The Skagerrak-Centered Large Igneous Province (SCLIP), also known as the European-Northwest African Large Igneous Province (EUNWA), and Jutland LIP, is a (Ma)
large igneous province (LIP) centered on what is today the
Skagerrak strait in north-western Europe (, paleocoordinates
(south of
Lake Chad
Lake Chad (french: Lac Tchad) is a historically large, shallow, endorheic lake in Central Africa, which has varied in size over the centuries. According to the ''Global Resource Information Database'' of the United Nations Environment Programme, ...
)). It was named by .
The SCLIP covered an area of at least and includes the Oslo and Skagerrak
graben
In geology, a graben () is a depressed block of the crust of a planet or moon, bordered by parallel normal faults.
Etymology
''Graben'' is a loan word from German, meaning 'ditch' or 'trench'. The word was first used in the geologic contex ...
s, areas in south-western Sweden, Scotland, northern England, and the central North Sea. The SCLIP erupted at 297±4 Ma.
It produced 228,000 km
2 of currently exposed volcanic material that can be found in Skagerrak, the Oslo Fjord, central North Sea, North-east Germany; 14,000 km
2 of
sills in Scotland, England, Germany, The Netherlands, and Sweden; and 3,353 km total length of
dykes in Scotland, Norway, and Sweden.
The period of eruptions comprised a relatively short time span, perhaps less than 4 Ma, but magma propagated more than from the plume centre.
Plumes derived from a
superplume (or Large Low Shear Velocity Province (LLSVP)) overlay the boundary of the superplume at the
core-mantle boundary (CMB). To test whether the SCLIP met these criteria, Torsvik et al. used a shear-wave
tomographic model of the mantle, in which the SCLIP indeed do project down to the margin of the African superplume at the CMB at a depth of 2800 km.
A series of LIPs are associated with the African superplume, of which the SCLIP is the oldest: SCLIP (300 Ma),
Bachu
Maralbexi County (Maralbeshi, Maralbishi, transliterated from ; ), Bachu County (), and ) the former long Chinese name as well, is located in the southwest of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China and is under ...
(275 Ma),
Emeishan (260 Ma),
Siberian
Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive region, geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a ...
(250 Ma), and
Central Atlantic (200 Ma). Its possible that these plumes together caused the break-up of
Pangaea and therefore play an important role in the
supercontinent cycle.
The SCLIP is associated with the
Moscovian
Moscovian may refer to:
*An inhabitant of Moscow, the capital of Russia
*Something of, from, or related to Moscow
*Moscovian (Carboniferous)
The Moscovian is in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS geologic timescale a stage (strati ...
and
Kasimovian
The Kasimovian is a geochronology, geochronologic age (geology), age or chronostratigraphy, chronostratigraphic stage (stratigraphy), stage in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS geologic timescale. It is the third stage in the Penn ...
stages of the
Carboniferous rainforest collapse around 296-310 Ma together with the Siberian
Barguzin-Vitim LIP.
See also
*
Avalonia
Avalonia was a microcontinent in the Paleozoic era. Crustal fragments of this former microcontinent underlie south-west Great Britain, southern Ireland, and the eastern coast of North America. It is the source of many of the older rocks of Wester ...
*
List of flood basalt provinces
Representative continental flood basalts (also known as traps) and oceanic plateaus, together forming a listing of large igneous province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including intrusive ...
**
Central Atlantic magmatic province, Late Triassic to Early Jurassic igneous province in the area
**
Central Skåne Volcanic Province
The Central Skåne Volcanic Province was a site of volcanic activity in the Scania region of Sweden during the Mesozoic Era of the Earth's geological history. The volcanism began with a first and main phase in late Sinemurian to Toarcian times aro ...
, Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous igneous province in southern Sweden
References
Bibliography
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{{Large igneous provinces
Large igneous provinces
Carboniferous volcanism
Permian volcanism
Geology of Denmark
Geology of England
Geology of the Netherlands
Geology of Norway
Geology of Scotland
Geology of Sweden
Geology of the North Sea
Paleozoic Denmark
Paleozoic England
Paleozoic Netherlands
Paleozoic Norway
Paleozoic Scotland
Paleozoic Sweden
Gzhelian
Asselian