Same-sex marriage in Michigan has been legal since the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in '' Obergefell v. Hodges'' on June 26, 2015. The U.S. state of

Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and t ...

had previously banned the recognition of same-sex unions in any form after a popular vote added an amendment to the

Constitution of Michigan The Constitution of the State of Michigan is the governing document of the U.S. state of Michigan. It describes the structure and function of the state's government. There have been four constitutions approved by the people of Michigan. The fi ...

in 2004. A

statute A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs the legal entities of a city, state, or country by way of consent. Typically, statutes command or prohibit something, or declare policy. Statutes are rules made by ...

enacted in 1996 also banned both the licensing of

same-sex marriage Same-sex marriage, also known as gay marriage, is the marriage of two people of the same sex or gender. marriage between same-sex couples is legally performed and recognized in 33 countries, with the most recent being Mexico, constituting ...

s and the recognition of same-sex marriages from other jurisdictions. On March 21, 2014, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan ruled the state's denial of marriage rights to same-sex couples unconstitutional. More than 300 same-sex couples married in Michigan the next day before the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals stayed enforcement of the district court's decision. On November 6, the Sixth Circuit reversed the lower court's ruling and upheld Michigan's ban on same-sex marriage. The state was ordered to recognize the 323 marriages performed on March 22, and the state announced it would not appeal that order.

Legal history

Statutes

In June 1995, the

Michigan House of Representatives The Michigan House of Representatives is the lower house of the Michigan Legislature. There are 110 members, each of whom is elected from constituencies having approximately 77,000 to 91,000 residents, based on population figures from the 201 ...

voted 88–14 to ban same-sex marriage in the state, and the Michigan State Senate voted 31–2 in favor. That same month, the House approved by a 74–28 vote a bill banning recognition of out-of-state same-sex marriages. The Senate also approved this bill.House OK's ban on gay marriages
/ref>State Senate OK's gay marriage, sends bill to Engler
/ref> Governor John Engler signed both bills into law.

Constitutional amendment

In 2004, voters approved a

constitutional amendment A constitutional amendment is a modification of the constitution of a polity, organization or other type of entity. Amendments are often interwoven into the relevant sections of an existing constitution, directly altering the text. Conversely, ...

, Michigan Proposal 04-2, that banned

and civil unions in the state. It passed with 58.6% of the vote. The Michigan Supreme Court later ruled that public employers in Michigan could not grant

domestic partnership A domestic partnership is a legal relationship, usually between couples, who live together and share a common domestic life, but are not married (to each other or to anyone else). People in domestic partnerships receive benefits that guarantee ...

benefits given the restrictions imposed by the amendment.

Lawsuits

''DeBoer v. Snyder''

On January 23, 2012, a

lesbian A lesbian is a Homosexuality, homosexual woman.Zimmerman, p. 453. The word is also used for women in relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior, regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate n ...

couple filed a

lawsuit - A lawsuit is a proceeding by a party or parties against another in the civil court of law. The archaic term "suit in law" is found in only a small number of laws still in effect today. The term "lawsuit" is used in reference to a civil act ...

, ''DeBoer v. Snyder'', in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, challenging the state's ban on adoption by same-sex couples. In August 2012, Judge Bernard A. Friedman invited the couple to amend their suit to challenge the state's ban on same-sex marriage, "the underlying issue". On March 7, 2013, Friedman announced that he would delay ruling pending the outcome of two same-sex marriage cases before the U.S. Supreme Court, '' United States v. Windsor'' and ''

Hollingsworth v. Perry ''Hollingsworth v. Perry'' was a series of United States federal court cases that re-legalized same-sex marriage in the state of California. The case began in 2009 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, which found th ...

''. Friedman held a trial from February 25 to March 7, 2014. On March 21, he ruled for the plaintiffs, ending Michigan's denial of marriage rights to same-sex couples.

Attorney General In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general or attorney-general (sometimes abbreviated AG or Atty.-Gen) is the main legal advisor to the government. The plural is attorneys general. In some jurisdictions, attorneys general also have exec ...

