The Shiraz Festival of Arts ( Persian: جشنواره هنر شیراز) was an annual international summer

arts festival An arts festival is a festival that can encompass a wide range of art forms including music, dance, film, fine art, literature, poetry and isn't solely focused on visual arts. Arts festivals may feature a mixed program that include music, lit ...

, held in

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

bringing about the encounter between the East and the West. It was held from 1967 to 1977 in the city of

Shiraz Shiraz (; fa, شیراز, Širâz ) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province, which has been historically known as Pars () and Persis. As of the 2016 national census, the population of the city was 1,565,572 p ...

and

Persepolis , native_name_lang = , alternate_name = , image = Gate of All Nations, Persepolis.jpg , image_size = , alt = , caption = Ruins of the Gate of All Nations, Persepolis. , map = , map_type ...

in central Iran by the initiative of Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi.

History

Accompanied by symposia and debates, the festival program included music, dance, drama and film, performed in a variety of locations in Shiraz and surrounding areas. The venues included the ruins of

(ceremonial capital of ancient Persia), Naqsh-e Rostam, Hafezieh, Bagh-e Delgosha, Narenjestan, Bazaar-e Vakil, Jahan-Nama Garden, Saray-e Moshir and a concert hall on the Shiraz University campus. BriefmarkeSchirazKunstfestival

Some of those who appeared at the festival are: In theatre,

Jerzy Grotowski Jerzy Marian Grotowski (; 11 August 1933 – 14 January 1999) was a Polish theatre director and theorist whose innovative approaches to acting, training and theatrical production have significantly influenced theatre today. He was born in Rze ...

Peter Brook Peter Stephen Paul Brook (21 March 1925 – 2 July 2022) was an English theatre and film director. He worked first in England, from 1945 at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, from 1947 at the Royal Opera House, and from 1962 for the Royal Sha ...

, Tadeusz Kantor, Arby Ovanessian,

Bijan Mofid Bijan Mofid ( fa, بیژن مفید; May 31, 1935 – November 12, 1984)Peter Schumann Peter Schumann (born 11 June 1934) is the co-founder and director of the Bread & Puppet Theater. Born in Silesia, he was a sculptor and dancer in Germany before moving to the United States in 1961. In 1963 he founded Bread & Puppet in New Y ...

Parviz Sayyad Parviz Sayyad ( fa, پرویز صیاد, Parviz Sayyād; born 22 March 1939) is an Iranian-born American celebrated actor, director, translator, and screenwriter of Iranian cinema. He was one of the earliest television stars in Iran. Early life ...

Andrei Șerban Andrei Șerban (born June 21, 1943) is a Romanian- American theater director. A major name in twentieth-century theater, he is renowned for his innovative and iconoclastic interpretations and stagings. In 1992 he became Professor of Theater at th ...

, Robert Wilson,

Shūji Terayama was a Japanese avant-garde poet, dramatist, writer, film director, and photographer. His works range from radio drama, experimental television, underground (''Angura'') theatre, countercultural essays, to Japanese New Wave and "expanded" cinema ...

, Andre Gregory,

Ali Nassirian Ali Nassirian ( fa, علی نصیریان; born 4 February 1935) is an Iranian actor and director. He has received various accolades, including a Crystal Simorgh and a Hafez Award. Film career He first appeared in a supporting role in Dar ...

, Víctor Garcia, Joseph Chaikin, and Esma'il Khalaj. In this field, traditional plays such as

ta'zieh Ta'zieh ( ar, تعزية; fa, تعزیه; ur, ) means comfort, condolence, or expression of grief. It comes from roots ''aza'' (عزو and عزى) which means mourning. Depending on the region, time, occasion, religion, etc. the word can sig ...

(passion plays) from Iran,

Kathakali Kathakali ( ml, കഥകളി) is a major form of classical Indian dance. It is a "story play" genre of art, but one distinguished by the elaborately colourful make-up and costumes of the traditional male actor-dancers. It is native to the M ...

from India, and Noh from Japan, as well as R. Serumaga with the

National Theatre of Uganda The Uganda National Cultural Centre (UNCC) is a Ugandan statutory body that was established by the Uganda National Cultural Centre Act, a 1959 Act of Parliament (amended 1965). Location The headquarters of UNCC are located at the corner of Said ...

, Duro Lapido & the National Theatre of Nigeria, and

Pabuji Ki Phad Pabuji Ki Phad is a religious scroll painting of folk deities, which is used for a musical rendition of the only surviving ancient traditional folk art form, Phad painting in the world of the epic of Pabuji, the Rathore Rajput chief. Bhopas of P ...

from India were presented, amongst many others . Shirazfestival10

In music, Iran's traditional musicians were presented, amongst them

Hassan Kassai Hassan Kassai ( fa, حسن کسائی‎; 25 September 1928 – 14 June 2012) was a musician and player of Persian classical music. He played the ney, the traditional reed flute of Persia/Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic ...

