Salzburg (, ; bar, Soizbuag, label=

Austro-Bavarian Bavarian (german: Bairisch , Bavarian: ''Boarisch'') or alternately Austro-Bavarian, is a West Germanic language, part of the Upper German family, together with Alemannic and East Franconian. Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million peo ...

) (also known as ''Salzburgerland'') is a state (''Land'') of the modern Republic of

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

. It is officially named ''Land Salzburg'' to distinguish it from its eponymous capital — the city of

Salzburg Salzburg (, ; literally "Salt-Castle"; bar, Soizbuag, label=Austro-Bavarian) is the fourth-largest city in Austria. In 2020, it had a population of 156,872. The town is on the site of the Roman settlement of ''Iuvavum''. Salzburg was founded ...

. For centuries, it was an independent Prince-Bishopric of the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 unt ...

Geography

Location

The state of Salzburg covers area of . It stretches along its main river — the Salzach – which rises in the Central Eastern Alps in the south to the

Alpine foothills The Alpine foothills, or Prealps (german: Voralpen; french: Préalpes; it, Prealpi; ), may refer generally to any foothills at the base of the Alps in Europe. They are the transition zone between the High Alps and the Swiss Plateau and the Bavar ...

in the north. It is located in the north-west of Austria, close to the border with the

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

state of

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total l ...

; to the northeast lies the state of

Upper Austria Upper Austria (german: Oberösterreich ; bar, Obaöstareich) is one of the nine states or of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, an ...

; to the east the state of

Styria Styria (german: Steiermark ; Serbo-Croatian and sl, ; hu, Stájerország) is a state (''Bundesland'') in the southeast of Austria. With an area of , Styria is the second largest state of Austria, after Lower Austria. Styria is bordered ...

; to the south the states of

Carinthia Carinthia (german: Kärnten ; sl, Koroška ) is the southernmost Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The main language is German. Its regional dialects belong to the Southern Bavarian group. Carin ...

and

Tyrol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...

. With 529,085 inhabitants, it is one of the country's smaller states in terms of population. Running through the south are the main ranges of the Alpine divide (incl. the

Hohe Tauern The High Tauern ( pl.; german: Hohe Tauern, it, Alti Tauri) are a mountain range on the main chain of the Central Eastern Alps, comprising the highest peaks east of the Brenner Pass. The crest forms the southern border of the Austrian states of ...

mountains) with numerous

three-thousander Three-thousanders are mountains with a height of between , but less than above sea level. Similar terms are commonly used for mountains of other height brackets e. g. four-thousanders or eight-thousanders. In Britain, the term may refer to mo ...

s. The Dachstein massif and the

Berchtesgaden Alps The Berchtesgaden Alps (german: Berchtesgadener Alpen) are a mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps, named after the market town of Berchtesgaden located in the centre. The central part belongs to the Berchtesgadener Land district of sou ...

ranges of the Northern Limestone Alps border Salzburg Land to the east and north.

Regions

The state is traditionally subdivided in five major regions ('' Gaue''), congruent with its political districts ('' Bezirke'', see administrative divisions). Bezirke Salzburg mit Namen

*In the northern part: ** Flachgau (Salzburg city and environs), the flat (german: flach) Salzburg Basin around the confluence of Salzach and

Saalach The Saalach is a river in Austria and Germany, and a left tributary of the Salzach. Course The river begins, as the stream, in the Austrian state of Tyrol in the Kitzbühel Alps at the lake below the high Gamshag. From there it flows ini ...

, stretching from the slopes of the Salzkammergut Mountains in the east to the Untersberg massif and the Chiemgau Alps in the west. **

Tennengau The Bezirk Hallein is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Tennengau region. Area of the district is 668.31 km², with a population of 54,282 (May 15, 2001), and populati ...

(district capital Hallein), named after the Tennen Mountains, including the broad Salzach Valley south of Salzburg and the surrounding ranges of the Limestone Alps. *The southern, mountainous (colloquially ''Innergebirg'') part is divided into: ** Pinzgau ( Zell am See) in the southwest, **

Pongau The Bezirk Sankt Johann im Pongau is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Pongau region. Area of the district is 1,755.37 km², with a population of 77,872 (May 15, 2001) ...

( Sankt Johann im Pongau) on Salzach and Enns, and **

Lungau Bezirk Tamsweg is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria. It is congruent with the Lungau region (). The administrative centre of the district is Tamsweg. Geography The area of the Lungau plateau is 1, ...

