Si'um, also Siium, or Sium (, ''si-u-um'', ''

fl. ''Floruit'' (; abbreviated fl. or occasionally flor.; from Latin for "they flourished") denotes a date or period during which a person was known to have been alive or active. In English, the unabbreviated word may also be used as a noun indicatin ...

'' late 3rd millennium BCE) was the 18th Gutian ruler of the

Gutian Dynasty The Gutian dynasty, also Kuti or Kutians ( Sumerian: , gu-ti-umKI) was a dynasty, originating among the Gutian people, that came to power in Mesopotamia ''c.'' 2199—2119 BC ( middle), or possibly ''c.'' 2135—2055 BC ( short), after displacin ...

Sumer Sumer () is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC. It is one of the cradles of ...

mentioned on the "''

Sumerian King List The ''Sumerian King List'' (abbreviated ''SKL'') or ''Chronicle of the One Monarchy'' is an ancient literary composition written in Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and king ...

''" (''SKL''). According to the ''SKL'': Si'um was the successor of

Yarlaganda Yarlaganda (''fl.'' late 3rd millennium BCE) was the 17th Gutian ruler of the Gutian Dynasty of Sumer mentioned on the "''Sumerian King List''" (''SKL'').The Sumerian King List, The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford Universit/ ...

. Sium was the last king of the Gutians before

Tirigan Tirigan ('' fl.'' late 3rd millennium BCE, , ''ti-ri₂-ga-a-an'') was the 19th and last Gutian ruler in Sumer mentioned on the "'' Sumerian King List''" (''SKL''). According to the ''SKL'': Tirigan was the successor of Si'um. Tirigan ruled for ...

(likewise according to the ''SKL'')."However, the last three Royal names of the Guti dynasty are again not Semitic. The last two among them are Sium and Tirikkan (Jacobsen, 1939)." in A tablet is known, dated to c. 2130 BCE, mentioning the allegiance of

Lugalanatum Lugalannatum (, ''lu-gal-an-na-tum'') was a ruler (" patesi") of the city-state of Umma, circa 2130 BCE. Lugalannatum is known from a deposit tablet, now in the Louvre Museum, in which he mentions the rule of Si'um, king of the Gutians. The tabl ...

prince of

Umma Umma ( sux, ; in modern Dhi Qar Province in Iraq, formerly also called Gishban) was an ancient city in Sumer. There is some scholarly debate about the Sumerian and Akkadian names for this site. Traditionally, Umma was identified with Tell J ...

to Sium, King of the Gutians."From a text recently found at Jokha we also know that

Lugal Lugal ( Sumerian: ) is the Sumerian term for "king, ruler". Literally, the term means "big man." In Sumerian, ''lu'' "𒇽" is "man" and ''gal'' " 𒃲" is "great," or "big." It was one of several Sumerian titles that a ruler of a city-state coul ...

-annatum, patesi of Umma, Lugalanatum patesi of Umma, owed allegiance to Sium, King of Guti" File:Si-u-um (name).jpg, Name "Si-u-um" on the tablet, and corresponding standard Sumero-Akkadian

cuneiform Cuneiform is a logo- syllabic script that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Middle East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge- ...

File:Gutium_(name).jpg, Mention of the

Gutian dynasty of Sumer The Gutian dynasty, also Kuti or Kutians ( Sumerian: , gu-ti-umKI) was a dynasty, originating among the Gutian people, that came to power in Mesopotamia ''c.'' 2199—2119 BC ( middle), or possibly ''c.'' 2135—2055 BC ( short), after displacin ...

in the tablet (last column: , gu-ti-um^KI)

References

22nd-century BC Sumerian kings Gutian dynasty of Sumer {{AncientNearEast-bio-stub

See also

References