The people of Shandong province or Shandong people () refers to those who are native to

Shandong Shandong ( , ; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Shantung) is a coastal Provinces of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China and is part of the East China region. Shandong has played a major role in His ...

province, the majority (99%) of whom are

Han Chinese The Han Chinese () or Han people (), are an East Asian ethnic group native to China. They constitute the world's largest ethnic group, making up about 18% of the global population and consisting of various subgroups speaking distinctive v ...

identity. They speak various forms of Chinese such as

Jilu Jīlū was a district located in the Hakkari region of upper Mesopotamia in modern-day Turkey. Before 1915 Jīlū was home to Assyrians and as well as a minority of Kurds. There were 20 Assyrian villages in this district. The area was tradition ...

, Jiaoliao, and

Zhongyuan Zhongyuan (), the Central Plain(s), also known as Zhongtu (, lit. 'central land') and Zhongzhou (, lit. 'central region'), commonly refers to the part of the North China Plain surrounding the lower and middle reaches of the Yellow River, centere ...

. There is a small Shandong community in

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bor ...

and

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federal constitutional monarchy consists of thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two regions: Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo's East Mal ...

. Nine-tenths of the early overseas Chinese in Korea also came from Shandong. Shandong citizens are also known to have the tallest average height of any Chinese province. As of 2010, 16- to 18-year-old male students in Yantai measured 176.4 cm (5'9.5), while female students measured 164 cm (5'4.5).

History

Modern-day

is primarily located in the territories of Qi During the

Warring States The Warring States period () was an era in ancient Chinese history characterized by warfare, as well as bureaucratic and military reforms and consolidation. It followed the Spring and Autumn period and concluded with the Qin wars of conquest ...

Period. It was the last Kingdom to be annexed by the Qin kingdom prior to the beginning of the

Qin dynasty The Qin dynasty ( ; zh, c=秦朝, p=Qín cháo, w=), or Ch'in dynasty in Wade–Giles romanization ( zh, c=, p=, w=Ch'in ch'ao), was the first dynasty of Imperial China. Named for its heartland in Qin state (modern Gansu and Shaanxi), ...

. After the brief 15-year unification by the Qin dynasty, the empire broke into

Eighteen Kingdoms The historiographical term "Eighteen Kingdoms" ( zh, t=十八國), also translated to as "Eighteen States", refers to the eighteen '' fengjian'' states in China created by military leader Xiang Yu in 206 BCE, after the collapse of the Qin dynasty. ...

. Present day Shandong was split into two feudal states, Jiaodong (胶东) and Jibei (济北). The Han kingdom then headed by King

Liu Bang Emperor Gaozu of Han (256 – 1 June 195 BC), born Liu Bang () with courtesy name Ji (季), was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning in 202–195 BC. His temple name was "Taizu" while his posthumous name was Empe ...

united the kingdoms to form the

Han dynasty The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by th ...

. After 400 years, the Han dynasty fell and the empire scattered and after the disintegration of the Cao Wei dynasty, the area of present-day Shandong was ruled by the

Tuoba The Tuoba (reconstructed Middle Chinese pronunciation: *''tʰak-bɛt''), also known as the Taugast or Tabgach ( otk, 𐱃𐰉𐰍𐰲 ''Tabγač''), was a Xianbei clan in Imperial China.Wei Shou. ''Book of Wei''. Vol. 1 During the Sixteen Kingd ...

Clan of the

Xianbei The Xianbei (; ) were a Proto-Mongolic ancient nomadic people that once resided in the eastern Eurasian steppes in what is today Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Northeastern China. They originated from the Donghu people who splintered into th ...

Tribe during the Eastern Wei. The Eastern Wei eventually fell to the

Northern Qi Qi, known as the Northern Qi (), Later Qi (後齊) or Gao Qi (高齊) in historiography, was a Chinese imperial dynasty and one of the Northern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties era. It ruled the eastern part of northern China ...

dynasty which lasted 27 years before it was overtaken by the

Northern Zhou Zhou (), known in historiography as the Northern Zhou (), was a Xianbei-led dynasty of China that lasted from 557 to 581. One of the Northern dynasties of China's Northern and Southern dynasties period, it succeeded the Western Wei dynasty a ...

of central China.

Emperor Wen of Sui The Emperor Wen of Sui (; 21 July 541 – 13 August 604), personal name Yang Jian (), Xianbei name Puliuru Jian (), alias Narayana () deriving from Buddhist terms, was the founder and the first emperor of the Chinese Sui dynasty. The ''Book of ...

was able to recapture ruling power to the Han Chinese from the Xianbei and establish the

Sui dynasty The Sui dynasty (, ) was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China that lasted from 581 to 618. The Sui unified the Northern and Southern dynasties, thus ending the long period of division following the fall of the Western Jin dynasty, and la ...

after centuries of Xianbei rule and division between different states, becoming

. After unifying the

Northern and Southern dynasties The Northern and Southern dynasties () was a period of political division in the history of China that lasted from 420 to 589, following the tumultuous era of the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Eastern Jin dynasty. It is sometimes considered a ...