Bill Schuette William Duncan Schuette ( ; born October 13, 1953) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 53rd attorney general of Michigan from 2011 to 2019. He was the unsuccessful Republican nominee for Senate in 1990 and for Governor of M ...

immediately filed an emergency motion requesting a stay of the ruling. Four of Michigan's 83

county clerk A clerk is a white-collar worker who conducts general office tasks, or a worker who performs similar sales-related tasks in a retail environment. The responsibilities of clerical workers commonly include record keeping, filing, staffing service ...

s opened their offices on Saturday, March 22, to issue

marriage license A marriage license (or marriage licence in Commonwealth spelling) is a document issued, either by a religious organization or state authority, authorizing a couple to marry. The procedure for obtaining a license varies between jurisdiction ...

s to same-sex couples: Barbara Byrum of Ingham County, Nancy Waters of

Muskegon County Muskegon County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the population was 175,824. The county seat is Muskegon. Muskegon County comprises the Muskegon, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Grand Ra ...

, Lisa Brown of

Oakland County Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of the metropolitan Detroit area, located northwest of the city. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan ...

, and Lawrence Kestenbaum of Washtenaw County. The four counties issued 323 marriage licenses to same-sex couples that day. The Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals temporarily stayed enforcement of Friedman's ruling that same day, and stayed the ruling indefinitely on March 25. On March 28, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder announced that the

federal government A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government ( federalism). In a federation, the self-gover ...

would recognize the validity of the same-sex marriages licensed on March 22. On November 6, 2014, the Sixth Circuit reversed the lower court's ruling and upheld Michigan's ban on same-sex marriage. The case was later incorporated into '' Obergefell v. Hodges'' and decided along with several other Sixth Circuit court cases related to the legality of state bans on same-sex marriage. On June 26, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court handed down a ruling in favor of the plaintiffs and legalized same-sex marriage throughout the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

. The court held that the

Due Process Due process of law is application by state of all legal rules and principles pertaining to the case so all legal rights that are owed to the person are respected. Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual per ...

and Equal Protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment guarantee same-sex couples the right to marry. Governor Snyder issued the following statement, "Our state government will follow the law and our state agencies will make the necessary changes to ensure that we will fully comply.", and Attorney General Schuette said the state would "honor, respect and uphold the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States". Representative Debbie Dingell said, "Love is love. It's not ours to judge. Today the Supreme Court affirmed that individuals can love whomever they choose. I'm simply happy for my friends, April and Jayne, who have five wonderful children they want to be able to adopt and love. I can't wait to attend their wedding." State Senator Jim Ananich called it a "great day for everyone who believes in equal rights", and Representative Sander Levin said it was a "historic day, reflecting what each of us knows in our hearts and within our communities, we are all equal and should be able to marry who we love." Representatives

Brenda Lawrence Brenda Lulenar Lawrence (born October 18, 1954) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative from Michigan's 14th congressional district from 2015 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, Lawrence served as mayor of Southfie ...

and

John Conyers John James Conyers Jr. (May 16, 1929October 27, 2019) was an American politician of the Democratic Party who served as a U.S. representative from Michigan from 1965 to 2017. The districts he represented always included part of western Detroit ...

also welcomed the court decision. The Majority Leader of the Michigan Senate,

Arlan Meekhof Arlan B. Meekhof (born November 28, 1959) is an American Republican politician from Michigan formerly serving in the Michigan Senate and as that chamber's majority leader. He previously served two terms in the Michigan House of Representatives. ...

, said he was "disappointed" and "concerned by the Court's decision to disregard states' rights in favor of the federal government". Michigan's

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

bishops released a statement that the ruling would "have a significant ripple effect upon the first amendment right to religious liberty".

''Caspar v. Snyder''

Eight same-sex couples represented by the

American Civil Liberties Union The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a nonprofit organization founded in 1920 "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States". T ...

(ACLU) filed suit in U.S. district court on July 25, 2014, seeking recognition of their so-called "window marriages" established on March 21 and 22, 2014 before the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals stayed the district court's ruling in ''DeBoer''. The state had asked the district court to suspend proceedings pending final resolution of ''DeBoer'' or to find those marriages invalid. On January 15, 2015, U.S. District Judge

Mark A. Goldsmith Mark Allan Goldsmith (born August 1952) is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. Early life and education Born in Detroit, Goldsmith was a member of the first graduating clas ...

ruled that the state must recognize those marriages, but stayed implementation of his ruling for 21 days. He wrote: "In these circumstances, what the state has joined together, it may not put asunder." On February 4, Governor

Rick Snyder Richard Dale Snyder (born August 19, 1958) is an American business executive, venture capitalist, attorney, accountant, and politician who served as the 48th governor of Michigan from 2011 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party, Snyder previ ...

announced that the state would recognize those marriages and would not

appeal In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision. Appeals function both as a process for error correction as well as a process of clarifying and ...

the decision.