, Jalil Shahnaz, Ahmad Ebadi, Faramarz Payvar, Ali-Asqar Bahari,

Hossein Tehrani Hossein Tehrāni (1912 – February 26, 1974) ( fa, حسین تهرانی) was an Iranian musician and tonbak player. He is regarded as an innovator, expanding the modern tonbak into an instrument that can be played solo, in addition to its ea ...

, Hossein Qavami and Abdolvahab Shahidi. The young masters included Hossein Alizadeh, Dariush Talai, Mohammad-Reza Lotfi,

Majid Kiani Majid Kiani is a Master of the Persian Santur. He was the best student of Manoochehr Sadeghi, among others. He teaches traditional Iranian music and his masterpiece is the book named: "Seven Dastgah(s) of Iranian Music". He is a leading figure in ...

Mohammad-Reza Shajarian Mohammad-Reza Shajarian ( fa, محمدرضا شجريان; , 23 September 1940 – 8 October 2020) was an Iranian singer and master (''Ostad'') of Persian traditional music. He was also known for his skills in Persian calligraphy and humanitaria ...

Parisa Fātemeh Vā'ezi ( fa, فاطمه واعظی, born March 16, 1950 in Tonekabon, Iran), better known as Parisā ( fa, پریسا), is a Persian classical singer, Avaz master, and one of the foremost female vocalists from Iran. Early life and ...

and Noureddin Razavi-Sarvestani. Indian classical musicians who appeared were Vilayat Khan, Bismillah Khan, Sharan Rani, Pran Nath, S. Balachander,

Ravi Shankar Ravi Shankar (; born Robindro Shaunkor Chowdhury, sometimes spelled as Rabindra Shankar Chowdhury; 7 April 1920 – 11 December 2012) was an Indian sitarist and composer. A sitar virtuoso, he became the world's best-known export of North In ...

Ram Narayan Ram Narayan (; born 25 December 1927), often referred to with the title Pandit, is an Indian musician who popularised the bowed instrument ''sarangi'' as a solo concert instrument in Hindustani classical music and became the first internation ...

, Chaurasia and Dagar. Traditional non-Western music, some including dance, were presented from Afghanistan, Algeria, Bhutan, China, Egypt, Indonesia, Iraq, Japan, S, Korea, Morocco, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Rwanda, Senegal, Tunisia, Turkey, Vietnam. In the field of Western music

Yehudi Menuhin Yehudi or Jehudi (Hebrew: יהודי, endonym for Jew) is a common Hebrew name: * Yehudi Menuhin (1916–1999), violinist and conductor ** Yehudi Menuhin School, a music school in Surrey, England ** Who's Yehoodi?, a catchphrase referring to t ...

Christian Ferras Christian Ferras (17 June 1933 – 14 September 1982) was a French violinist. Early years Ferras was born at Le Touquet in 1933. He began studying the violin with his father. He entered the Conservatoire de Nice as a student of Charles Bistesi i ...

Martha Argerich Martha Argerich (; Eastern Catalan: �ɾʒəˈɾik born 5 June 1941) is an Argentine classical concert pianist. She is widely considered to be one of the greatest pianists of all time. Early life and education Argerich was born in Buenos A ...

Arthur Rubinstein Arthur Rubinstein ( pl, Artur Rubinstein; 28 January 188720 December 1982) was a Polish-American pianist.

and

Yvonne Loriod Yvonne Louise Georgette Loriod-Messiaen (; 20 January 1924 – 17 May 2010) was a French pianist, teacher, and composer, and the second wife of composer Olivier Messiaen. Her sister was the Ondes Martenot player Jeanne Loriod. Biography Loriod ...

appeared in concert or recital . The National Iranian Radio & Television Chamber Orchestra was a regular. Other participants in this field from Iran were Morteza Hannaneh, and the Tehran Symphony Orchestra. From the West, Gilbert Amy led the Orchestre du Domaine Musical,

Bruno Maderna Bruno Maderna (21 April 1920 – 13 November 1973) was an Italian conductor and composer. Life Maderna was born Bruno Grossato in Venice but later decided to take the name of his mother, Caterina Carolina Maderna.Interview with Maderna‘s th ...

conducted the ORTF Orchestra as well as the Hague Residence Orchestra,

Iannis Xenakis Giannis Klearchou Xenakis (also spelled for professional purposes as Yannis or Iannis Xenakis; el, Γιάννης "Ιωάννης" Κλέαρχου Ξενάκης, ; 29 May 1922 – 4 February 2001) was a Romanian-born Greek-French avant-garde c ...