( Tamsweg) in the southeast, separated by the Niedere Tauern range.

Major cities and towns

Salzburg municipalities with

town privileges Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the traditio ...

: *

Salzburg city (pop. 148,521) * Hallein (Austria) Coat of Arms CoA

Hallein (20,022) * AUT Saalfelden COA

Saalfelden (16,046) * Wappen at st johann

Sankt Johann im Pongau (10,740) * AT Bischofshofen COA

Bischofshofen (10,352) * AUT Zell am See COA

Zell am See (9,683) * Wappen at seekirchen

Seekirchen Seekirchen am Wallersee (simply known as Seekirchen) is a town in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. History The territory was settled 5,000 years ago and is the oldest Austrian settlement that still exists toda ...

(9,945) *

Neumarkt am Wallersee Neumarkt am Wallersee is a town in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Origins The origins of the city are in 1240, with the Archbishop Erberhard II of Salzburg. Population Neumarkt am Wallersee has a popu ...

(5,846) *

Oberndorf bei Salzburg Oberndorf bei Salzburg ( Central Bavarian: ''Owerndorf ba Såizburg'') is a small city in the Austrian state of Salzburg, about 17 km (11 mi) north of the City of Salzburg. It is situated on the river Salzach in the Flachgau district. ...

(5,600) *

Mittersill (5,443) * AUT Radstadt COA

Radstadt (4,864) Wals-Siezenheim, a common municipality with about 12,000 inhabitants, is known as 'Austria's largest village'.

History

Salt Salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in the form of a natural crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite. Salt is present in vast quant ...

has played an important role in the region's development; ''Salzburg'' means "salt castle".

Salzburg as an independent state

Independence from

was secured in the late 14th century. The

Archbishopric of Salzburg The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (german: Fürsterzbistum Salzburg; Erzstift Salzburg; Erzbistum Salzburg) was an ecclesiastical principality and state of the Holy Roman Empire. It comprised the secular territory ruled by the archbishops o ...

was an independent prince-bishopric and State of the

until

German Mediatisation German mediatisation (; german: deutsche Mediatisierung) was the major territorial restructuring that took place between 1802 and 1814 in Germany and the surrounding region by means of the mass mediatisation and secularisation of a large numbe ...

in 1803.

Electorate of Salzburg

The territory was secularized and, as the Electorate of Salzburg, given as compensation to Ferdinand III, former Grand Duke of

Tuscany it, Toscano (man) it, Toscana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Citizenship , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = Italian , demogra ...

, the brother of Emperor Francis II.

The end of independence

Following the Austrian defeat at Austerlitz in 1805, Salzburg was annexed by Austria as compensation for the loss of

to the

Kingdom of Bavaria The Kingdom of Bavaria (german: Königreich Bayern; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German ...

, and Ferdinand was transferred to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg.

Bavarian Salzburg

After Austria's defeat in 1809, the province was handed over to

in 1810.

The country divided between Bavaria and Austria

In 1816, following the defeat of

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...

and the provision of adequate compensation to Bavaria at the

Congress of Vienna The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon ...

, it was returned to Austria with the exception of the north-western

Rupertiwinkel The Rupertiwinkel is a small historic region on the southeastern border of Bavaria, Germany. Part of the Archbishopric of Salzburg until the early 19th century, it is named after the first Salzburg bishop Saint Rupert (c.660–710), apostle to th ...

which remained Bavarian. The Salzburger Land was administered as the department of Salzach from

Linz Linz ( , ; cs, Linec) is the capital of Upper Austria and third-largest city in Austria. In the north of the country, it is on the Danube south of the Czech border. In 2018, the population was 204,846. In 2009, it was a European Capital ...

, the capital of

. In 1849 the

Duchy of Salzburg The Duchy of Salzburg () was a Cisleithanian crown land of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary from 1849 to 1918. Its capital was Salzburg, while other towns in the duchy included Zell am See and Gastein. Before becoming a crown land, Sal ...

was established as a

crown land Crown land (sometimes spelled crownland), also known as royal domain, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown. It is the equivalent of an entailed estate and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it ...

of the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central- Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, ...

and, after 1866,

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

World War I

Salzburg participated in

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

, as part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. 49,000 Salzburgers were called to arms, of whom 6,000 were killed.

