The Basilica of Saint Praxedes ( la, Basilica Sanctae Praxedis, it, Basilica di Santa Prassede all’Esquillino), commonly known in Italian as Santa Prassede, is an early medieval

titular Titular may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * Title character in a narrative work, the character referred to in its title Religion * Titular (Catholicism), a cardinal who holds a titulus, one of the main churches of Rome ** Titular bisho ...

church and

minor basilica In the Catholic Church, a basilica is a designation given by the Pope to a church building. Basilicas are distinguished for ceremonial purposes from other churches. The building need not be a basilica in the architectural sense (a rectangular ...

located near the papal basilica of Saint Mary Major, on Via di Santa Prassede, 9/a in rione Monti of

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

. The current

Cardinal Priest A cardinal ( la, Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally 'cardinal of the Holy Roman Church') is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. Cardinals are created by the ruling pope and typically hold the title for life. Col ...

of ''Titulus Sancta Praxedis'' is

Paul Poupard Paul Joseph Jean Poupard (born 30 August 1930) is a French prelate of the Catholic Church who has been a Cardinal since 1985. He held positions in the Roman Curia for more than 25 years, serving as President of the Pontifical Council for Cult ...

. Dedicated to the second-century saint Praxedes, who with her sister

Pudentiana Pudentiana is a traditional Christian saint and martyress of the 2nd century who refused to worship the Roman Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Antoninus Pius as deities. She is sometimes locally known as Potentiana and is often coupled with her s ...

, was said to have provided comfort and care to Christians persecuted in the Roman Empire.

History

The church incorporates mosaic decoration that mark it among the oldest churches in Rome. A church near this site was present since the fifth century, but the church in its current place and general layout was commissioned by Pope Hadrian I around the year 780 to house the relics (bones) of Saint Praxedes ( it, S. Prassede) and Saint Pudentiana ( it, S. Pudenziana), the daughters of

Saint Pudens Russian icon Saint Pudens was an early Christian saint and martyr. He is mentioned as a layman of the Roman Church in 2 Timothy 4:21. He is said to have been the son of Quintus Cornelius Pudens, a Roman Senator, and his wife Priscilla. Accordi ...

, traditionally

St. Peter ) (Simeon, Simon) , birth_date = , birth_place = Bethsaida, Gaulanitis, Syria, Roman Empire , death_date = Between AD 64–68 , death_place = probably Vatican Hill, Rome, Italia, Roman Empire , parents = John (or Jonah; Jona) , occupation ...

's first Christian convert in Rome. The church was built atop of the remains of a 4th-century ancient Roman Thermae, privately owned by the family of Pudentiana, and called ''Terme di Novato''. The two female saints were murdered for providing Christian burial for early

martyr A martyr (, ''mártys'', "witness", or , ''marturia'', stem , ''martyr-'') is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, or refusing to renounce or advocate, a religious belief or other cause as demanded by an externa ...

s in defiance of Roman law. The basilica was enlarged and decorated by

Pope Paschal I Pope Paschal I ( la, Paschalis I; died 824) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 25 January 817 to his death in 824. Paschal was a member of an aristocratic Roman family. Before his election to the papacy, he was abbot of St ...

in c. 822. Pope Paschal, who reigned 817–824, was at the forefront of the

Carolingian Renaissance The Carolingian Renaissance was the first of three medieval renaissances, a period of cultural activity in the Carolingian Empire. It occurred from the late 8th century to the 9th century, taking inspiration from the Christian Roman Empire of t ...

started and advocated by the emperor

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first E ...

. They desired to get back to the foundations of Christianity theologically and artistically. Paschal, thus, began two, linked, ambitious programs: the recovery of martyrs' bones from the

catacomb Catacombs are man-made subterranean passageways for religious practice. Any chamber used as a burial place is a catacomb, although the word is most commonly associated with the Roman Empire. Etymology and history The first place to be referred ...

s of Rome and an almost unprecedented church building campaign. Paschal dug up numerous skeletons and transplanted them to this church. The ''Titulus S. Praxedis'' was established by

Pope Evaristus Pope Evaristus was the bishop of Rome from 99 to his death 107. He was also known as Aristus and is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Catholic Church, and Oriental Orthodoxy. It is likely that John the Apostle died during ...