''Carrick v. Snyder''

In January 2015, Pastor Neil Patrick Carrick of

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ...

brought a case, '' Carrick v. Snyder'', against Michigan, arguing that the state's ban of same-sex marriage and

polygamy Crimes Polygamy (from Late Greek (') "state of marriage to many spouses") is the practice of marrying multiple spouses. When a man is married to more than one wife at the same time, sociologists call this polygyny. When a woman is marr ...

violated the Free Exercise and Equal Protection clauses of the U.S. Constitution. The case was dismissed for lack of standing in February 2016.

Developments after legalization

Following the 2022 elections, in which the Democratic Party won full control of the state government for the first time since 1983, some Democratic lawmakers said they were considering introducing a constitutional amendment to repeal the 2004 ban. Representative Jeremy Moss said, "Regardless of what happens with ''Obergefell'' in the future – which obviously, there is a threat it could be overturned – right now, we have unconstitutional language in our Constitution. ��We should be working now, as we should have been working, to repeal the language in our constitution that bans marriage equality." Attorney General

Dana Nessel Dana Michelle Nessel (born April 19, 1969) is an American politician and lawyer serving as the Michigan Attorney General#List of Attorneys General of Michigan, 54th Michigan Attorney General, Attorney General of Michigan since January 2019. She i ...

said she would push for such an amendment to be passed and placed on the

ballot A ballot is a device used to cast votes in an election and may be found as a piece of paper or a small ball used in secret voting. It was originally a small ball (see blackballing) used to record decisions made by voters in Italy around the 16 ...

for approval by voters.

Native American nations

Same-sex marriage is legal on the reservations of the Bay Mills Indian Community, the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, and the

Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians The Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians (pronounced "Soo Saint Marie", oj, Baawiting Anishinaabeg), commonly shortened to Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians or the more colloquial Soo Tribe, is a federally recognized Native American tribe in ...

, four federally recognized

Ojibwe The Ojibwe, Ojibwa, Chippewa, or Saulteaux are an Anishinaabe people in what is currently southern Canada, the northern Midwestern United States, and Northern Plains. According to the U.S. census, in the United States Ojibwe people are one of ...

tribes. The Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians was the first Native American tribe to legalize same-sex marriage in Michigan when its Tribal Council voted to legalize in March 2013. The Tribal Chairman, Dexter McNamara, signed the legislation on March 15, 2013, and the first couple, Tim LaCroix and Gene Barfield, were married near Harbor Springs that same day. The Tribal Code states: "Marriage means the legal and voluntary union of two persons to the exclusion of all others". The Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Tribal Council voted in November 2014 to hold a non-binding

referendum A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a Direct democracy, direct vote by the Constituency, electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a Representative democr ...

on legalizing same-sex marriage on the reservation. The referendum was held on December 13, 2014, and passed with 54% of the vote. Provisions permitting same-sex marriages to be performed were included into the Tribal Code after the Tribal Council approved the changes on June 6, 2015. The Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians legalized same-sex marriage on July 7, 2015, and the Bay Mills Executive Council approved a marriage ordinance permitting same-sex marriages to be solemnized on their reservation on July 8, 2019. Same-sex marriage has also been legal on the reservation of the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians since May 8, 2013. The first same-sex marriage was performed for Daniel Hossler and Enrico Perez in Dowagiac on June 20, 2013. Same-sex marriage has also been legal in the Hannahville Indian Community since August 3, 2015.

Potawatomi The Potawatomi , also spelled Pottawatomi and Pottawatomie (among many variations), are a Native American people of the western Great Lakes region, upper Mississippi River and Great Plains. They traditionally speak the Potawatomi language, a m ...

society has traditionally recognized

two-spirit Two-spirit (also two spirit, 2S or, occasionally, twospirited) is a modern, , umbrella term used by some Indigenous North Americans to describe Native people in their communities who fulfill a traditional third-gender (or other gender-varia ...

individuals who were born male but wore women's clothing and performed everyday household work and artistic handiwork which were regarded as belonging to the feminine sphere. Potawatomi two-spirit individuals, known as (, plural: ''mnedokwék''), "sought out female company" from an early age, possessed the "work skills" of both sexes, "talked like women", and were regarded as "esteemed persons with special spiritual powers".