, the Sui dynasty paved the way for the

Tang dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...

and many years of prosperity and peace. The Tang dynasty fell about 300 years after its inception. The empire again, fragmented, this time into many different states whose borders are roughly the outline of the present day provinces. During this time Shandong was known as the

Later Liang (Five Dynasties) Liang, known in historiography as the Later Liang () (1 June 907 – 19 November 923) or the Zhu Liang (), was an imperial dynasty of China and the first of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded ...

Kingdom. There were considerable foreign settlements by the British, Germans, Americans, and Russians in Shandong cities during the 18th century. For 20 years prior to the end of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

, the Germans controlled Shandong. After the defeat of Germany in WWI by the Allied forces, the cities of

Chefoo Yantai, formerly known as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in northeastern Shandong province of People's Republic of China. Lying on the southern coast of the Bohai Strait, Yantai borders Qingdao on the ...

and

Tsingtao Qingdao (, also spelled Tsingtao; , Mandarin: ) is a major city in eastern Shandong Province. The city's name in Chinese characters literally means " azure island". Located on China's Yellow Sea coast, it is a major nodal city of the One Belt ...

were handed to the Japanese who used the port cities for their summer fleets. This led to the

Shandong Problem __NOTOC__ The Shandong Problem or Shandong Question (, Japanese: , ''Santō mondai'') was a dispute over Article 156 of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, which dealt with the concession of the Shandong Peninsula. It was resolved in China's favor i ...

which added to the ignition of the

May Fourth Movement The May Fourth Movement was a Chinese anti-imperialist, cultural, and political movement which grew out of student protests in Beijing on May 4, 1919. Students gathered in front of Tiananmen (The Gate of Heavenly Peace) to protest the Chin ...

and the

New Culture Movement The New Culture Movement () was a movement in China in the 1910s and 1920s that criticized classical Chinese ideas and promoted a new Chinese culture based upon progressive, modern and western ideals like democracy and science. Arising out of ...

— paving the way for the birth of modern China.

Chinese-Korean clans from Shandong

Chungju Ji clan Chungju Ji clan () is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Chungju, North Chungcheong Province. According to the research held in 2015, the number of Chungju Ji clan’s member was 148144. Their founder was who was the Chinese envoy dis ...

* Chungju Mae clan * Ganghwa Noh clan * Geumseong Beom clan *

Haengju Ki clan Haengju Gi clan () is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Goyang, Gyeonggi Province. According to the research held in 2015, the number of Haengju Gi clan was 27379. Their founder was who was one of the Jun of Gojoseon’s three des ...

Haman Jo clan Haman Jo clan () is one of Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Haman County, South Gyeongsang Province. According to the research held in 2015, the number of Haman Jo clan was 282890. Their founder was who was a chief vassal in Goryeo. He was a ...

* Langya Jeong clan * Jinan Wang clan * Imgu Pung clan * Namyang Bang clan *

Namyang Hong clan Namyang Hong clan () is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, Gyeonggi Province. According to the research held in 2015, the number of Namyang Hong clan members was 487,488. The Namyang Hong clan is divided into the ...

* Namyang Seo clan *

Qufu Kong clan The Gokbu Gong clan () is one of the Korean clans originally from China. Their Bon-gwan () are in Qufu, Shandong in China, which was also Confucius's birthplace. Qufu is known as Gokbu () in Korean. According to the South Korean 2000 census, the n ...

– descendant of 53rd grandchild of

Confucius Confucius ( ; zh, s=, p=Kǒng Fūzǐ, "Master Kǒng"; or commonly zh, s=, p=Kǒngzǐ, labels=no; – ) was a Chinese philosopher and politician of the Spring and Autumn period who is traditionally considered the paragon of Chinese sages. C ...

, Kong Shao *

Sinchang Maeng clan Sinchang Maeng clan () is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan was in Asan, South Chungcheong Province. According to the research held in 2000, the number of Sinchang Maeng clan was 18147, and the number of families was 5631. Sinchang Maeng Cl ...

– descendant of 39th grandchild of

Mencius Mencius ( ); born Mèng Kē (); or Mèngzǐ (; 372–289 BC) was a Chinese Confucian philosopher who has often been described as the "second Sage", that is, second to Confucius himself. He is part of Confucius' fourth generation of discip ...

, Meng Cheng Shun *

Yeoheung Min clan The Yeoheung Min clan () is a Korean clan that traces its origin to Yeoju, Gyeonggi Province. The 2015 Korean Census counted 167,124 members of the Yeoheung Min clan. Origin The Yeoheung Min clan's progenitor was Min Ching-do (민칭도, 閔� ...

* Yeongyang Cheon clan * Yangsan Jin clan

Cuisine

Shandong cuisine Shandong cuisine (), more commonly known in Chinese as Lu cuisine, is one of the Eight Culinary Traditions of Chinese cuisine and one of the Four Great Traditions (). It is derived from the native cooking style of Shandong Province, a northern ...

is one of the "8 Great Regional Cuisines" of China. It is noted for uses of seafood, vinegar, and garlic. Since Shandong is located in fertile plains, it is a main wheat-growing area in China. People in Shandong enjoy eating foods made of wheat flour as staple food. It is commonly said that Shandong people like to eat big pan-cakes stuffed with scallions or minced meat when they eat three meals a day. Shandong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored sauces, and features adept skill in slicing. Shandong cuisine is representative of Northern Chinese cooking and its techniques have been widely absorbed by the imperial dishes.