, around 112. While on a pilgrimage to Rome with his father around 855-856, the young and future English king

Alfred the Great Alfred the Great (alt. Ælfred 848/849 – 26 October 899) was King of the West Saxons from 871 to 886, and King of the Anglo-Saxons from 886 until his death in 899. He was the youngest son of King Æthelwulf and his first wife Osburh, who bo ...

was reportedly deeply impressed and inspired by the church's beauty. The inscriptions found in Santa Prassede, a valuable source illustrating the history of the church, have been collected and published by Vincenzo Forcella. The church contains the oratory of San Zenone. The church provided the inspiration for

Robert Browning Robert Browning (7 May 1812 – 12 December 1889) was an English poet and playwright whose dramatic monologues put him high among the Victorian poets. He was noted for irony, characterization, dark humour, social commentary, historical sett ...

's poem "The Bishop Orders His Tomb at Saint Praxed's Church."

Interior

The main altarpiece is a canvas of ''St Praxedes Gathering the Blood of the Martyrs'' (c. 1730–35) by

Domenico Muratori Domenico Maria Muratori (1662–1744) was an Italian painter of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century, specializing in altarpieces. Muratori was born in Vendrana in the Budrio commune. He was a Bolognese painter who studied under L ...

Mosaic

The most famous element of the church is the

mosaic A mosaic is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly pop ...

decorative program. Paschal hired a team of professional mosaicists to complete the work in the apse, the apsidal arch, and the triumphal arch. In the apse, Jesus is in the center, flanked by Sts. Peter and Paul who present Prassede and Pudenziana to God. On the far left is Paschal, with the square halo of the living, presenting a model of the church as an offering to Jesus. Below runs an inscription of Paschal's, hoping that this offering will be sufficient to secure his place in heaven. On the apsidal arch are twelve men on each side, holding wreaths of victory, welcoming the souls into heaven. Above them are symbols of the four Gospel writers: Mark, the lion; Matthew, the man; Luke, the bull; and John, the eagle, as they surround a lamb on a throne, a symbol of Christ's eventual return to Earth. Those mosaics, as well as those in the Chapel of

Saint Zeno Zeno of Verona ( it, Zenone da Verona; about 300 – 371 or 380) was either an early Christian Bishop of Verona or a martyr. He is a saint in the Roman Catholic Church and in the Orthodox Church. Life and historicity According to a Veronese aut ...

, a funerary chapel which Pope Paschal built for his mother, Theodora, are the best-known aspects of the church. Also noteworthy are ancient frescoes. Ascending a spiral staircase, one enters a small room, covered in scaffolding; on the wall is a fresco cycle, dating most likely from the 8th century. The frescoes probably depict the life-cycle of the name saint of the church, Praxedes.

Pillar of the Flogging

Monti - santa Prassede colonna flagellazione 01396

Santa Prassede also houses an alleged segment of the pillar or column upon which

Jesus Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label= Hebrew/ Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Jewish preacher and relig ...

was flogged and tortured before his crucifixion in

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

. The relic is alleged to have been discovered in the early 4th century by Saint

Helena Helena may refer to: People *Helena (given name), a given name (including a list of people and characters with the name) *Katri Helena (born 1945), Finnish singer *Helena, mother of Constantine I Places Greece * Helena (island) Guyana * H ...

(mother of the Roman Emperor

Constantine I Constantine I ( , ; la, Flavius Valerius Constantinus, ; ; 27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337, the first one to convert to Christianity. Born in Naissus, Dacia Mediterran ...

) who at the age of 80 undertook a

pilgrimage A pilgrimage is a journey, often into an unknown or foreign place, where a person goes in search of new or expanded meaning about their self, others, nature, or a higher good, through the experience. It can lead to a personal transformation, aft ...

to the

Holy Land The Holy Land; Arabic: or is an area roughly located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Eastern Bank of the Jordan River, traditionally synonymous both with the biblical Land of Israel and with the region of Palestine. The term "Holy ...

, where she founded churches for Christian worship and rescued relics associated with the crucifixion of Jesus on

Calvary Calvary ( la, Calvariae or ) or Golgotha ( grc-gre, Γολγοθᾶ, ''Golgothâ'') was a site immediately outside Jerusalem's walls where Jesus was said to have been crucified according to the canonical Gospels. Since at least the early medie ...

. In 1223, Cardinal Giovanni Colonna, as emissary to the holy land in 1223 was said to have obtained this artifact and brought it to Rome. Among these legendary relics retrieved by Helena, which included pieces of the

True Cross The True Cross is the cross upon which Jesus was said to have been crucified, particularly as an object of religious veneration. There are no early accounts that the apostles or early Christians preserved the physical cross themselves, althoug ...

