Same-sex marriage in Alaska has been legally recognized since October 12, 2014, with an interruption from October 15 to 17 while state officials sought without success to delay the implementation of a federal court ruling. The

U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska The United States District Court for the District of Alaska (in case citations, D. Alaska) is a federal court in the Ninth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the F ...

held on October 12 in the case of ''Hamby v. Parnell'' that

Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., ...

's statutory and constitutional bans on

same-sex marriage Same-sex marriage, also known as gay marriage, is the marriage of two people of the same Legal sex and gender, sex or gender. marriage between same-sex couples is legally performed and recognized in 33 countries, with the most recent being ...

violated the

Due Process Due process of law is application by state of all legal rules and principles pertaining to the case so all legal rights that are owed to the person are respected. Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual pers ...

and Equal Protection clauses of the

U.S. Constitution The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America. It superseded the Articles of Confederation, the nation's first constitution, in 1789. Originally comprising seven articles, it delineates the natio ...

. On October 15, state officials obtained a two-day stay from the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, which the

U.S. Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...

refused to extend on October 17. Although Alaska is one of a few states which enforces a three-day waiting period between requesting a

marriage license A marriage license (or marriage licence in Commonwealth spelling) is a document issued, either by a religious organization or state authority, authorizing a couple to marry. The procedure for obtaining a license varies between jurisdiction ...

and conducting a marriage ceremony, at least one same-sex couple had the waiting period waived immediately after the district court's ruling. They married in Utqiagvik on October 13 and were the first same-sex couple to marry in Alaska.

Legal history

Statute

After the Hawaii Supreme Court seemed poised to legalize

same-sex marriage in Hawaii Same-sex marriage in Hawaii has been legal since December 2, 2013. The Hawaii State Legislature held a special session beginning on October 28, 2013, and passed the ''Hawaii Marriage Equality Act'' legalizing same-sex marriage. Governor of Hawaii ...

in '' Baehr v. Miike'' in 1993, Representative

Norm Rokeberg H. Norman "Norm" Rokeberg (born January 4, 1943) was an American politician and businessman. Born in Seattle, Washington, Rokeberg graduated from Anchorage High School in Anchorage, Alaska in 1961. He then served in the United States Army fro ...

introduced legislation (''House Bill 227'') to the Alaska House of Representatives in March 1995 to add language restricting

marriage Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognized union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children, and between ...

to "the union of one man and one woman" in state

statute A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs the legal entities of a city, state, or country by way of consent. Typically, statutes command or prohibit something, or declare policy. Statutes are rules made by le ...

s. The bill passed the House in February 1996. In March 1996, Senator Lynda Green introduced ''Senate Bill 30'' in the

Alaska Senate The Alaska State Senate is the upper house in the Alaska Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. It convenes in the Alaska State Capitol in Juneau, Alaska and is responsible for making laws and confirming or rejecting gub ...

, which restricted marriage to "a civil contract between one man and one woman" and forbade the recognition of same-sex marriages performed elsewhere. It passed the Senate and the House shortly thereafter. Governor Tony Knowles did not veto the bill, but allowed it to become law without his signature on May 6, 1996. In February 2016, a bill to codify same-sex marriage in state statutes was introduced to the Alaska Legislature. It would have replaced "husband and wife" with the gender-neutral term "spouses" across Alaska statutes. Representative

Andy Josephson Andrew Lewis Josephson (born July 15, 1964) is a member of the Alaska House of Representatives. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Personal life and education Josephson graduated from Whitman College in 1986 with a bachelor's degree in hist ...

said that '' Obergefell v. Hodges'', the U.S. Supreme Court decision legalizing same-sex marriage, was "not reflected in state laws". The bill died without a vote. A similar bill was introduced in January 2017, but also died without a vote.