Ruth Landes Ruth Landes (October 8, 1908 – February 11, 1991) was an American cultural anthropologist best known for studies on the Brazilian religion of Candomblé and her published study on the topic, ''City of Women'' (1947). Landes is recognized by so ...

reported in 1970 that they were "said to possess visions…but not to practice sorcery. 'Mnedokwék''exemplified a distinct category of 'power'." Two-spirit people are known in the

Ojibwe language Ojibwe , also known as Ojibwa , Ojibway, Otchipwe,R. R. Bishop Baraga, 1878''A Theoretical and Practical Grammar of the Otchipwe Language''/ref> Ojibwemowin, or Anishinaabemowin, is an indigenous language of North America of the Algonquian la ...

as (), or also as ''niizh manidoowag'' (). Many ''agokwe'' were wives in polygnyous households. This two-spirit status thus allowed for marriages between two biological males to be performed among the tribe.

Demographics and marriage statistics

Data from the

2000 U.S. census The United States census of 2000, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13.2 percent over the 248,709,873 people enumerated during the 1990 cen ...

showed that 15,368 same-sex couples were living in Michigan. By 2005, this had increased to more than 22,000 couples, likely attributed to same-sex couples' growing willingness to disclose their partnerships on government surveys. Same-sex couples lived in all counties of the state. Most couples lived in Wayne,

Oakland Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast port, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third largest city overall in the Bay ...

and Macomb counties, but the county with the highest percentage of same-sex couples was Washtenaw (0.7% of all county households). Same-sex partners in Michigan were on average younger than opposite-sex partners, and more likely to be employed. However, the average and median household incomes of same-sex couples were lower than different-sex couples, and same-sex couples were also far less likely to own a home than opposite-sex partners. 18% of same-sex couples in Michigan were raising children under the age of 18, with an estimated 7,800 children living in households headed by same-sex couples in 2005. 2019 estimates from the

United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of th ...

showed that there were 23,727 same-sex households in Michigan, representing about 0.6% of all households in the state. The bureau estimated that 53% of same-sex couples in the state were married.

Domestic partnerships

In May 2008, the Michigan Supreme Court held that the amendment added to the State Constitution in 2004 banned not only same-sex marriage and civil unions, but also public employee domestic partnership benefits such as

health insurance Health insurance or medical insurance (also known as medical aid in South Africa) is a type of insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical expenses. As with other types of insurance, risk is shared among m ...

. The ruling, however, had little effect since most public employers relaxed their eligibility criteria to avoid violating the amendment's restrictions. On September 15, 2011, the Michigan House of Representatives voted 64–44 to approve a bill that would have banned most public employers, though not colleges and universities, from offering

health care Health care or healthcare is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people. Health care is delivered by health pr ...

benefits to the domestic partners of their employees. It did not apply to workers whose benefits are established by the Michigan Civil Service Commission. On December 7, 2011, the Michigan State Senate approved the bill in a 27–9 vote. On December 22, 2011, Governor

signed the legislation into law. Five same-sex couples challenged the law in ''Bassett v. Snyder''. On June 28, 2013, U.S. District Judge David M. Lawson issued a preliminary

injunction An injunction is a legal and equitable remedy in the form of a special court order that compels a party to do or refrain from specific acts. ("The court of appeals ... has exclusive jurisdiction to enjoin, set aside, suspend (in whole or in p ...

blocking the state from enforcing its law banning local governments and school districts from offering health care benefits to their employees' domestic partners. He wrote: "It is hard to argue with a straight face that the primary purpose—indeed, perhaps the sole purpose—of the statute is other than to deny health benefits to the same-sex partners of public employees. But that can never be a legitimate governmental purpose". He rejected the state's arguments that "fiscal responsibility" was the law's rationale. On February 14, 2014, the state asked him to lift that preliminary injunction, repeating its arguments about the "fiscal insecurity of local governments" and eliminating "irrational and unfair" local programs. On November 12, 2014, Judge Lawson issued a permanent injunction barring the state from enforcing this law.

Local domestic partnerships

While there are no statewide recognition, these local governments recognize domestic partnerships:

Ann Arbor Anne, alternatively spelled Ann, is a form of the Latin female given name Anna. This in turn is a representation of the Hebrew Hannah, which means 'favour' or 'grace'. Related names include Annie. Anne is sometimes used as a male name in the ...

,Governments Offering Benefits
/ref>

, East Lansing, and

Kalamazoo Kalamazoo ( ) is a city in the southwest region of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Kalamazoo County. At the 2010 census, Kalamazoo had a population of 74,262. Kalamazoo is the major city of the Kalamazoo-Portage Metropo ...

, as well as Ingham, Washtenaw, and Wayne counties.