Post-World War I Austrian Republics

In 1918 after

, the

was dissolved and replaced with the State of Salzburg, as a component part initially of German Austria and subsequently of the

First Republic of Austria The First Austrian Republic (german: Erste Österreichische Republik), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I w ...

, the separate state which was mandated by the Allied powers.

Salzburg in Germany

In the ''

Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germa ...

'', Austria, including Salzburg state, was incorporated into

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

in 1938.

American control

After the defeat of

in 1945, the

Allies An alliance is a relationship among people, groups, or states that have joined together for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose, whether or not explicit agreement has been worked out among them. Members of an alliance are called ...

occupied the territory of Austria, being recognized as an independent territory under their rule. Salzburg was occupied by the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

Salzburg as an Austrian State

In 1955 Austria was again declared independent of the Allies and Salzburg was once again one of the reconstituted federal states of the second Republic Austria.

Demographics

The historical population is given in the following chart: Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:28 PlotArea = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:580 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal AlignBars = late ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:50 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:10 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo PlotData= color:skyblue width:22 shift:(-60,-5) fontsize:M anchor:till bar:1869 from:0 till:153 text:153,159 bar:1880 from:0 till:164 text:163,570 bar:1890 from:0 till:174 text:173,510 bar:1900 from:0 till:193 text:192,763 bar:1910 from:0 till:215 text:214,737 bar:1923 from:0 till:223 text:222,831 bar:1934 from:0 till:246 text:245,801 bar:1939 from:0 till:257 text:257,226 bar:1951 from:0 till:327 text:327,232 bar:1961 from:0 till:347 text:347,292 bar:1971 from:0 till:405 text:405,115 bar:1981 from:0 till:442 text:442,301 bar:1991 from:0 till:482 text:482,365 bar:2001 from:0 till:515 text:515,327 bar:2011 from:0 till:532 text:531,721 bar:2021 from:0 till:561 text:560,710 TextData= fontsize:M pos:(35,20) text:"Source: Statistik Austria"

Politics

Salzburg adopted its current state

constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these pr ...

in 1999. The state

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government i ...

(''Landesregierung'') is headed by a

Landeshauptmann Landeshauptmann (if male) or Landeshauptfrau (if female) (, "state captain", plural ''Landeshauptleute'') is the chairman of a state government and the supreme official of an Austrian state and the Italian autonomous provinces of South Tyrol and T ...

(governor), who is elected by a majority in the

Landtag A Landtag (State Diet) is generally the legislative assembly or parliament of a federated state or other subnational self-governing entity in German-speaking nations. It is usually a unicameral assembly exercising legislative competence in non ...

parliament. State elections are held every five years. After

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

, most state governments were led by the conservative

Austrian People's Party The Austrian People's Party (german: Österreichische Volkspartei , ÖVP ) is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative political party in Austria. Since December 2021, the party has been led provisionally by Karl Nehammer. It is curre ...

(ÖVP). The ÖVP politician

Josef Klaus Josef Klaus (15 August 1910 – 25 July 2001) was an Austrian politician of the conservative People's Party (ÖVP). He served as State Governor (''Landeshauptmann'') of Salzburg from 1949 to 1961, as Minister of Finance from 1961 to 1963 and a ...

(1910-2001), later Chancellor of Austria, served as Landeshauptmann from 1949 to 1961. In 2004

Gabi Burgstaller Gabi Burgstaller (born 23 May 1963) is an Austrian politician, and the former governess ('' Landeshauptfrau'') of the State of Salzburg. Life She was born in Penetzdorf/ Niederthalheim near Schwanenstadt in Upper Austria. After matriculation at ...

became the first

Social Democratic Social democracy is a political, social, and economic philosophy within socialism that supports political and economic democracy. As a policy regime, it is described by academics as advocating economic and social interventions to promote so ...

(and first female) Salzburg governor. Salzburg Chiemseehof

The last results, in April 2018 (compared to 2013) were:

The elected Salzburg Landeshauptmann is Wilfried Haslauer (ÖVP), chairing a

coalition government A coalition government is a form of government in which political parties cooperate to form a government. The usual reason for such an arrangement is that no single party has achieved an absolute majority after an election, an atypical outcome in ...

of ÖVP, Greens and NEOS ministers (''Landesräte''). The current president (speaker) of the Salzburg Landtag is his party fellow Brigitta Pallauf.

