villages also in the area.
References
Populated places in Khodabandeh County
Cities in Zanjan Province
{{Khodabandeh-geo-stub