Notable dishes

* Dezhou Braised (Grilled) Chicken (simplified Chinese: 德州扒鸡 ''Dézhōu pá jī'') also known as "Dezhou Five-fragrant Boneless Braised Chicken" from the city of

Dezhou Dezhou () is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Shandong province, People's Republic of China. It borders the provincial capital of Jinan to the southeast, Liaocheng to the southwest, Binzhou to the northeast, and the province of Hebei t ...

. * Clay Pot Braised Pork Belly (simplified Chinese: 坛子肉 ''tánzi ròu'') the original

Red braised pork belly Red braised pork belly or hong shao rou () is a classic pork dish from mainland China, red-cooked using pork belly and a combination of ginger, garlic, aromatic spices, chilies, sugar, star anise, light and dark soy sauce, and rice wine. The ...

which has now spread all over China, and is more popularly known as Chairman Mao's favorite dish. Different provinces have different variations of this dish. Tanzi Rou, literally means brewed pork in jar, as the dish is cooked in a porcelain or clay pot. It is said that the dish originated in the Jinan Fengjilou Hotel. * Eight Immortal Soup a seafood soup popular in overseas Chinese communities. * Fluffy Scallion Pan-Cake (simplified Chinese: 山东大饼) is a version of a scallion pancake that is much more dense, fluffier, and thicker than the more widespread southern style, Green-Scallion Oil Pancake. This type of bread can come either plain topped with sesame seeds, or stuffed with meat filling or glass-noodle or eggs and Chinese chives. Different variations exist. * Shandong Fried Oyster * Braised Sea Cucumber with Scallion * Pulled-Caramelized Sweet Potato (simplified Chinese: 拔丝地瓜 ''básī dìguā'') * Shandong Dumplings Shandong style dumplings are notably plumper and traditionally made with Pork & Cabbage or Mackerel & Leek (

Jiaodong The Shandong (Shantung) Peninsula or Jiaodong (Chiaotung) Peninsula is a peninsula in Shandong Province in eastern China, between the Bohai Sea to the north and the Yellow Sea to the south. The latter name refers to the east and Jiaozhou. ...

style). They are noted for their Gold-nugget like appearance that is accomplished via a particular squeezing technique instead of the more common folding technique.

Culture

Evidence of the Beixin culture (5300 BC to 4100 BC), the

Dawenkou culture The Dawenkou culture was a Chinese Neolithic culture primarily located in the eastern province of Shandong, but also appearing in Anhui, Henan and Jiangsu. The culture existed from 4300 to 2600 BC, and co-existed with the Yangshao culture. Turquoi ...

(4100 BC to 2600 BC) and the Longshan Culture (3000 BC to 2000 BC) was found in Shandong province, which provides evidence that comparatively advanced handcraft industry, agriculture and animal husbandry was prevalent in Shandong 4000 to 7000 years ago. Additionally, Shandong is home to some of the oldest Chinese inscriptions: Dawenkou Pottery Inscription and Longshan Pottery Inscription; the largest prehistoric settlement found to date: Chengziya () Archeological Site; the oldest section of the Great Wall in China: the Great Wall of Qi State; Huantai County

Oracle Bone Script Oracle bone script () is an ancient form of Chinese characters that were engraved on oracle bonesanimal bones or turtle plastrons used in pyromantic divination. Oracle bone script was used in the late 2nd millennium BC, and is the earliest k ...

, among the oldest found in China, were all found in Shandong. According to the research of archaeologists, Shandong was the main hub for silk manufacture from the Han dynasty to the Tang dynasty, and it was the start of the ancient

Silk Road The Silk Road () was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. Spanning over 6,400 kilometers (4,000 miles), it played a central role in facilitating economic, cultural, political, and rel ...

Heritage sites

File:Linzi_sewer_2010_06_06.jpg, Remains of

Ancient Linzi Linzi () was the capital of the ancient Chinese state of Qi during the Zhou dynasty. The ruins of the city lie in modern-day Linzi District, Shandong, China. The city was one of the largest and richest in China during the Spring and Autumn Peri ...

city sewer passing underneath the former city wall File:Great wall of qi 2008 07 14.jpg, Remnants of the Great Wall of Qi in

Changqing District Changqing District () is one of 10 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, East China, covering part of the southwestern suburbs. It has an area of 1,208.54 km2 and has 578,740 permanent ...

. File:Nanshan_temple.JPG, Nanshan Temple in

Longkou Longkou (), formerly Huang County (), is a port city in northeastern Shandong province, China, facing the Bohai Sea to the north and the Laizhou Bay to the west. Longkou, a county-level city, is administered by the prefecture-level city of Yant ...

Notable people

Political leaders

* President

Roh Tae-woo Roh Tae-woo (; ; 4 December 1932 – 26 October 2021) was a South Korean politician and army general who served as the sixth president of South Korea from 1988 to 1993. Roh was a close ally and friend of Chun Doo-hwan, the predecessor leader ...