Constitution

In 1998, the Alaska Legislature passed Ballot Measure 2, a

constitutional amendment A constitutional amendment is a modification of the constitution of a polity, organization or other type of entity. Amendments are often interwoven into the relevant sections of an existing constitution, directly altering the text. Conversely, t ...

banning same-sex marriage, which was approved in a popular referendum on November 3, 1998. The amendment passed with 68% in favor and 32% opposed. The Alaska Civil Liberties Union attempted to prevent the referendum from proceeding, but in August 1998 the

Alaska Superior Court The Alaska Court System is the unified, centrally administered, and totally state-funded judicial system for the state of Alaska. The Alaska District Courts are the primary misdemeanor trial courts, the Alaska Superior Courts are the primary felony ...

held that the proposed referendum and accompanying ballot description were legally permissible. Representative Andy Josephson filed a bill to repeal the ban in January 2023, which if approved would be presented to voters in November 2024. Citing the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in ''

Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization ''Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization'', , is a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the court held that the Constitution of the United States does not confer a right to abortion. The court's decision overruled both ''R ...

'', which overturned ''

Roe v. Wade ''Roe v. Wade'', 410 U.S. 113 (1973),. was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Constitution of the United States conferred the right to have an abortion. The decision struck down many federal and st ...

'', in June 2022, Josephson said, "The Supreme Court for the first time in history, has removed civil rights. And we would be foolish to just watch them do it and not intervene to protect the civil liberties of our own citizens."

Lawsuits

''Brause v. Alaska''

In August 1994, Jay Brause and Gene Dugan, a same-sex couple from

Anchorage Anchorage () is the largest city in the U.S. state of Alaska by population. With a population of 291,247 in 2020, it contains nearly 40% of the state's population. The Anchorage metropolitan area, which includes Anchorage and the neighboring Ma ...

, filed an application for a

, which was denied by the Alaska Office of Vital Statistics. They filed suit in the Alaska Superior Court, arguing that their rights to privacy and equal protectionboth of which are referenced in the

Alaska Constitution The Constitution of the State of Alaska was ratified on April 4, 1956 and took effect with Alaska's admission to the United States as a U.S. state on January 3, 1959. History and background The statehood movement In the 1940s, the movement for ...

were violated by the office's refusal to allow them to marry. Superior Court Judge Peter Michalski ruled in February 1998 that "marriage, i.e., the recognition of one's choice of a life partner, is a fundamental right" and that "the state must...have a compelling interest that supports its decision to refuse to recognize the exercise of this fundamental right by those who choose same-sex partners rather than opposite-sex partners." Although the decision favored a right to same-sex marriage, it did not legalize the practice in the state or abolish Alaska's statutory ban on same-sex marriage. Rather, Judge Michalski directed the parties to set further hearings to determine whether a compelling state interest could be shown for Alaska's ban on same-sex marriage. Following the passage of Measure 2 in November 1998, the Alaska Supreme Court invalidated Brause and Dugan's claims, overturned the Superior Court's ruling in ''Brause'', and dismissed the suit. Brause and Dugan were married in Alaska 21 years later, on September 19, 2015, after the state's same-sex marriage ban was struck down in federal district court. Their wedding was held at the

Pioneer School House Background In the 1914-1915 Anchorage's population grew quickly when workmen and their families moved to the area to work on building the Alaska Railroad. In 1915 Frederick Mears' wife, Jane Mears, organized the Anchorage Woman's Club specifically ...

in Anchorage. The couple married in

Portland Portland most commonly refers to: * Portland, Oregon, the largest city in the state of Oregon, in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States * Portland, Maine, the largest city in the state of Maine, in the New England region of the northeas ...

, Oregon in 2004 after Multnomah County began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples, but the marriage was later annulled by the Oregon Supreme Court. They also held marriage ceremonies in South Africa in 2006 and in Yukon in 2007.

''Schmidt and Schuh v. Alaska''

On April 25, 2014, the Alaska Supreme Court ruled that the state must provide property tax exemptions to same-sex couples just as to married opposite-sex couples. The decision said: "For purposes of analyzing the effects of the exemption program, we hold that committed same-sex domestic partners who would enter into marriages recognized in Alaska if they could are similarly situated to those opposite-sex couples who, by marrying, have entered into domestic partnerships formally recognized in Alaska". On July 25, it ruled that denying survivor benefits to a deceased person's same-sex partner violated the survivor's right to equal protection.

