Sayyid ul Sadaat Mir Sayyid Mahmud Saheb Agha al-Hasani wal-Husseini (died 1882) was a

Sufi saint Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...

and direct descendant of the Islamic Prophet

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mon ...

. He was the brother of Sayyid Mir Jan and acted under him as Grand Master of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order.

Biography

Before joining his brother Sayyid Mir Jan, he was a powerful statesman and Naqib al-Ashraf in the

Emirate of Afghanistan The Emirate of Afghanistan also referred to as the Emirate of Kabul (until 1855) ) was an emirate between Central Asia and South Asia that is now today's Afghanistan and some parts of today's Pakistan (before 1893). The emirate emerged from t ...

as young leader in the young age of twenty years. Together with his brother Sayyid Mir Jan, he has revived the culture of

Hazrat Ishaan Sayyid ul Sadaat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud ibn Sharif Naqshbandi al-Hasani wal-Husseini, known as Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb (1563 — 5 November 1642) was a Sufi Saint from Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Ancestry Hazrat Ishaan was a Sayyid, sig ...

, after it was closely forgotten, due to the tragic martyrdom of his relative Hazrat Ishaan V, Mir Sayyid Kamaludeen Shaheed.

Ancestry

Sayyid Mahmud Agha is a

Sayyid ''Sayyid'' (, ; ar, سيد ; ; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: ; feminine: ; ) is a surname of people descending from the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, sons of Muhamm ...

(a descendant of

through his daughter

Fatimah Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, ...

and his cousin

Ali ibn Abi Talib ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; 600 – 661 CE) was the last of four Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam (r. 656 – 661) immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was the first Shia Imam. ...

), both maternally and paternally. Among his paternal ancestors are seven of the

Twelve Imams The Twelve Imams ( ar, ٱلْأَئِمَّة ٱلْٱثْنَا عَشَر, '; fa, دوازده امام, ') are the spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Twelver branch of Islam, including that of the Ala ...

, and among his maternal ancestors were eleven of the Twelve Imams, Sayyid Abdul Qadir Jilani, Sayyid

Bahauddin Naqshband Baha' al-Din Naqshband ( fa, بهاءالدین محمد نقشبند; 1318–1389) was the eponymous founder of what would become one of the largest Sufi Sunni orders, the Naqshbandi. Background Baha al-Din was born in March 1318 in the vill ...

, Sayyid Alauddin Atar, and Khwaja Khawand Mahmud (also known as

) also. After the

Battle of Karbala The Battle of Karbala ( ar, مَعْرَكَة كَرْبَلَاء) was fought on 10 October 680 (10 Muharram in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar) between the army of the second Umayyad Caliph Yazid I and a small army led by Husayn ...

, the

Ahl al-Bayt Ahl al-Bayt ( ar, أَهْل ٱلْبَيْت, ) refers to the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, but the term has also been extended in Sunni Islam to apply to all descendants of the Banu Hashim (Muhammad's clan) and even to all Muslims. I ...

went back to

Medina Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the Holiest sites in Islam, second-holiest city in Islam, ...

. From there Musa al Kazim was forced to go to Iraq. The Musavis, i.e. the descendants of Musa al Kadhim, settled to Persia. One of them was Khwaja Sayyid Mir Ismail Muhammad Hakim, father of Khwaja Sayyid Mir Latif, an ancestor of Hazrat Sayyid Mahmud Agha. The descendants of Sayyid Mir Latif immigrated to Bokhara and after that to Kabul, where Sayyid Mahmud Agha was born. His paternal family were and are still known as Naqib al-Ashraf of the

Sunnis Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word ''Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagree ...

Greater Iran Greater Iran ( fa, ایران بزرگ, translit=Irān-e Bozorg) refers to a region covering parts of Western Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, Xinjiang, and the Caucasus, where both Iranian culture and Iranian languages have had a s ...