: President of Korea * Chief

Leung Chun-ying Leung Chun-ying (; born 12 August 1954), also known as CY Leung, is a Hong Kong politician and chartered surveyor, who has served as vice-chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference since Ma ...

Chief Executive of Hong Kong The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is the representative of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and head of the Government of Hong Kong. The position was created to replace the office of governor of ...

Academia

Liu Hui Liu Hui () was a Chinese mathematician who published a commentary in 263 CE on ''Jiu Zhang Suan Shu ( The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art).'' He was a descendant of the Marquis of Zixiang of the Eastern Han dynasty and lived in the state ...

– ancient Chinese mathematician *

Jiao Bingzhen Jiao Bingzhen (), active 1689–1726) was a native of Jining, Shandong who became a noted painter and astronomer. He is one of the first Qing dynasty painters to blend traditional Chinese painting with western culture. He is also among the more si ...

– a noted

astronomer An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies – in either ...

and artist * Ke Ting Sui 葛庭燧 – known for the Kê pendulum and Kê grain-boundary internal friction peak he invented * Li Zhensheng – geneticist of wheat *

Guo Yonghuai Guo Yonghuai, or Yung-huai Kuo (; April 4, 1909 – December 5, 1968) was a Chinese aerospace engineer. He was an expert in aerodynamics. Biography Guo was born in Rongcheng, Shandong, and graduated from the department of physics of Peking U ...

– Chinese expert in aerodynamics * Samuel C. C. Ting 丁肇中 –

Nobel Prize in Physics ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then " ...

laureate * Zhan Tao – Chinese mathematician and president of Jilin University. * Qu Qinyue – astrophysicist and president of Nanjing University.

Philosophers

– considered to be the greatest Chinese philosopher, founder of

Confucianism Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China. Variously described as tradition, a philosophy, a Religious Confucianism, religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, ...

and contributed greatly to

Chinese culture Chinese culture () is one of the world's oldest cultures, originating thousands of years ago. The culture prevails across a large geographical region in East Asia and is extremely diverse and varying, with customs and traditions varying grea ...

Mozi Mozi (; ; Latinized as Micius ; – ), original name Mo Di (), was a Chinese philosopher who founded the school of Mohism during the Hundred Schools of Thought period (the early portion of the Warring States period, –221 BCE). The ancie ...

– founder of

Mohism Mohism or Moism (, ) was an ancient Chinese philosophy of ethics and logic, rational thought, and science developed by the academic scholars who studied under the ancient Chinese philosopher Mozi (c. 470 BC – c. 391 BC), embodied in an ep ...

Disciples of Confucius According to Sima Qian, Confucius said: "The disciples who received my instructions, and could themselves comprehend them, were seventy-seven individuals. They were all scholars of extraordinary ability." It was traditionally believed that Confuciu ...

– helped to compile much of the teachings of the greatest Chinese philosopher and their teacher, Confucius, in the

Analects of Confucius The ''Analects'' (; ; Old Chinese: '' ŋ(r)aʔ''; meaning "Selected Sayings"), also known as the ''Analects of Confucius'', the ''Sayings of Confucius'', or the ''Lun Yu'', is an ancient Chinese book composed of a large collection of sayings a ...

– the most famous Confucian after Confucius himself, responsible for propagating Confucianism *

Zengzi Zeng Shen (505–435 BC), better known as Zengzi (Master Zeng), courtesy name Ziyu (), was a Chinese philosopher and disciple of Confucius. He later taught Zisi (Kong Ji), the grandson of Confucius, who was in turn the teacher of Mencius, thus b ...

– one of the

Four Sages The Four Sages, Assessors, Legge, James. The Confucian Analects, the Great Learning, & the Doctrine of the Mean'. 1893. or Correlates () are four eminent Chinese philosophers in the Confucian tradition. They are traditionally accorded a kind of sai ...

or Confucianism, composed

Classic of Filial Piety The ''Classic of Filial Piety'', also known by its Chinese name as the ''Xiaojing'', is a Confucian classic treatise giving advice on filial piety: that is, how to behave towards a senior such as a father, an elder brother, or a ruler. The t ...

Zou Yan Zou Yan (; ; 305 BC240 BC) was a Chinese philosopher and spiritual writer best known as the representative thinker of the Yin and Yang School (or School of Naturalists) during the Hundred Schools of Thought era in Chinese philosophy. Biography Z ...

– best known as the representative thinker of the Yin and Yang School (or School of Naturalists) during the

Hundred Schools of Thought The Hundred Schools of Thought () were philosophies and schools that flourished from the 6th century BC to 221 BC during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period of ancient China. An era of substantial discrimination in China ...

era in Chinese philosophy. *

Duanmu Ci Duanmu Ci (; 520–456 BC), also known by his courtesy name Zigong (), was a Chinese businessman, philosopher, and politician. He was one of the most important and loyal disciples of Confucius. Among Confucius' students, he was the second best a ...

Zheng Xuan Zheng Xuan (127– July 200), courtesy name Kangcheng (), was a Chinese philosopher, politician, and writer near the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was born in Gaomi, Beihai Commandery (modern Weifang, Shandong), and was a student of Ma Ro ...