(now venerated at

St. Peter's Basilica The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican ( it, Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano), or simply Saint Peter's Basilica ( la, Basilica Sancti Petri), is a church built in the Renaissance style located in Vatican City, the papal e ...

with fragments in

Santa Croce in Gerusalemme The Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem or Basilica di Santa Croce in Gerusalemme, ( la, Basilica Sanctae Crucis in Hierusalem) is a Catholic Minor basilica and titular church in rione Esquilino, Rome, Italy. It is one of the Seven Pil ...

, also in Rome) and wood from the Jesus' crib enshrined at S. Maria Maggiore. These items, including the Santa Prassede pillar, lack indisputable authenticity, due to absence of forensic evidence and the abundance of other objects claimed during the medieval period to have the same historic function.

List of cardinals

* Benedict, under

Pope Gregory VII Pope Gregory VII ( la, Gregorius VII; 1015 – 25 May 1085), born Hildebrand of Sovana ( it, Ildebrando di Soana), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 April 1073 to his death in 1085. He is venerated as a saint ...

(1073–1085) * Deodatus (1091), appointee of

Antipope Clement III Guibert or Wibert of Ravenna ( 10298 September 1100) was an Italian prelate, archbishop of Ravenna, who was elected pope in 1080 in opposition to Pope Gregory VII and took the name Clement III. Gregory was the leader of the movement in the chur ...

* Romanus (1105–1112) * Lambert (1112–1115) *

Desiderius Desiderius, also known as Daufer or Dauferius (born – died ), was king of the Lombards in northern Italy, ruling from 756 to 774. The Frankish king of renown, Charlemagne, married Desiderius's daughter and subsequently conquered his realm. Des ...

(1115–1138) * Chrysogonus (1138–1141) * Hubald of Lucca (1141–1158) * William (1173) * Radulfus Nigellus (1188) * Rufinus (1190–1192) Klaus Ganzer (1963), ''Die Entwicklung des auswärtigen Kardinalats im hohen Mittelalter. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Kardinalkollegiums vom 11.bis 13. Jahrhundert'' , Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, pp. 146-148. * Soffred of Pistoia (1193–1210) * Giovanni da Ferentino (1212–1217) *

Giovanni Colonna di Carbognano Giovanni Colonna (ca. 1170 – 28 January 1245) was a cardinal of the Catholic Church from the Roman noble family of Colonna. He is occasionally named "the Younger" to distinguish him from his near-contemporary cardinal Giovanni di San Paolo, who ...

(1217–1245) * Ancher Pantaleon (1262–1286) * Pedro Gómez de Barroso (1327–1341) * Gilles Riguad (1350–1353) * Marco da Viterbo (1366–1369) * Pedro Gómez de Barroso Albornoz (1371–1374) * Pietro Pileo di Prata (1378–1384) ** Tommaso Ammanati (1385–1396), loyal to the

Avignon Papacy The Avignon Papacy was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon – at the time within the Kingdom of Arles, part of the Holy Roman Empire; now part of France – rather than in Rome. The situation a ...

Pedro Fernández de Frías Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for ''Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meaning " ...

(1405–1412), loyal to the Avignon and Pisa papacies *

Antonio Calvi Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular ...

(1405–1409) *

Raimond Mairose Raimond is both a masculine given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name * Raimond Aumann (born 1963), German footballer * Raimond Beccarie de Pavie, Seigneur de Fourquevaux (1508–1574), French soldier, politician ...

(1426–1427) *

Jean Le Jeune Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Jea ...

(1440–1441) * Alain de Coëtivy (1448–1465); ''

in commendam In canon law, commendam (or ''in commendam'') was a form of transferring an ecclesiastical benefice ''in trust'' to the ''custody'' of a patron. The phrase ''in commendam'' was originally applied to the provisional occupation of an ecclesiastica ...

'' (1465–1474) *

Giovanni Arcimboldo Giovanni Arcimboldi (died 1488) is called the Cardinal of Novara or the Cardinal of Milan and was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal. He served many times as the legate to Perugia and was both a Senator of Milan and ran the archdioce ...

(1476–1488) *

Antoniotto Pallavicini Antonio Gentile Pallavicini ( Genoa, 1441 – 1507) was an Italian Cardinal. He was considered papabile in 1492. Bishop of Frascati from April until December 1503; later bishop of Palestrina. He was bishop of Ventimiglia from 1484; then bis ...