. Sayyid Mahmud Agha's maternal ancestors were Askari Sayyids, i.e. descendants of Imam Hasan al-Askari, through his son Sayyid Ali Akbar, whose existence was hidden, because of political conflicts. Sayyid Ali Akbar's descendants also migrated to Bokhara, where the prominent Sufi saint

, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order, was born.Khtame Ziarate Sharife hazrat eshan Bukhari(written and investigated by Mian Ahmad Bader Akhlaq(BSC)) printed the second time in 1988 Writer and inspector Mian Muhammad Hasan Akhlaq(M.Km) 1988 company: Koperatis Lahorin A descendant of Bahauddin Naqshband after 7 generations was

,Expanding Frontiers in South Asian and World History: Essays in Honor of John F. Richards p. 159 whose descendants later immigrated to variable regions of South Asia, like

Khorasan Khorasan may refer to: * Greater Khorasan, a historical region which lies mostly in modern-day northern/northwestern Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, southern Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan * Khorasan Province, a pre-2004 province of Ira ...

, today known as

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Referred to as the Heart of Asia, it is borde ...

in order to spread the Ishaqiyya Naqshbandiyya branch's teachings.

Lineage

* 1

* 2 Ali and Fatima Al Zahra * 3 Imam Hussain Shaheede Reza * 4 Imam Ali Zayn al-Abidin * 5 Imam Muhammad al Baqir * 6 Imam

Ja'far al-Sadiq Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Ṣādiq ( ar, جعفر بن محمد الصادق; 702 – 765 CE), commonly known as Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (), was an 8th-century Shia Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian.. He was the founder of th ...

* 7 Imam Musa al Kazim * 8 Abu Qasim Sayyid Mir Hamza * 9 Sayyid Mir Qasim * 10 Sayyid Mir Ahmad * 11 Sayyid Mir Muhammad * 12 Sayyid Mir Ismail Muhammad Hakim * 13 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Latif * 14 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Muhammad * 15 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Kulal * 16 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Ahmad * 17 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Hashim * 18 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Mustaali * 19 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Dost Ali * 20 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Muhammad Latif * 21 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Abdullah * 22 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Muhammad Shamah * 23 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Latifullah * 24 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Ruhollah * 25 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Baitullah * 26 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Nimatullah * 27 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Azimullah * 28 Khwaja Sayyid Mir Muhammad Hasan * 29 Sayyid ul Sadat Hazrat Shah Saheb Khwaja Mir Sayyid Mahmud Saheb Agha

Nobility

Sayyid Mahmud Agha was a young leader of the Naqshbandi Sufi order and right hand of his older brother Sayyid Mir Jan. As heir of

and his father Naqib Sayyid Mir Hasan the Naqib al-Ashraf of the

, he was also considered an

Alid The Alids are those who claim descent from the '' rāshidūn'' caliph and Imam ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (656–661)—cousin, son-in-law, and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad—through all his wives. The main branches are the (inclu ...

Prince A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. ...

, with the heraldic title Mir.Tazkare Khwanadane Hazrat Eshan (genealogy of the family of Hazrat Eshan) (by author and investigator: Muhammad Yasin Qasvari Naqshbandi company: Edara Talimat Naqshbandiyya Lahore) p.335

Philanthropic work

Sources mention occasions in which he helped his followers in spiritual, social and financial cases. One popular occasion was the rescue of children of his followers from criminal kidnappers, who mistreated them for child labour.Tazkare Khwanadane Hazrat Eshan (genealogy of the family of Hazrat Eshan) (by author and investigator: Muhammad Yasin Qasvari Naqshbandi company: Edara Talimat Naqshbandiyya Lahore) p.335 Darbare Hazrat Eshan at night after renovation of Khwaja Sardar Mir Sayyid Sultan Massood Dakik

Darbare Hazrat Eshan at night after renovation of Khwaja Sardar Mir Sayyid Sultan Massood Dakik

Cultivating the culture of Hazrat Ishaan

Sayyid Mahmud Agha was well respected and welcomed by his followers, when he travelled to them in Amritsar, Lahore, Kashmir and also Istanbul. Their he held lectures and taught Islamic Law and Spirituality. He together with his brother preached the legacy of their ancestor