Linji Yixuan Linji Yixuan (; ja, 臨済義玄 ''Rinzai Gigen''; died 866 CE) was the founder of the Linji school of Chan Buddhism during Tang Dynasty China. Línjì yǔlù Information on Linji is based on the ''Línjì yǔlù'' (臨濟語錄; Japanese ...

Mou Zongsan Mou Zongsan (; 1909–1995) was a Chinese philosopher and translator. He was born in Shandong province and graduated from Peking University. In 1949 he moved to Taiwan and later to Hong Kong, and he remained outside of mainland China for the res ...

Literati

* Alfred James Broomhall – author and historian *

Deng Guangming Dèng Guăngmíng (16 March 1907 – 10 January 1998) was a Chinese historian who specialized in the 10th to 13th century Song, Jin and Liao dynasties. Born in Linyi County, Shandong and known by the courtesy name Gongsan (), Deng's principal ...

– 20th century historian *

Han Xizai Han Xizai () (902 – August 31, 970''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms''vol. 28Acade ...

– official of states

Wu (Ten Kingdoms) Wu (), also referred to as Huainan (), Hongnong (), Southern Wu (), or Yang Wu (楊吳), was one of the Ten Kingdoms in eastern China which was in existence from 907 to 937. Its capital was Jiangdu Municipality () (modern Yangzhou in Jiangs ...

and

Southern Tang Southern Tang () was a state in Southern China that existed during Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, which proclaimed itself to be the successor of the former Tang dynasty. The capital was located at Nanjing in present-day Jiangsu Province. ...

, famed for his writing and calligraphy skills. *

Li Baojia Li Baojia (), courtesy name (zi) Li Boyuan (; 1867-1906PL, p547), art name nickname (hao) Nanting tingzhang () was a Qing Dynasty-era Chinese author. He was a writer, essayist, ballad author, poet, calligrapher, and seal carver. He edited a fiction ...

– Qing dynasty author *

Li Cunxin Li Cunxin (born 26 January 1961) is a Chinese-Australian former ballet dancer turned stockbroker. He is currently the artistic director of the Queensland Ballet in Brisbane, Australia.Queensland Ballet (2012)Li Cunxin returns to the stage ...

– author of '' Mao's Last Dancer'' *

Mo Yan Guan Moye (; born 17 February 1955), better known by the pen name Mo Yan (, ), is a Chinese novelist and short story writer. Donald Morrison of U.S. news magazine ''TIME'' referred to him as "one of the most famous, oft-banned and widely pirate ...

–

Nobel Prize in Literature ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , caption = , awarded_for = Outstanding contributions in literature , presenter = Swedish Academy , holder = Annie Ernaux (2022) , location = Stockholm, Sweden , year = 1901 , ...

laureate *

Nicholas Poppe Nicholas N. Poppe (russian: Никола́й/Ни́колас Никола́евич Поппе, ''Nikoláj/Níkolas Nikolájevič Poppe''; 27 July 1897 – 8 August 1991) was an important Russian linguist. He is also known as Nikolaus Poppe, wit ...

– linguist *

Peter Stursberg Arthur Lewis Peter Stursberg, known as Peter Stursberg, (August 31, 1913 – August 31, 2014), was a Canadian writer and broadcaster. Life and career Stursberg was born in Chefoo, China, the son of Mary Ellen (née Shaw) and Walter Arthur Stur ...

– Canadian writer, broadcaster, and war correspondent *

Pu Songling Pu Songling (, 5 June 1640 – 25 February 1715) was a Chinese writer during the Qing dynasty, best known as the author of ''Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio'' (''Liaozhai zhiyi''). Biography Pu was born into a poor merchant family from Zi ...

– Qing dynasty writer, author of ''

Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio ''Liaozhai zhiyi'', sometimes shortened to ''Liaozhai'', known in English as ''Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio'' or ''Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio'', is a collection of Classical Chinese stories by Qing dynasty writer Pu Songling, c ...

'' * Qu Bo – 20th century author * Yan Chongnian – historian * Yan Zhen – calligrapher *

Zuo Fen Zuo Fen (; c. 255–300) was a Chinese woman poet of the Western Jin dynasty. Life Zuo Fen was born in Linzi prefecture to a family of Confucian scholars. Her mother died young, but her father, Zuo Yong, became an imperial official in charg ...

– female poet during the

Western Jin Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US * Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that i ...

dynasty

Entertainers

Gong Li Gong Li (Chinese: 巩俐; born 31 December 1965) is a Chinese actress. She starred in three of the four Chinese-language films that were nominated for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film. Gong was born in Shenyang, Liaonin ...

– actress * Fan Bing Bing – actress *

Zhang Yuqi Zhang Yuqi (; born 8 August 1987), also known as Kitty Zhang, is a Chinese actress best known for portraying Mrs. Yuen in the 2008 film ''CJ7'' — which brought her media attention and kick-started her acting career, and Ruo Lan in the 2016 f ...

