Samuel Krauss ( Ukk, 18 February 1866 -

Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...

, 4 June 1948) was professor at the Jewish Teachers' Seminary,

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population o ...

, 1894–1906, and at the Jewish Theological Seminary,

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, 1906–1938. He moved to

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe ...

as a refugee and spent his last years at

. He was a contributor to the ''

Jewish Encyclopedia ''The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day'' is an English-language encyclopedia containing over 15,000 articles on th ...

'' as ''S. Kr.'' "Professor Krauss's scholarship encompassed every area of ancient

Judaism Judaism ( he, ''Yahăḏūṯ'') is an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion comprising the collective religious, cultural, and legal tradition and civilization of the Jewish people. It has its roots as an organized religion in th ...

." In 1910, he became a pioneer in

Talmud The Talmud (; he, , Talmūḏ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law ('' halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the ce ...

archaeology Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landsc ...

with the publication of ''Talmudische Archäologie'', which was reprinted in

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

in 1924. In 1998, his 1922 study of the ancient

synagogue A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of wor ...

, ''Synagogale Altertümer'', was still considered essential reading on the topic. In 1935 he published a comprehensive and detailed study of Biblical names of ninety eight then modern nations.

Notes

External links

University of Southampton Manuscripts Collection MS 163 and bio stubThree works of S. Krauss, and a 1936 Portrait by Lerch, Franz, 1895-1977, at cjh.org
1866 births 1948 deaths Hungarian Jews Hungarian encyclopedists Hungarian archaeologists Hungarian Hebraists Jewish emigrants from Austria to the United Kingdom after the Anschluss {{archaeologist-stub