Silicon (₁₄Si) has 23 known isotopes, with mass numbers ranging from 22 to 44. ²⁸Si (the most abundant isotope, at 92.23%), ²⁹Si (4.67%), and ³⁰Si (3.1%) are stable. The longest-lived radioisotope is ³²Si, which is produced by cosmic ray spallation of argon. Its half-life has been determined to be approximately 150 years (with decay energy 0.21 MeV), and it decays by beta decay, beta emission to ³²phosphorus, P (which has a 14.28-day half-life) and then to ³²sulfur, S. After ³²Si, ³¹Si has the second longest half-life at 157.3 minutes. All others have half-lives under 7 seconds. Isotopes_of_Silicon

List of isotopes

, - , rowspan=2, ²²Si , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 14 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 8 , rowspan=2, 22.03579(54)# , rowspan=2, 29(2) ms , Beta decay, β⁺ (67.6%) , ²²Al , rowspan=2, 0+ , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺, proton emission, p (32.4%) , ²¹Mg , - , rowspan=2, ²³Si , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 14 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 9 , rowspan=2, 23.02544(54)# , rowspan=2, 42.3(4) ms , β⁺, p (88%) , ²²Mg , rowspan=2, 3/2+# , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺ (12%) , ²³Al , - , rowspan=2, ²⁴Si , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 14 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 10 , rowspan=2, 24.011535(21) , rowspan=2, 140(8) ms , β⁺ (62.4%) , ²⁴Al , rowspan=2, 0+ , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺, p (37.6%) , ²³Mg , - , rowspan=2, ²⁵Si , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 14 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 11 , rowspan=2, 25.004109(11) , rowspan=2, 220(3) ms , β⁺ (64.8%) , ²⁵Al , rowspan=2, 5/2+ , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺, p (35.2%) , ²⁴Mg , - , ²⁶Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 12 , 25.9923338(12) , 2.2453(7) s , β⁺ , ²⁶Al , 0+ , , , - , ²⁷Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 13 , 26.98670469(12) , 4.15(4) s , β⁺ , ²⁷Al , 5/2+ , , , - , ²⁸Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 14 , 27.9769265350(5) , colspan=3 align=center, Stable , 0+ , 0.92223(19) , 0.92205–0.92241 , - , ²⁹Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 15 , 28.9764946653(6) , colspan=3 align=center, Stable , 1/2+ , 0.04685(8) , 0.04678–0.04692 , - , ³⁰Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 16 , 29.973770137(23) , colspan=3 align=center, Stable , 0+ , 0.03092(11) , 0.03082–0.03102 , - , ³¹Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 17 , 30.97536319(5) , 157.36(26) min , β⁻ , ³¹P , 3/2+ , , , - , ³²Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 18 , 31.9741515(3) , 153(19) y , β⁻ , ³²P , 0+ , trace radioisotope, trace , cosmogenic , - , ³³Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 19 , 32.9779770(8) , 6.18(18) s , β⁻ , ³³P , (3/2+) , , , - , ³⁴Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 20 , 33.978575(15) , 2.77(20) s , β⁻ , ³⁴P , 0+ , , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^34mSi , colspan=3 style="text-indent:2em" , 4256.1(4) keV , <210 ns , IT , ³⁴Si , (3−) , , , - , ³⁵Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 21 , 34.98455(4) , 780(120) ms , β⁻ (94.74%) , ³⁵P , 7/2−# , , , - , rowspan=2, ³⁶Si , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 14 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 22 , rowspan=2, 35.98665(8) , rowspan=2, 450(60) ms , β⁻ (87.5%) , ³⁶P , rowspan=2, 0+ , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, neutron emission, n (12.5%) , ³⁵P , - , rowspan=2, ³⁷Si , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 14 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 23 , rowspan=2, 36.99295(12) , rowspan=2, 90(60) ms , β⁻ (83%) , ³⁷P , rowspan=2, (7/2−)# , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (17%) , ³⁶P , - , rowspan=2, ³⁸Si , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 14 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 24 , rowspan=2, 37.99552(11) , rowspan=2, 90# ms [>1 μs] , β⁻, n , ³⁷P , rowspan=2, 0+ , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻ , ³⁸P , - , ³⁹Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 25 , 39.00249(15) , 47.5(20) ms , β⁻ , ³⁹P , 7/2−# , , , - , ⁴⁰Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 26 , 40.00583(37) , 33.0(10) ms , β⁻ , ⁴⁰P , 0+ , , , - , ⁴¹Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 27 , 41.01301(60) , 20.0(25) ms , β⁻ , ⁴¹P , 7/2−# , , , - , ⁴²Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 28 , 42.01768(54)# , 12.5(35) ms , β⁻ , ⁴²P , 0+ , , , - , ⁴³Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 29 , 43.02480(64)# , 15# ms [>260 ns] , , , 3/2−# , , , - , ⁴⁴Si , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 30 , 44.03147(54)# , 4# ms [>360 ns] , , , 0+ , , , - , ⁴⁵Si?The existence of this isotope has not been confirmed experimentally; given data is inferred or estimated from periodic trends. , style="text-align:right" , 14 , style="text-align:right" , 31 , 45.03982(64)# , 4# ms , , , 3/2−# , ,

References

External links

Silicon isotopes data from ''The Berkeley Laboratory Isotopes Project's''
{{Navbox element isotopes Isotopes of silicon, Silicon Lists of isotopes by element, Silicon