– actress * Wang Yan – actress *

Hachidai Nakamura was a Japanese songwriter and jazz pianist. Biography Hachidai Nakamura was born in Tsingtao, Republic of China, to Japanese parents, before moving to Kurume at a young age, where he attended high school. He graduated from Waseda University in ...

– jazz pianist and songwriter *

Huang Xiaoming Huang Xiaoming or Mark Huang (, born 13 November 1977) is a Chinese actor, singer, and model. He graduated from the Performance Institute of the Beijing Film Academy in 2000. Huang first rose to prominence in 2001 for playing Emperor Wu of Han in ...

– actor *

Huang Bo Huang Bo (; born August 26, 1974) is a Chinese actor, film director, singer and the current vice-chairman of China Film Association. He is the winner of multiple Chinese film awards, and ranked 34th on Forbes China Celebrity 100 list in 2013, 6 ...

– actor *

Huang Zitao Huang Zitao (; born May 2, 1993), also known as Tao, is a Chinese rapper, singer, songwriter, actor, model, and businessman. Huang is a former member of the South Korean-Chinese boy band Exo and its Chinese sub-unit, Exo-M. After leaving Exo, ...

– actor, singer, former Exo (band) member and idol *

Victoria Song Song Qian (; born February 2, 1987), known professionally as Victoria or Victoria Song, is a Chinese singer, dancer, actress, model, host and author known for her work as a member of South Korean girl group f(x). In 2010, Song gained fame as pa ...

– actress,

F(x) (band) f(x) (; ) is a South Korean girl group formed by SM Entertainment in 2009. The group is composed of Victoria, Amber, Luna, Krystal and previously Sulli until her departure from the group in August 2015. f(x) officially debuted in September 200 ...

leader * Toshiro Mifune – actor * Jin Chen – actress *

Gina Jin Jin Chen (, born 5 September 1990), also known as Gina Jin, is a Chinese actress of Hui ethnicity. She is recognized for her role in the web dramas '' Wu Xin: The Monster Killer'' and '' Candle in the Tomb: Mu Ye Gui Shi''. Career Jin debuted w ...

– actress * Ren Jia Lun – actor *

Bai Baihe Bai Baihe (, born 1 March 1984) is a Chinese actress. She was among the highest paid film actresses in China. She is best known for her roles in such films as '' Love is Not Blind'', '' Personal Tailor'', ''Monster Hunt'' and '' Go Away Mr. Tu ...

– actress * Chen Hao – actress *

Ma Tianyu Ma Tianyu (; born 12 July 1986), also known as Ray Ma, is a Chinese Mandopop singer and actor of Hui ethnicity. He graduated from the Beijing Film Academy. Career 2006–2008: Debut as a singer In 2006, Ma Tianyu entered the ''My Hero'' comp ...

– actor *

Zhang Zilin Zhang Zilin () is a Chinese actress, singer, fashion model and beauty queen who won Miss China World in 2007 and later was crowned as Miss World 2007. Biography Zhang was born in Weihai, Shandong, on March 22, 1984. She then moved to Haidian Dis ...

– Miss World 2007 *

Teresa Teng Teng Li-Chun (; 29 January 1953 – 8 May 1995), commonly known as Teresa Teng, was a Taiwanese singer, actress, musician and philanthropist. Referred to by some as " Asia's eternal queen of pop," Teng became a cultural icon for her contributio ...

– pop Icon *

Dee Hsu Dee Hsu (; born 14 June 1978), more commonly known as Xiǎo S or Little S (小S), is a Taiwanese television host, actress, and singer, also formerly a ballroom dancer. Hsu is well known for her quick-witted caustic humor. From 2004 to 2015, she c ...

– TV host in Taiwan *

Show Luo Show Lo Chih Hsiang (; born July 30, 1979) is a Taiwanese singer, actor and host. He is commonly known by his nickname Hsiao Chu (Little Pig) (). Lo is recognized for his trademark dance music and comedic talent. He has over 50 million followe ...

– Taiwanese entertainer (father) *

Eddie Huang Edwyn Charles Huang (born March 1, 1982) is an American author, chef, restaurateur, food personality, producer, and former attorney. He was a co-owner of BaoHaus, a gua bao restaurant in the East Village of Lower Manhattan. Huang previously h ...

– Taiwanese American lawyer, author, and restaurateur (mother) *

Fei Fei Sun Sun Feifei (; born March 20, 1989), commonly known as Fei Fei Sun, is a Chinese model based in New York City. She is ranked as the New Supers by Models.com. Top casting director Ashley Brokaw proclaimed Fei Fei as "an exceptional beauty " , co ...

– super model, face of Estee Lauder, first model of Asian descent to represent Valentino and grace the cover of Vogue Italy *

Kara Hui Kara Wai Ying-hung BBS (; born 3 February 1960) is a Hong Kong actress best known internationally for her roles in wuxia films produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio in the 1970s and 1980s. Wai has since portrayed a wide range of roles on screen ...

– Hong Kong actress of Manchu ethnicity * Wei Zheming (Miles Wei) – actor, singer, model

Athletes

Gao Yisheng Gao Yisheng () (1866–1951) was the creator of the Gao style of the Chinese Internal Martial Art of Baguazhang. His life bridged the second generation and third generation of Bagua practitioners into the 20th century. He was one of the few third ...