(1489–1503) * Gabriele de’ Gabrielli (1507–1511) * Christopher Bainbridge (1511–1514) *

Antonio Maria Ciocchi del Monte Antonio Maria Ciocchi del Monte (died 20 September 1533) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal. Early years, ca. 1462–1503 Antonio Maria Ciocchi del Monte was born in Monte San Savino sometime between late September 1461 and e ...

(1514–1521) * Ippolito de’ Medici (1529–1532) * Tommaso De Vio (1534) *

Francesco Cornaro Francesco Cornaro may refer to: * Francesco Cornaro (1478–1543), Italian cardinal * Francesco Cornaro (1547–1598), Italian cardinal * Francesco Cornaro (Doge) (1585–1656), Doge of Venice See also

* House of Cornaro {{hndis, Cornaro, Fra ...

(1535–1541) * Philippe de la Chambre (1541–1542) *

Gasparo Contarini Gasparo Contarini (16 October 1483 – 24 August 1542) was an Italian diplomat, cardinal and Bishop of Belluno. He was one of the first proponents of the dialogue with Protestants, after the Reformation. Biography He was born in Venice, the elde ...

(1542) * Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte (1542–1543) * Miguel de Silva (1543–1552) * Cristoforo Ciocchi del Monte (1552–1564) *

Charles Borromeo Charles Borromeo ( it, Carlo Borromeo; la, Carolus Borromeus; 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was the Archbishop of Milan from 1564 to 1584 and a cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation combat ...

(1564–1584) *

Nicolas de Pellevé Nicolas Pellevé. Nicolas de Pellevé (18 October 1518 – 24 March 1594) was a French archbishop and Cardinal. He was a major figure of the Catholic League. Early life Nicolas de Pellevé, the second son of Charles de Pellevé, Sieur de Jou ...

(1584–1594) * Alessandro Ottaviano de’ Medici (1594–1600) * Simeone Tagliavia d’Aragona (1600) *

Antonio Maria Galli Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular ma ...

(1600–1605) * Ottavio Acquaviva d’Aragona (1605–1612) *

Bartolomeo Cesi Bartolomeo Cesi (; 16 August 1556 – 11 July 1629) was an Italian painter and draftsman of the Bolognese School.Andrea Bayer. "Cesi, Bartolomeo" Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 7 November 2020 He made ea ...

(1613–1620) * Roberto Bellarmino (1620–1621) * François d’Escoubleau de Sourdis (1621–1628) * Marcello Lante (1628–1629) *

Roberto Ubaldini Roberto Ubaldini (1581 – 22 April 1635) was a bishop and cardinal of the Catholic Church. Biography He was born in Florence. He was appointed Bishop of Montepulciano in 1607, and ordained to that post on 3 Feb 1608 by Jacques Davy du Perron, ...

(1629–1635) *

Guido Bentivoglio Guido Bentivoglio d'Aragona (4 October 15797 September 1644) was an Italian cardinal, statesman and historian. Early years A member of the Ferrara branch of the influential Bentivoglio family of Bologna, he was the younger son of marchese Co ...

(1635–1639) *

Giulio Roma Giulio Roma (16 September 1584 – 16 September 1652) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Bishop of Recanati and Loreto. Roma was born 16 September 1584 in Milan, one of 16 children born to noble parents. He was educated at the University o ...

(1639–1644) * Ernst Adalbert von Harrach (1644–1667) *

Giulio Gabrielli Giulio Gabrielli (1604 – 13 August 1677) was an Italian Catholic cardinal. He is sometimes referred to as Giulio Gabrielli the Elder to distinguish him from Giulio Gabrielli the Younger. Early life Gabrielli was born 1604 in Rome, the son of ...

(1667) * Virginio Orsini (1667–1668) * Alderano Cybo-Malaspina (1668–1677) *

Pietro Vito Ottoboni Pope Alexander VIII ( it, Alessandro VIII; 22 April 1610 – 1 February 1691), born Pietro Vito Ottoboni, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 October 1689 to his death in February 1691. He is to date the l ...

(1680–1681) * Francesco Albizzi (1681–1684) * Decio Azzolini der Jüngere (1684–1689) * Giulio Spinola (1689–1691) *

Francesco Maidalchini Francesco Maidalchini (21 April 1631 – 13 June 1700) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Early life Maidalchini was born 12 April 1631 in Viterbo, the son of Andrea Maidalchini and Pacifica Feliziani. His father was the b ...

