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Shaykhu al-Umari an-Nasiri (died October 1357) was a high-ranking
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* {{refend 1357 deaths Bahri dynasty Mamluk emirs Politicians from Cairo
Shaykhu al-Umari an-Nasiri (died October 1357) was a high-ranking Mamluk
Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...
emir during the reigns of sultans al-Muzaffar Hajji
Al-Muzaffar Sayf ad-Din Hajji ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun, better known as al-Muzaffar Hajji, (1331–December 1347) was the Bahri Mamluk sultan of Egypt. He was also the sixth son of an-Nasir Muhammad (d. 1341) to hold office, ruling from September ...
(1346–1347), an-Nasir Hasan
An-Nasir Badr ad-Din Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun (1334/35–17 March 1361), better known as an-Nasir Hasan, was the Mamluk sultan of Egypt, and the seventh son of an-Nasir Muhammad to hold office, reigning twice in 1347–1351 and 1354–1361. ...
(1347–1351, 1355–1361) and as-Salih Salih
As-Salih Salah ad-Din Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun (28 September 1337–1360/61, better known as as-Salih Salih, was the Mamluk sultan in 1351–1354. He was the eighth son of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad to accede to the sultanate. He was largely a ...
(1351–1355).
Biography
Shaykhu began his career as a ''mamluk
Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...
'' (manumitted slave soldier) during the third reign of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad
Al-Malik an-Nasir Nasir ad-Din Muhammad ibn Qalawun ( ar, الملك الناصر ناصر الدين محمد بن قلاوون), commonly known as an-Nasir Muhammad ( ar, الناصر محمد), or by his kunya: Abu al-Ma'ali () or as Ibn Qal ...
(r. 1310–1341).Dobrowolski 2001, p. 28. Shaykhu rose to become a high-ranking emir under Sultan al-Muzaffar Hajji
Al-Muzaffar Sayf ad-Din Hajji ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun, better known as al-Muzaffar Hajji, (1331–December 1347) was the Bahri Mamluk sultan of Egypt. He was also the sixth son of an-Nasir Muhammad (d. 1341) to hold office, ruling from September ...
(r. 1346–1347).Al-Harithy 1996, p. 78. During the first term of the latter's child successor, an-Nasir Hasan
An-Nasir Badr ad-Din Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun (1334/35–17 March 1361), better known as an-Nasir Hasan, was the Mamluk sultan of Egypt, and the seventh son of an-Nasir Muhammad to hold office, reigning twice in 1347–1351 and 1354–1361. ...
, Shaykhu emerged as one of the four influential Mamluk emirs who wielded power in the sultanate. An-Nasir Hasan moved to assert his authority over the emirs in 1350 by arresting Shaykhu and Emir Manjak al-Yusufi Manjak may refer to:
*Manjak language, a Bak language spoken by the Manjak people
*Manjak people, a ethnic group in Guinea-Bissau and Senegal
*Maniago, a town in Italy
*Manjak (Vladičin Han), a village in Serbia
*Dejan Manjak
Dejan Manjak ( sr-cy ...
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, imprisoning them both in
Alexandria
Alexandria ( or ; ar, ٱلْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةُ ; grc-gre, Αλεξάνδρεια, Alexándria) is the second largest city in Egypt, and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast. Founded in by Alexander the Great, Alexandri ...
. Shaykhu was pardoned in 1351 following Hasan's ouster and replacement by Sultan as-Salih Salih
As-Salih Salah ad-Din Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun (28 September 1337–1360/61, better known as as-Salih Salih, was the Mamluk sultan in 1351–1354. He was the eighth son of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad to accede to the sultanate. He was largely a ...
and the strongman of the sultanate, Emir Taz an-Nasiricom
. Shaykhu returned to
Cairo
Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metr ...
where he and Taz effectively held the levers of power and supervised the affairs of the state. During this three-year period (1352–1355), Shaykhu commissioned the construction of a ''sabil kuttab'' (public fountain where the Qur'an was taught) in Cairo
Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metr ...
.
Relations soured between Shaykhu and Taz, leading with the former gaining the upper hand and together with Emir Sirghitmish an-Nasiri, deposing as-Salih Salih and restoring Hasan to the sultanate. Taz was soon after imprisoned on Hasan's orders, but Shaykhu compelled Hasan to assign him to Aleppo
)), is an adjective which means "white-colored mixed with black".
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as governor instead, effectively exiling Taz. Shaykhu was appointed ''atabak al-asakir'' (commander in chief of the military) by Hasan, giving him considerable power in the sultanate. During this time, he was the first person to hold the title of ''emir kabir'' (great commander). In 1355, Shaykhu had a mosque bearing his name built in Cairo, between Rumeila Square and the Ibn Tulun Mosque
The Mosque of Ibn Tulun ( ar, مسجد إبن طولون, Masjid Ibn Ṭūlūn) is located in Cairo, Egypt. It is one of the oldest mosques in Egypt as well as the whole of Africa surviving in its full original form, and is the largest mosque i ...
.Muhammad 1991, p. 151. November 1357, Shaykhu was murdered in a council meeting of the Royal Mamluks (the top tier in the Mamluk military hierarchy).Al-Harithy 1996, p. 70. Thereafter, his ''mamluk
Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...
'' faction had their power restricted by Hasan.
References
Bibliography
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* {{refend 1357 deaths Bahri dynasty Mamluk emirs Politicians from Cairo