Public opinion

{, class="wikitable" , +style="font-size:100%" , Public opinion for same-sex marriage in Michigan , - ! style="width:190px;", Poll source ! style="width:200px;", Date(s)
administered ! class=small , Sample
size ! Margin of
error ! style="width:100px;", % support ! style="width:100px;", % opposition ! style="width:40px;", % no opinion ! style="width:40px;", % refused , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
March 8–November 9, 2021
, align=center, ? , align=center, ? , align=center, 70% , align=center, 28% , align=center, 2% , align=center, - , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
January 7–December 20, 2020
, align=center, 1,670 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 67% , align=center, 29% , align=center, 4% , align=center, - , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
April 5–December 23, 2017
, align=center, 2,348 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 63% , align=center, 29% , align=center, 8% , align=center, - , -
American Values Atlas/Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
May 18, 2016–January 10, 2017
, align=center, 2,997 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 56% , align=center, 36% , align=center, 8% , align=center, - , -
American Values Atlas/Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
April 29, 2015–January 7, 2016
, align=center, 2,379 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 54% , align=center, 38% , align=center, 8% , align=center, - , -
New York Times/CBS News/YouGov
, align=center, September 20–October 1, 2014 , align=center, 2,560 likely voters , align=center, ± 2.4% , align=center, ''47%'' , align=center, 39% , align=center, 14% , align=center, - , -
EPIC-MRA
, align=center, September 25–29, 2014 , align=center, 600 adults , align=center, ± 4% , align=center, ''47%'' , align=center, ''47%'' , align=center, 6% , align=center, - , -
EPIC-MRA
, align=center, May 17–20, 2014 , align=center, 600 likely voters , align=center, ± 4% , align=center, ''47%'' , align=center, 46% , align=center, 7% , align=center, - , -
American Values Atlas/Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
April 2, 2014–January 4, 2015
, align=center, 1,670 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 55% , align=center, 37% , align=center, 5% , align=center, - , -
Marketing Resource Group of Lansing
, align=center, March 2014 , align=center, ? , align=center, ? , align=center, 45% , align=center, 50% , align=center, 5% , align=center, - , -

, align=center, December 16, 2013–February 10, 2014 , align=center, 1,008 adults , align=center, ± 3.1% , align=center, 54% , align=center, 36% , align=center, - , align=center, - , -
Glengariff Group Inc.
, align=center, January 29–February 1, 2014 , align=center, 600 likely voters , align=center, ± 4% , align=center, 56.2% , align=center, 33.8% , align=center, - , align=center, - , -
Glengariff Group Inc.
, align=center, May 8–10, 2013 , align=center, 600 voters , align=center, ± 4% , align=center, 56.8% , align=center, 37.6% , align=center, 5.6% , align=center, - , -
EPIC-MRA
, align=center, May 2013 , align=center, 600 likely voters , align=center, ± 4% , align=center, 51% , align=center, 41% , align=center, 8% , align=center, - , -
State of the State Survey
, align=center, June 12–August 13, 2012 , align=center, 1,015 adults , align=center, ? , align=center, 56% , align=center, 39% , align=center, 5% , align=center, - , -
Public Policy Polling
, align=center, May 24–27, 2012 , align=center, 500 voters , align=center, ± 4.4% , align=center, 41% , align=center, ''45%'' , align=center, 14% , align=center, - , -
Glengariff Group Inc.
, align=center, May 10–11, 2012 , align=center, 600 likely voters , align=center, ± 4% , align=center, ''44.3%'' , align=center, 43.7% , align=center, 11% , align=center, 1% , -
Public Policy Polling
, align=center, July 21–24, 2011 , align=center, 593 voters , align=center, ± 4% , align=center, 33% , align=center, 53% , align=center, 14% , align=center, - , -
Glengariff Group Inc.
, align=center, January 2011 , align=center, ? , align=center, ? , align=center, 38.5% , align=center, 50.2% , align=center, 11.3% , align=center, - , -
State of the State Survey
, align=center, 2010 , align=center, ? , align=center, ? , align=center, 48% , align=center, 51% , align=center, 1% , align=center, - , -
Glengariff Group Inc.
, align=center, October 2004 , align=center, ? , align=center, ? , align=center, 24% , align=center, 61% , align=center, 15% , align=center, - , -

References

{{Same-sex marriage in the United States LGBT rights in Michigan

2014 in LGBT history 2015 in LGBT history 2014 in Michigan 2015 in Michigan