''Hamby v. Parnell''

On May 12, 2014, five same-sex couples filed a

lawsuit - A lawsuit is a proceeding by a party or parties against another in the civil court of law. The archaic term "suit in law" is found in only a small number of laws still in effect today. The term "lawsuit" is used in reference to a civil actio ...

in federal district court, challenging the state's same-sex marriage ban. The suit named Governor

Sean Parnell Sean Randall Parnell (born November 19, 1962) is an American attorney and politician. He succeeded Sarah Palin in July 2009 to become the tenth governor of Alaska and served until 2014.Tenth Amendment The Tenth Amendment (Amendment X) to the United States Constitution, a part of the Bill of Rights, was ratified on December 15, 1791. It expresses the principle of federalism, also known as states' rights, by stating that the federal governmen ...

to the

"Alaska has the right as a sovereign state to define and regulate marriage" and "Alaska voters had a fundamental right to decide the important public policy issue of whether to alter the traditional definition of marriage as between one man and one woman." District Court Judge

Timothy Burgess Timothy Mark Burgess (born August 11, 1956) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Alaska. He served as the District of Alaska's U.S. Attorney from 2001 to 2005. Education and career Bur ...

heard oral arguments on October 10. On October 12, 2014, less than a week after the

declined to review similar cases from the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, ''

Latta v. Otter ''Latta v. Otter'' is a case initiated in 2013 in U.S. federal court by plaintiffs seeking to prevent the state of Idaho from enforcing its ban on same-sex marriage. The plaintiffs won in U.S. District Court. The case was appealed to the Ninth Cir ...

'' and ''

Sevcik v. Sandoval ''Sevcik v. Sandoval'' is the lead case that successfully challenged Nevada's denial of same-sex marriage as mandated by that state's constitution and statutory law. The plaintiffs' complaint was initially filed in the U.S. District Court for t ...

'', Judge Burgess ruled for the plaintiffs and declared Alaska's statutory and constitutional bans on same-sex marriage unconstitutional. He issued an

injunction An injunction is a legal and equitable remedy in the form of a special court order that compels a party to do or refrain from specific acts. ("The court of appeals ... has exclusive jurisdiction to enjoin, set aside, suspend (in whole or in pa ...

effective immediately. The same day, Governor Parnell announced that he would

appeal In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision. Appeals function both as a process for error correction as well as a process of clarifying and ...

the ruling and "defend our constitution". The head of the state Bureau of Vital Statistics commented: "The license application begins the three-day waiting period before the license can be issued. All marriages in Alaska must have the marriage license issued before the ceremony is performed. We expect our office will be busy tomorrow ctober 13but we will make every effort to help customers as quickly as possible." In Utqiagvik, Magistrate Mary Treiber waived the state's three-day waiting period and married Kristine Hilderbrand and Sarah Ellis on October 13. They were the first same-sex couple to marry in Alaska. On October 13, the state asked the district court to issue a stay pending appeal, which was denied. On October 15, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals denied the state's request for an indefinite stay, granting instead a temporary stay until October 17 to allow Alaska to attempt to obtain a longer stay from the U.S. Supreme Court. The Supreme Court denied a stay and same-sex couples resumed obtaining marriage licenses following the dissolution of the Ninth Circuit's temporary stay on October 17. On October 22, the appellants asked the Ninth Circuit for an initial hearing '' en banc''. This request was denied on November 18, when no circuit judge called for a vote on the motion within the time period set by circuit rules. On December 4, Attorney General

Craig W. Richards Craig W. Richards (born 1975) was the Attorney General of Alaska. He was nominated for the position by his former law partner, Governor of Alaska, Governor Bill Walker (American politician), Bill Walker in December 2014. Richards was born in Fa ...

was reported to be reviewing the case. Governor

Bill Walker Bill Walker may refer to: Australian rules football * Bill A. Walker (1886–1934), Australian rules footballer for Essendon * Bill Walker (Australian footballer, born 1883) (1883–1971), Australian rules footballer for Fitzroy * Bill J. V. Wal ...