created "Persephassa" and "Persepolis",

created "Ausstrahlung" based on Persian texts

Karlheinz Stockhausen Karlheinz Stockhausen (; 22 August 1928 – 5 December 2007) was a German composer, widely acknowledged by critics as one of the most important but also controversial composers of the 20th and early 21st centuries. He is known for his groundb ...

was prominently featured one year,

Krzysztof Penderecki Krzysztof Eugeniusz Penderecki (; 23 November 1933 – 29 March 2020) was a Polish composer and conductor. His best known works include ''Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima'', Symphony No. 3, his '' St Luke Passion'', '' Polish Requiem'', ' ...

led the Polish National Radio Symphony, Cathy Berberian, the

London Sinfonietta The London Sinfonietta is an English contemporary chamber orchestra founded in 1968 and based in London. The ensemble has headquarters at Kings Place and is Resident Orchestra at the Southbank Centre. Since its inaugural concert in 1968—giv ...

, the Melos Ensemble, Morton Feldman & the Creative Associates appeared as well as

John Cage John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer and music theorist. A pioneer of indeterminacy in music, electroacoustic music, and non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading f ...

, the Juilliard String Quartet, the American Brass Quintet,

Max Roach Maxwell Lemuel Roach (January 10, 1924 – August 16, 2007) was an American jazz drummer and composer. A pioneer of bebop, he worked in many other styles of music, and is generally considered one of the most important drummers in history. He work ...

Quintet performing together with Abbey Lincoln and the Staple Singers, amongst others. Dernière affiche du festival des arts de Shiraz-Persépolis (musée d'art moderne, Paris) (14553342799)

Dernière affiche du festival des arts de Shiraz-Persépolis (musée d'art moderne, Paris) (14553342799)

The twelfth festival was cancelled at the onset of the

Islamic Revolution The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dyna ...

in 1978 out of concern for the safety of the performers.*

Gallery

Image:Shahr gheseh.jpg, ''Shahre Gheseh'' by Bijan Mofid, 1968 Image:Mah v palang.jpg, ''Moon and Leopard'' by Bijan Mofid, 1970 Image:CunninghamDunnBrownShiraz1972.jpg, Persepolis Event, Douglas Dunn (left), Carolyn Brown (rear) and

Merce Cunningham Mercier Philip "Merce" Cunningham (April 16, 1919 – July 26, 2009) was an American dancer and choreographer who was at the forefront of American modern dance for more than 50 years. He frequently collaborated with artists of other discipl ...

(right) File:Shiraz 37.jpg, Stockhausen's ''

Mantra A mantra ( Pali: ''manta'') or mantram (मन्त्रम्) is a sacred utterance, a numinous sound, a syllable, word or phonemes, or group of words in Sanskrit, Pali and other languages believed by practitioners to have religious, ...

'' on 2 September 1972,

Aloys and Alfons Kontarsky Aloys (14 May 1931 – 22 August 2017) and Alfons (9 October 1932 – 5 May 2010) Kontarsky were German duo-pianist brothers who were associated with a number of important world premieres of contemporary works. They had an international reputation ...

, pianos, electronics by the composer (foreground) Image:Jashn honar.jpg, Farah Pahlavi talking to

Farzaneh Taidi Farzaneh Taidi ( fa, فرزانه تأییدی; also spelled Ta'yidi or Tayidi, 1945 – March 23, 2020) was an Iranian theater and film actress. After studying theater and acting in Los Angeles, she debuted in the controversial film, Hashtoumine ...

, and Ezzatolah Entezami Image:Ravi_Shankar_-_Madhuvanti.ogg,

performs at the Shiraz Arts Festival in the 1970s Image:Ram Narayan at the Shiraz Arts Festival.ogv,

performs at the Shiraz Arts Festival in the 1970s Image:Paivar-tehrani.jpg,

Faramarz Payvar Master Farâmarz Pâyvar ( fa, فرامرز پایور, ; 10 February 1933 – 9 December 2009) was an Iranian composer and santur player. Payvar died on 9 December 2009 after a long struggle with brain damage. Although once perceived as margi ...

, Jalil Shahnaz &

Image:Parisa.jpg,

performs at the Shiraz Arts Festival 1967

References

External links

"Festival of Arts, Shiraz-Persepolis"
Mahasti Afshar (January 2015)
Persian Music Ensemble at Shiraz Arts Festival, 1970
(Video) * NZ On Screen
''Sound the Trumpets, Beat the Drums''
Tony Williams' film documentary of the 1969 festival {{Authority control Music festivals in Iran Shiraz Electronic music festivals in Iran Music festivals established in 1967 Theatre festivals in Iran Articles containing video clips

History

Gallery

See also

References

External links