– 20th century martial arts master, founder of

Gao Style Baguazhang Gao Style Baguazhang (高氏八卦掌) is the style of Baguazhang (八卦掌) descended from Gao Yisheng (高義盛), a student of Cheng Tinghua, who founded one of the two main branches of Baguazhang. Gao is alternatively said to have original ...

* Sun Wengjin – Chinese women's volleyball player * Xu Jing – Chinese women's Olympic archer *

Yan Bingtao Yan Bingtao (, born 16 February 2000) is a Chinese professional snooker player. He is the youngest player to win the Amateur World Snooker Championship after defeating Muhammad Sajjad 8–7. Having qualified to compete on the main tour for ...

– youngest player to win Amateur World Snooker Championship, professional pool player *

Zhang Chenglong Zhang Chenglong (; born May 12, 1989) is a Chinese gymnast. He competed for the national team at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's artistic team all-around and helped win the team gold medal. World Championships and Asian Games At both t ...

– 2012 Olympic gold medal gymnast * Zhang Qibin – swimmer in 2016 Olympics *

Zhang Zhiqiang Zhang Zhiqiang may refer to: * Zhang Zhiqiang (rugby union) * Zhang Zhiqiang (speed skater) {{hndis ...

– Chinese rugby player, former

Leicester Tigers Leicester Tigers (officially Leicester Football Club) are a professional rugby union club based in Leicester, England. They play in Premiership Rugby, England's top division of rugby. The club was founded in 1880 and since 1892 plays its hom ...

member

Statesmen

Liu Yao Liu Yao (died 329), courtesy name Yongming, was the final emperor of the Xiongnu-led Han Zhao dynasty of China. He became emperor in 318 after most other members of the imperial Liu clan were massacred by Jin Zhun in a coup. However, the empire ...

– governor and warlod during the

Eastern Han dynasty The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by th ...

Empress Dowager Bian Lady Bian (29 January 161According to the ''Book of Wei'' by Wang Chen et al., Lady Bian was born on the ''jisi'' day of the 12th month of the 3rd year of the ''Yanxi'' era of the reign of Emperor Huan of Han. ((后以汉延熹三年十二月己 ...

– wife of

Cao Cao Cao Cao () (; 155 – 15 March 220), courtesy name Mengde (), was a Chinese statesman, warlord and poet. He was the penultimate grand chancellor of the Eastern Han dynasty, and he amassed immense power in the dynasty's final years. As one o ...

famed

Three Kingdoms The Three Kingdoms () from 220 to 280 AD was the tripartite division of China among the dynastic states of Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu. The Three Kingdoms period was preceded by the Eastern Han dynasty and was followed by the West ...

Warlord, mother of

Cao Pi Cao Pi () ( – 29 June 226), courtesy name Zihuan, was the first emperor of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the second son of Cao Cao, a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty, but the eldest s ...

who ended the

began the

Wei dynasty Wei or WEI may refer to: States * Wey (state) (衛, 1040–209 BC), Wei in pinyin, but spelled Wey to distinguish from the bigger Wei of the Warring States * Wei (state) (魏, 403–225 BC), one of the seven major states of the Warring States per ...

. *

Lord Mengchang Lord Mengchang (; died 279 BC), born Tian Wen, was an aristocrat and statesman of the Qi Kingdom of ancient China, one of the famed Four Lords of the Warring States period. He was a son of Tian Ying and grandson of King Wei of Qi. He succeeded ...

– aristocrat and statesman of the Qi Kingdom, one of the famed Four Lords of the

period. *

Empress Lü Empress (Dowager) Lü Zhi (241–18 August 180 BC), commonly known as Empress Lü () and formally Empress Gao of Han (), was the empress consort of Gaozu, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty. They had two known children, Liu Ying (later E ...

– infamous wife of the first emperor of

Peng Liyuan Peng Liyuan (; born 20 November 1962) is a Chinese soprano and contemporary folk singer and the spouse of Xi Jinping, current General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and President of the People's Republic of China. Peng gained populari ...

– contemporary folk singer, president of the People's Liberation Army Academy of Art, and

First Lady of China Paramount leader () is an informal term for the most important political figure in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The paramount leader typically controls the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Liberation Army (PLA), often hol ...

Qi Jiguang Qi Jiguang (, November 12, 1528 – January 17, 1588), courtesy name Yuanjing, art names Nantang and Mengzhu, posthumous name Wuyi, was a Chinese military general and writer of the Ming dynasty. He is best known for leading the defense on t ...

– military general of the

Ming dynasty The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last ort ...

, author of military manuals

Jixiao Xinshu The ''Jixiao Xinshu'' () or ''New Treatise on Military Efficiency'' is a military manual written during the 1560s and 1580s by the Ming dynasty general Qi Jiguang. Its primary significance is in advocating for a combined arms approach to ...

and Record of Military Training *

Queen Dowager Shi Queen Dowager Shi (史太妃, personal name unknown) was a concubine of the late-Tang dynasty warlord Yang Xingmi and the mother of two of Yang Xingmi's sons, Yang Wo and Yang Longyan (also known as Yang Wei), both of whom would become rulers of the ...