, who took office on December 1, said in a statement that he opposed spending on litigation with little chance of success. On February 9, 2015, the state asked the Ninth Circuit to stay proceedings pending action by the U.S. Supreme Court in '' Obergefell v. Hodges''. The court did so on February 27. Following the ruling in ''Obergefell'' legalizing same-sex marriage nationwide in the United States on June 26, 2015, the Ninth Circuit accepted on July 1 a joint notice to dismiss the appeal, filed by the state and the plaintiffs.

''Smith v. Dunleavy et al''

In 2019, Denali Nicole Smith filed suit in federal district court, alleging that the state was unlawfully enforcing statutes barring the recognition of same-sex marriages. Attorneys for Smith say that she was denied application for a state oil-wealth fund check, the

Permanent Fund Dividend The Alaska Permanent Fund (APF) is a constitutionally established permanent fund managed by a state-owned corporation, the Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation (APFC). It was established in Alaska in 1976 by Article 9, Section 15 of the Alaska State ...

(PFD), because of her same-sex marriage. The lawsuit named Governor Mike Dunleavy and Attorney General

Kevin Clarkson Kevin G. Clarkson (born April 27, 1959) is an American attorney from the state of Alaska who was the 32nd Alaska Attorney General from 2018 to 2020. Early life and career After earning a Bachelor of Arts degree from Oregon State University, Cl ...

as defendants. In response, Governor Dunleavy said that "despite recent media reports to the contrary, neither the State of Alaska nor the Department of Revenue have a policy of denying PFDs based on same-sex marital status. The State's policy is that the unconstitutional statute currently on the books is not enforced, and if an individual is eligible under all the lawful criteria, he or she will receive a PFD." Attorney General Clarkson similarly stated that Smith should be eligible for a PFD, and the Department of Law opened an investigation into the case. Nicole Smith

settled A settler is a person who has migrated to an area and established a permanent residence there, often to colonize the area. A settler who migrates to an area previously uninhabited or sparsely inhabited may be described as a pioneer. Settle ...

with the state, and the case was dismissed with prejudice by Judge

H. Russel Holland Hezekiah Russel Holland (born September 18, 1936) is an American lawyer and jurist who serves as a senior United States district judge on the United States District Court for the District of Alaska. Education and career Born in Pontiac, Michiga ...

on April 15, 2021.

Alaska Native tribal entities

The Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska become the first tribal government in Alaska to legalize same-sex marriage, when its governing board voted unanimously in February 2015 to legalize same-sex marriage on their sovereign lands. The Council will also be responsible for any related divorces that may arise. Alaska is home to many indigenous peoples, several of whom have traditions of two-spirit individuals who were born male but wore women's clothing and performed everyday household work and artistic handiwork which were regarded as belonging to the feminine sphere. This two-spirit status allowed for marriages between two biological males or two biological females to be performed among some of these tribes. On the Pacific Northwest Coast, many indigenous peoples recognize such two-spirit individuals. The Tlingit refer to them as (), the

Haida people Haida (, hai, X̱aayda, , , ) are an indigenous group who have traditionally occupied , an archipelago just off the coast of British Columbia, Canada, for at least 12,500 years. The Haida are known for their craftsmanship, trading skills, and ...

as (), and the Tsimshian as (). Among the Aleut, an indigenous people living on the Aleutian Islands, two-spirit individuals wore women's clothing and "copied all aspects of the feminine role", with such authenticity that "strangers to the tribe were not able to distinguish them from biological women". They are known in their language as (). Marriages between ''ayagigux̂'' and cisgender men, often a tribal chief, were commonplace, suggesting that such marriages had prestige value, "The husband regarded his ''ayagigux̂'' as a major social accomplishment, and the family profited from association with their new wealthy in-law." Wealthy Aleut men usually maintained polygynous marriages, and so it is likely that the ''ayagigux̂'' were not exclusive wives, but rather part of a polygynous marital relationship. Among the Yup'ik, male-bodied two-spirit people are known as (, while female-bodied two-spirit people are known as (). On

St. Lawrence Island St. Lawrence Island ( ess, Sivuqaq, russian: Остров Святого Лаврентия, Ostrov Svyatogo Lavrentiya) is located west of mainland Alaska in the Bering Sea, just south of the Bering Strait. The village of Gambell, located on t ...