(1691–1700) *

Galeazzo Marescotti Galeazzo Marescotti (1 October 1627 – 3 July 1726) was an Italian cardinal. Biography He was born in Vignanello, Italy. His father was named Sforza Marescotti and his mother was Vittoria Ruspoli, both born to prominent aristocratic famil ...

(1700–1708) *

Fabrizio Spada Fabrizio Spada (Rome, 17 March 1643 – Rome, 15 June 1717) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, and served as Secretary of State under Pope Innocent XII. Life Born on March 17, 1643 in Rome, he was the son of Orazio Spada and ...

(1708–1710) * Bandino Panciatichi (1710–1718) * Francesco Barberini, Jr. (1718–1721) *

Giuseppe Sacripante Giuseppe is the Italian form of the given name Joseph, from Latin Iōsēphus from Ancient Greek Ἰωσήφ (Iōsḗph), from Hebrew יוסף. It is the most common name in Italy and is unique (97%) to it. The feminine form of the name is Giuse ...

(1721–1726) * Filippo Antonio Gualterio (1726–1728) * Lodovico Pico della Mirandola (1728–1731) *

Antonio Felice Zondadari Antonio Felice Zondadari, also known as Anton Felice Chigi Zondadari (14 January 1740 – 13 April 1823) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church. He is not to be confused with his uncle, also a cardinal, Antonio Felice Zondadari the elder ...

(1731–1737) *

Giorgio Spinola Giorgio may refer to: * Castel Giorgio, ''comune'' in Umbria, Italy * Giorgio (name), an Italian given name and surname * Giorgio Moroder, or Giorgio, Italian record producer ** ''Giorgio'' (album), an album by Giorgio Moroder * "Giorgio" (song), ...

(1737–1738) * Luis Belluga y Moncada (1738–1743) *

Angelo Maria Quirini Angelo Maria Querini or Quirini (30 March 1680 – 6 January 1755) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Biography Born in Venice, he entered the Benedictine Order in Florence in 1695 and was ordained in 1702. From 1710 to 171 ...

OSBCas (1743–1755) *

Domenico Silvio Passionei Domenico Silvio Passionei (2 December 1682 – 5 July 1761) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Biography Born in Fossombrone near Urbino, Marche, he went to Rome in 1695, where he studied philosophy at the Collegio Clementino ( ...

(1755–1759) *

Giacomo Oddi Giacomo Oddi (11 November 1679 - 2 May 1770) was an Italian archbishop and cardinal. Biography He was born to a local aristocratic family in Perugia and was ordained a priest on 30 May 1723. He was appointed titular archbishop of Laodicea in ...

(1759–1763) *

Carlo Vittorio Amedeo delle Lanze Carlo Vittorio Amedeo Delle Lanze (1712–1784) was an Italian clergyman, a Roman Catholic cardinal.
From Prof.Miranda website< ...

(1763–1783) *

Vitaliano Borromeo Vitaliano I Borromeo (died 1449) was an Italian Ghibelline nobleman from Milan, first Count of Arona. His father was Giacomo Vitaliani, ambassador of Padua to Venice, and his mother Margherita was of the prosperous family of Borromeo. He married ...

(1783–1793) *

Francesco Saverio de Zelada Francesco Saverio eZelada (27 August 1717, in Rome – 19 December 1801, in Rome) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, born of a Spanish family, who served in the Papal Curia and in the diplomatic service of the Holy See. He was educat ...

(1793–1801) * Antonio Dugnani (1801–1807) *

Carlo Antonio Giuseppe Bellisomi Carlo Antonio Giuseppe Bellisomi (30 July 1736 in Pavia – 9 August 1808 in Cesena, Emilia-Romagna) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and apostolic nuncio. Life He was made a priest on 29 May 1763 and on 11 September 1775 titular bis ...

(1807–1808) * ''vacant'' (1808–1814) * Giovanni Filippo Gallarati Scotti (1814–1818); ''in commendam'' (1818–1819) * ''vacant'' (1819–1823) * Francesco Serlupi Crescenzi (1823–1828) * Antonio Domenico Gamberini (1829–1839); ''in commendam'' (1839–1841) * Paolo Polidori (1841–1847) * Luigi Vannicelli Casoni (1847–1877) *

Edoardo Borromeo Edoardo Borromeo (3 August 1822 – 30 November 1881) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was ''Maestro di Camera'' to Pius IX and was Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Vito, Modesto e Crescenzio from 1868 to 1878. He was the seventh ...

