Samuel ben Uri Shraga Phoebus (alternatively, "Or Shraga", "Faivish", "Fayvish", "Faibesh", etc.) (

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

: שמואל בן אורי שרגא פיביש) was a Polish rabbi and

Talmudist The Talmud (; he, , Talmūḏ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (''halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the center ...

of Woydyslaw in the second half of the 17th century. In his early youth he was a pupil of Rabbi Heshel in Cracow, and on the latter's death he continued his studies under R. Heshel's successor, Rabbi Leib Fischeles, whose daughter he married. Samuel officiated as rabbi in Shydlow,

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

, whence he was called in September 1691 to the rabbinate of

Fürth Fürth (; East Franconian: ; yi, פיורדא, Fiurda) is a city in northern Bavaria, Germany, in the administrative division ('' Regierungsbezirk'') of Middle Franconia. It is now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. In his new office he displayed great activity, and was the recipient of a good income; nevertheless his new surroundings were distasteful to him. The reason is not known; but it is recorded that he longed for his former rabbinate. In 1694 he received a call to return to Shydlow, which he soon accepted, as appears from his approbation of the work ''Ir Binyamin'' (Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1698), in which he is mentioned as rabbi of the Polish town. Samuel wrote in

a clear and comprehensive commentary, known as ''Beit Shmuel'', on the ''

Shulhan Aruk The ''Shulchan Aruch'' ( he, שֻׁלְחָן עָרוּך , literally: "Set Table"), sometimes dubbed in English as the Code of Jewish Law, is the most widely consulted of the various legal codes in Judaism. It was authored in Safed (today in I ...

'', ''Eben ha'Ezer'', which appeared in

Dyhernfurth Brzeg Dolny (german: Dyhernfurth) is a town in Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship in south-western Poland. It is located north-west of Wrocław on the Oder River, and is the site of a large chemical plant complex, PCC Rokita SA. As o ...

in 1689, being the first Hebrew work printed there. Later he thoroughly revised it; and a second edition, with several emendations and additions, appeared at Fürth in 1694. He wrote also several responsa and opinions, one of which is published in ''Ḥinnuk Bet Yehudah,'' No. 131 (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1705).
''Jewish Encyclopedia'' bibliography: *

Haim Nathan Dembitzer Haim Nathan Dembitzer (29 June 1820, KrakowThe State Archive of Krakow
"Jewish Ci ...

, ''Kelilat Yofi,'' i.81a, b, ii.58b, Cracow, 1888-93; *M. Brann, "Geschichte und Annalen der Dyhernfurter Druckerei," in ''Monatsschrift,'' xl.520; *idem, "Eine Sammlung Fürther Grabschriften," in ''Kaufmann Gedenkbuch,'' pp. 396, 397; * Azulai, ''Shem ha-Gedolim,'' s.v.; *

Steinschneider Moritz Steinschneider (30 March 1816, Prostějov, Moravia, Austrian Empire – 24 January 1907, Berlin) was a Moravian bibliographer and Orientalist. He received his early instruction in Hebrew from his father, Jacob Steinschneider ( 1782; ...

, ''Cat. Bodl.'' col. 2494. His daughter married R. Aaron Hart, the chief rabbi of the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Samuel Ben Uri Shraga Phoebus 17th-century Polish rabbis People from Fürth 17th-century German rabbis Year of death unknown Year of birth unknown Authors of books on Jewish law