, two-spirit individuals, known as (), wore women's clothing and occupied a cultural position as shamans, and were "regarded as especially powerful". The ''anasik'' were believed to marry either men or women. The Alutiiq living on Kodiak Island believed that two-spirit individuals, known as (), were "two persons united in one", that they were more gifted than ordinary people and more skilled "at the respective tasks of both sexes than either men or women". The ''arnauciq'' probably did not wear women's clothing, but rather men's clothing.

Demographics and marriage statistics

Data from the

2000 U.S. census The United States census of 2000, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13.2 percent over the 248,709,873 people enumerated during the 1990 cen ...

showed that 1,180 same-sex couples were living in Alaska. By 2005, this had increased to 1,644 couples, likely attributed to same-sex couples' growing willingness to disclose their partnerships on government surveys. Same-sex couples lived in all boroughs and census areas of the state, and constituted 0.9% of coupled households and 0.5% of all households in the state. Most couples lived in

, Fairbanks North Star and Matanuska-Susitna boroughs, but the regions with the highest percentage of same-sex couples were Denali (0.9% of all county households) and

Bethel Bethel ( he, בֵּית אֵל, translit=Bēṯ 'Ēl, "House of El" or "House of God",Bleeker and Widegren, 1988, p. 257. also transliterated ''Beth El'', ''Beth-El'', ''Beit El''; el, Βαιθήλ; la, Bethel) was an ancient Israelite sanct ...

(0.8%). Same-sex partners in Alaska were on average younger than opposite-sex partners, and more likely to be employed. However, the average and median household incomes of same-sex couples were lower than different-sex couples, and same-sex couples were also far less likely to own a home than opposite-sex partners. More than 44% of same-sex couples in Alaska were raising children under the age of 18, with an estimated 1,335 children living in households headed by same-sex couples in 2005. At least 560 same-sex marriages had been conducted in Alaska by the end of 2021. The

2020 U.S. census The United States census of 2020 was the twenty-fourth decennial United States census. Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2020. Other than a pilot study during the 2000 census, this was the first U.S. census to of ...

asked citizens whether they were living with a "same-sex husband/wife/spouse", with the demographic results of the census scheduled to be released in May 2023.

State employee benefits and partnerships

''Alaska Civil Liberties Union v. Alaska''

On October 28, 2005, the Supreme Court of Alaska ruled in '' Alaska Civil Liberties Union v. Alaska'' that state and local government programs violated the Alaska Constitution's equal protection provision by extending benefits to public employees' spouses but denying these same benefits to employees' domestic partners. The court held the programs unconstitutional because they denied benefits to people who are precluded, under Alaska's marriage laws, from becoming eligible to receive them. On November 17, 2006, the Alaska House of Representatives voted 24–10 in favor of legislation ordering a non-binding referendum for a constitutional amendment to deny benefits to the same-sex partners of state employees. On November 20, the Alaska Senate passed the bill in a 12–3 vote, and Governor

Sarah Palin Sarah Louise Palin (; Heath; born February 11, 1964) is an American politician, commentator, author, and reality television personality who served as the ninth governor of Alaska from 2006 until her resignation in 2009. She was the 2008 R ...

signed it into law on December 20. On April 3, 2007, Alaska voters, with 52.8% in favor and 48.8% opposed, directed the Alaska Legislature to put a constitutional amendment denying benefits to the same-sex partners of state employees on the ballot. A bill to place such an amendment on the November 2008 ballot stalled, and was eventually never voted on. Since January 1, 2007, Alaska has provided some limited benefits to the same-sex partners of state employees.