(1878–1881) *

Angelo Bianchi Angelo Bianchi (19 November 1817 – 22 January 1897) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and worked in the Roman Curia. He became a cardinal in 1889. Biography Angelo Bianchi was bo ...

(1883–1889) * Tommaso Maria Zigliara (1891–1893) *

Gaetano Aloisi Masella Gaetano Aloisi Masella (30 September 1826 – 22 November 1902) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1887 and served as Prefect of the Congregation of Rites from 1899 until his death. Bio ...

(1893–1902) * Rafael Merry del Val y Zulueta (1903–1930) *

Raffaele Carlo Rossi Raffaele Rossi (28 October 1876 – 17 September 1948) - born Carlo - was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church and professed member from the Discalced Carmelites. Rossi served in the Sacred Consistorial Congregation in the Roman Curia fr ...

(1930–1948) * ''vacant'' (1948–1953) *

Pietro Ciriaci Pietro Ciriaci (2 December 1885 – 30 December 1966) was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church who served as prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Council in the Roman Curia from 1954 until his death, and was elevated to the card ...

(1953–1964) * Owen McCann (1965–1994) *

(since 1996)

Gallery

File:Santa Prassede - plan.JPG, Plan. File:Santa Prassede Façade.jpg, Internal façade File:Santa prassede 051218-01.JPG, Entrance File:Santa Prassede (Rome) - Interior.jpg, Interior File:Apsis mosaic S Prassede Rome W6.JPG, Triumphal arch mosaic File:Mosaic of the vault of the chapel of San Zeno (IX century).jpg, Ceiling of the Chapel of Saint Zeno File:S Prassede Krypta Rome W1.JPG, Crypt . File:Apsis - Paschalis I..gif,

presenting a model of the Basilica to Christ. His square

halo Halo, halos or haloes usually refer to: * Halo (optical phenomenon) * Halo (religious iconography), a ring of light around the image of a head HALO, halo, halos or haloes may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Video games * ''Halo'' (franch ...

indicates that he was alive when the mosaic was made. File:GBSantoni.jpg, Funerary monument of Bishop Giovanni Battista Santoni († 1592); bust by

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini Gian Lorenzo (or Gianlorenzo) Bernini (, , ; Italian Giovanni Lorenzo; 7 December 159828 November 1680) was an Italian sculptor and architect. While a major figure in the world of architecture, he was more prominently the leading sculptor of his ...

, circa 1612. File:Domenico Pestrini Tesauro Beccaria.jpg, "San Tesauro Beccaria" by Domenico Pestrini File:Tomb of Giovanni Carbone.jpg, Tomb of Giovanni Carbone, 14th century

References

Bibliography

* B. M. Apollonj Ghetti, ''Santa Pra''ssede (Roma: Edizioni Roma, 1961). * Gillian Vallance Mackie, ''The Iconographic Programme of the Zeno Chapel at Santa Prassede, Rome'' .A. University of Victoria (B.C., Canada) 1985 * Marchita B. Mauck, “The Mosaic of the Triumphal Arch of Santa Prassede: A Liturgical Interpretation.” ''Speculum'' 62–64 (1987), pp. 813–828. *

Rotraut Wisskirchen Rotraut Wisskirchen (23 June 1936 – 1 August 2018) was a German Biblical archaeologist.006 Alec Trevelyan (006) is a fictional character and the main antagonist in the 1995 James Bond film '' GoldenEye'', the first film to feature actor Pierce Brosnan as Bond. Trevelyan is portrayed by actor Sean Bean. The likeness of Bean as Ale ...

estimonianze di restauri, 5 * Mary M. Schaefer, ''Women in Pastoral Office: The Story of Santa Prassede, Rome'' (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2013). * Maurizio Caperna, ''La basilica di Santa Prassede: il significato della vicenda architettonica'' (Roma: Edizioni Quasar, 2013). * Benedictine Monks of Vallombroso, ''The Basilica of Saint Praxedes, in memory of their eighth century of presence at Saint Praxedes: 1198–1998'' (Genova, Italia: B.N. Marconi, Fourth Edition, January 2014).

External links

Kunsthistorie.com
photogallery.

*High-resolution 360° Panoramas and Images o
Santa Prassede , Art Atlas
{{DEFAULTSORT:Santa Prassede Religious buildings and structures completed in 822 9th-century churches in Italy Prassede Prassede Byzantine art Articles containing video clips Prassede 9th-century establishments in Italy