* Qu Tongfeng – general in the

Beiyang Army The Beiyang Army (), named after the Beiyang region,Hong Zhang (2019)"Yuan Shikai and the Significance of his Troop Training at Xiaozhan, Tianjin, 1895–1899" ''The Chinese Historical Review'' 26(1) was a large, Western-style Imperial Chinese Ar ...

during the Warlord era under

Yuan Shikai Yuan Shikai (; 16 September 1859 – 6 June 1916) was a Chinese military and government official who rose to power during the late Qing dynasty and eventually ended the Qing dynasty rule of China in 1912, later becoming the Emperor of China. H ...

Zhuge Liang Zhuge Liang ( zh, t=諸葛亮 / 诸葛亮) (181 – September 234), courtesy name Kongming, was a Chinese statesman and military strategist. He was chancellor and later regent of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. He is ...

– imperial chancellor, inventor and engineer, legalist (Chinese Philosophy), accomplished strategist in Chinese history during the

period *

Wan Li Wan Li (1 December 1916 – 15 July 2015) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and politician. During a long administrative career in the People's Republic of China, he served successively as Vice Premier, Chairman of the Standing Committee of ...

– 5th

Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress The chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is the presiding officer of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC), which is the permanent body of the National People's Congress, highest orga ...

. A Chinese Communist revolutionary and one of the leading moderate reformers in China's top leadership in the 1980s. In office 13 April 1988 – 27 March 1993.

Businesspeople

Chen Xiaolu Chen Xiaolu (; 30 July 1946 – 28 February 2018) was a Chinese military officer and businessman. As a son of Marshal Chen Yi, he was one of China's most prominent princelings, or children of high officials. He held the rank of colonel when he ...

– early director of Anbang insurance giant * Dr.

Chiang Chen Chiang Chen GBM OBE (, 29 August 192313 March 2022) was a Hong Kong industrialist. Biography He was the founder and chairman of the Chen Hsong Holdings Limited since 1958. As a pro-Beijing entrepreneur, Chiang maintained good relations wit ...

– entrepreneur and Hong Kong industrialist, founder of Chen Hsong Holdings Limited *

Guo Wengui Guo Wengui (; born May 10, 1970—self claim or October 5, 1968), also known under the names Guo Haoyun (), Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, is an exiled Chinese billionaire businessman who became a political activist and controls Beijing Zenith Hold ...

– Chinese billionaire *

Kai Johan Jiang Kai Johan Jiang (born 1965 as ) is a Swedish-Chinese businessman and company operator with business interests in Sweden and China. In 2004, Jiang founded State Power (Dragon Power Company), a Chinese energy company active in the sustainable energy ...

– Swedish-Chinese businessman in energy * Karl Juchheim – German confectioner, founder of Juchheim Company *

Henry Luce Henry Robinson Luce (April 3, 1898 – February 28, 1967) was an American magazine magnate who founded ''Time'', ''Life'', ''Fortune'', and ''Sports Illustrated'' magazine. He has been called "the most influential private citizen in the America ...

– 20th century American magazine magnate *

Ning Gaoning Ning Gaoning (; born 9 November 1958), also known as Frank Ning, is a Chinese business executive. He was born in Binzhou, Shandong Province. He graduated Shandong University and received an MBA from the University of Pittsburgh's Katz School of ...

– chairman of Sinochem Group *

Ren Zhiqiang Ren Zhiqiang (; born 8 March 1951) is an incarcerated Chinese real estate tycoon and a blogger on Sina Weibo with more than 37 million followers. Nicknamed "Big Cannon Ren", he is known for his outspoken criticism of the Chinese Communist Party ...

– real estate tycoon *

Xiao Jianhua Xiao Jianhua (, born 13 January 1972) is a Chinese-Canadian businessman and billionaire known for managing assets for descendants of prominent Chinese leaders. He was reported to have been abducted from Hong Kong to Mainland China in 2017. His ...

– Chinese-Canadian billionaire * Xu Lejiang – billionaire *

Wang Tianpu Wang Tianpu (; born 1962), is a Chinese chemical engineer and CEO. He was the former president of Sinopec, one of the three largest state-owned oil companies in China. On April 27, 2015, Wang was placed under investigation by the Central Commiss ...

– former

Sinopec China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (中国石油化工股份有限公司) or Sinopec (), is a Chinese oil and gas enterprise based in Beijing. It is listed in Hong Kong and also trades in Shanghai. Sinopec Limited's parent, Sinopec ...

president * Zhang Shiping – billionaire *

Zhang Ruimin Zhang Ruimin (; born 5 January 1949) is the founder of Haier Group. He is currently the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Haier Group. Zhang was appointed the director of Qingdao Refrigerator Factory, predecessor of Haier Gr ...

– CEO of

Haier Haier Group Corporation () is a Chinese multinational home appliances and consumer electronics company headquartered in Qingdao, Shandong. It designs, develops, manufactures and sells products including refrigerators, air conditioners, washin ...

Group

References

Bibliography

* * {{Han subgroups Ethnic groups in China *