Domestic partnerships

The city of

Juneau The City and Borough of Juneau, more commonly known simply as Juneau ( ; tli, Dzánti K'ihéeni ), is the capital city of the state of Alaska. Located in the Gastineau Channel and the Alaskan panhandle, it is a unified municipality and the se ...

provides

domestic partnership A domestic partnership is a legal relationship, usually between couples, who live together and share a common domestic life, but are not married (to each other or to anyone else). People in domestic partnerships receive benefits that guarantee r ...

benefits to same-sex couples.

Public opinion

Opinion polls show that a majority of Alaskans support same-sex marriage. A December 2016 survey conducted by the Alaska Survey Research for the '' Anchorage Dispatch News'' showed that 69% of Alaskans supported same-sex marriage, while 23.5% were opposed and 7.5% were undecided. Support was strongest in

Southeast Alaska Southeast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska(n) Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east and north by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia (and a small part ...

at 76.3%, and in

at 75.8%. 85.4% of Democrats supported same-sex marriage, while 13% were opposed, and 49.8% of

Republicans Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

supported it, with 40.9% opposed. {, class="wikitable" , +style="font-size:100%" , Public opinion for same-sex marriage in Alaska , - ! style="width:190px;", Poll source ! style="width:200px;", Date(s)
administered ! class=small , Sample
size ! Margin of
error ! style="width:100px;", % support ! style="width:100px;", % opposition ! style="width:40px;", % no opinion , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
March 8–November 9, 2021
, align=center, ? , align=center, ? , align=center, 72% , align=center, 28% , align=center, <0.5% , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
January 7–December 20, 2020
, align=center, 186 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 93% , align=center, 3% , align=center, 4% , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
April 5–December 23, 2017
, align=center, 287 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 57% , align=center, 34% , align=center, 9% , -
Alaska Survey Research/Alaska Dispatch
, align=center , December 2016 , align=center , 750 random telephone
interviewees , align=center , ± 3.6% , align=center, 69% , align=center, 23.5% , align=center, 7.5% , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
May 18, 2016–January 10, 2017
, align=center, 573 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 54% , align=center, 36% , align=center, 10% , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
April 29, 2015–January 7, 2016
, align=center, 710 random telephone
interviewees , align=center, ? , align=center, 60% , align=center, 34% , align=center, 6% , - , rowspan=3 colspan=1
Edison Research
, rowspan=3 colspan=1 align=center , November 4, 2014 , rowspan=3 colspan=1 align=center , ? , rowspan=3 colspan=1 align=center , ? , align=center, 55% , align=center, 41% , align=center, 4% , - , align=center, 56% , align=center, 41% , align=center, 3% , - , align=center, 56% , align=center, 41% , align=center, 3% , - , align
New York Times/CBS News/YouGov
, align=center, September 20–October 1, 2014 , align=center, 593 likely voters , align=center, ± 5% , align=center, 50% , align=center, 36% , align=center, 14% , -
Public Policy Polling
, align=center, July 31–August 3, 2014 , align=center, 673 voters , align=center, ± 3.8% , align=center, ''49%'' , align=center, 45% , align=center, 6% , -
Public Policy Polling
, align=center, May 8–11, 2014 , align=center, 582 registered voters , align=center, ± 4.1% , align=center, 52% , align=center, 43% , align=center, 5% , -
Public Religion Research Institute
, align=center
April 2, 2014–January 4, 2015
, align=center, 338 , align=center, ? , align=center, 54% , align=center, 35% , align=center, 11% , -
Public Policy Polling
, align=center, January 30–February 1, 2014 , align=center, 850 registered voters , align=center, ± 3.4% , align=center, ''47%'' , align=center, 46% , align=center, 7% , -
Public Policy Polling
, align=center, February 4–5, 2013 , align=center, 1,129 voters , align=center, ± 2.9% , align=center, 43% , align=center, 51% , align=center, 6% , -

Notes

References

{{Same-sex marriage in the United States 2014 in LGBT history 2014 in Alaska LGBT in Alaska Alaska