. As representative of the family of

, he also cultivated the culture of his ancestor

and wrote poems that are until today widely known under the followers of

. One special literature work of him is the modification of the anthem of the legacy of

Modified Anthem

The modified anthem is in Persian, the mother language of

and his descendants: رو در صف دوستان ما باش و مترس Be on the side of our friends and have no fear خاک راه آستان ما باش و مترس Be dust on the way of our legacy and have no fear گر جمله جهان قصد اوجود تو کند Even when the whole world is standing against you دل فارغ دار از آن ما باش و مترس Have a pure heart and stay with us and have no fear ما در کشانتان هستیم در کوه و دره We are guarding you in mountains and valleys انجا که شیر و پلنگ و هشدار گذرد Where lions, tigers and hyenas are around پیران قوی دارم و مردان سره I have strong saints and high men by my side هر کس که به ما کج نگرد جان نبره Every one who looks crooked at us will bear no life رو در صف دوستان ما باش و مترس Be on the side of our friends and have no fear خاک راه آستا ما باش و مترس Be dust on the way of our legacy and have no fear

Veneration

Sayyid Mahmud Agha was a very open-minded person, who attracted people of various religions. The members of major religious groups in

Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second List of cities in Pakistan by population, most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th List of largest cities, most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is th ...

ascribed to him divine powers and attributes, which eventually let him convert his Non-Muslim followers to

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the ...

Legacy

Sayyid Mahmud Agha Shah Saheb died in

as a young man in his twenties and is buried on the left of the future grave of Sayyid Mir Jan. In his mausoleum in

Begampura Begampura is a neighbourhood in the Lahore District in Punjab, Pakistan. It is located near G.T road Lahore. The University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore is located in Begampura. There are a number of mosques and graveyards adjoining Beg ...

. On the occasion of his death there was a violent clash between his followers of various religions, who attributed to him saintship of their own respective religion. His

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

followers encompassed both

and Shiites, whereas his

Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

followers in

even attributed to him the rank of the

reincarnation Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that the non-physical essence of a living being begins a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death. Resurrectio ...

Krishna Krishna (; sa, कृष्ण ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of Vishnu and also as the Supreme god in his own right. He is the god of protection, compassion, tenderness, and love; and is on ...

. Furthermore, he was considered a

Guru Guru ( sa, गुरु, IAST: ''guru;'' Pali'': garu'') is a Sanskrit term for a "mentor, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field. In pan- Indian traditions, a guru is more than a teacher: traditionally, the guru is a reverential ...

by contemporary

Sikhs Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism (Sikhi), a monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. The ter ...

, although Sayyid Mahmud Agha was no

Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...

, staying to his values as a conservative

. Eventually his older brother Sayyid Mir Jan has mediated and calmed down the mob, making a conclusion to bury him in an Islamic manner in the Mausoleum of

, converting the Non-Muslim followers peacefully and passionately to Islam. His death anniversary is commemorated with short prayers called Zikr. It is known as the day, in which a Wali died in deep love. His followers call him Nooron ala Noor or "the manifest of the

light Light or visible light is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye. Visible light is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nanometres (nm), corresponding to frequencies of 750–420 t ...

Prophet Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monoth ...

His brother Sayyid Mir Jan

He is known for his unlimited love and loyalty to his older brother and master Sayyid Mir Jan. He reportedly resembled

and Ali.

Mir Sayyid Raphael Dakik

Today the legacy of Sayyid Mahmud Agha is predominantly represented by the descendants of his younger brother

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah Agha Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Fazlullah Agha al-Hasani wal-Husseini (born in Kabul) was a Sufi Saint and the highest Qadi (Qadi ul Qudhad) and Grand Mufti of the Emirate of Afghanistan. Ancestry Sayyid Mir Fazlullah is a Sayyid (a descendant ...

. This especially applies to his grand nephew Mir Sayyid Raphael Dakik.

References

{{authority control Family of Muhammad Hashemite people Sufi religious leaders Naqshbandi order 1800 births 1901 deaths Sufi mystics Muslim mystics Sufi poets Indian Sufi saints Afghan people of Arab descent People from Kabul