Government

Landeshauptmann Wilfried Haslauer (ÖVP)

* Economy * Tourism * Employment market * Municipality administration * Education * Internal affairs * Fire departments * Public safety * Governor's office * European affairs.

1st Deputy Astrid Rössler (Greens)

* Conservation * Environmentalism * Water protection * Trade * Regional development * Building law.

2nd Deputy Christian Stöckl (ÖVP)

* Finance * State properties and interests * Public health and hospitals.

Landesräte

* Hans Mayr (TS): Transport, infrastructure, housing * Martina Berthold (Greens): Childcare, adult education, universities, research, science, youth, family affairs, intergenerational relationships, desegregation, migration, sports, women's affairs, equal opportunities * Josef Schwaiger (ÖVP): Agriculture, forestry, water management, energy, personnel management * Heinrich Schellhorn (Greens): Social policy, care nursing, culture, folk culture, museums.

Administrative divisions

Districts

The State of Salzburg comprises six districts, known as ''Bezirke'' or vernacularly ''Gaue'': * Hallein District (Tennengau region) *

St. Johann im Pongau District The Bezirk Sankt Johann im Pongau is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Pongau region. Area of the district is 1,755.37 km², with a population of 77,872 (May 15, 2001) ...

(Pongau region) *

Salzburg-Umgebung District The Bezirk Salzburg-Umgebung (German, "surrounding area of Salzburg") is an administrative district ('' Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Flachgau region (), except for the Statutarstadt of Salzburg, whic ...

(Salzburg environs) (Flachgau region) * Tamsweg District (Lungau region) * Zell am See District (Pinzgau region) Salzburg city is its own administrative district.

Municipalities

The state is divided into 119 municipalities, including Salzburg city. 11 of them have city status (''Städte''), 24 are market towns (''Marktgemeinden'') and the other 84 are simple municipalities (''Gemeinden''). Below is a list of all the municipalities divided by district: * Hallein District (Tennengau) (13 municipalities):

Abtenau Abtenau (Central Bavarian: ''Obtenau'') is a market town in the Hallein District of Salzburg in Austria. The municipality is located in Lammertal, Tennengau, about 45 km south of Salzburg, and encompasses the entire middle valley of the Lammer. ...

, Adnet, Annaberg-Lungötz, Bad Vigaun, Golling an der Salzach, Hallein,

Krispl Krispl is a municipality in the Hallein district in the Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine ...

, Kuchl, Oberalm, Puch bei Hallein,

Rußbach am Paß Gschütt Rußbach am Paß Gschütt is a municipality in the Hallein district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. It is famous for its amazing skiing and summer mountain biking tours and extensive network of hiking trails. It is a must-visit town in Austria ...

Sankt Koloman Sankt Koloman is a municipality in the Hallein district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography Sankt Koloman lies in the Tennengau on the high plateau of the Salzach valley between Bad Vigaun Bad Vigaun is a municipality and spa town in t ...

Scheffau am Tennengebirge Scheffau am Tennengebirge is a municipality in the Hallein district of Salzburg, Austria. Geography The municipality of Scheffau am Tennengebirge lies in the southern Tennengau of the Salzburger Land. The River Lammer flows through its territory ...

. *

(Flachgau) (37 municipalities): Anif, Anthering, Bergheim, Berndorf,

Bürmoos Bürmoos is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. History Bürmoos was founded in 1967, making it the most recently created municipality in the state, by combining the outskirts of the neighbouri ...

, Dorfbeuern,

Ebenau Ebenau is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Tourism The municipality lies in the Salzkammergut The Salzkammergut (; ; bar, Soizkaumaguad, label=Central Austro-Bavarian) is a resort area ...

Elixhausen Elixhausen is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Elixhausen lies in the Flachgau about 10 km northeast of the city of Salzburg. Neighboring municipalities are Bergheim, Anther ...

Elsbethen Elsbethen is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography The town lies directly south of the federal state capital, Salzburg, and borders Flachgau. Parts of the town have become infrastructur ...

, Eugendorf,

Faistenau Faistenau is a municipality in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography It is located in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung. It is a significant tourist destination, located in the Salzkammergut region known for its natural lake A lake is a ...

, Fuschl am See, Großgmain, Göming, Grödig,

Hallwang Hallwang is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the East ...

, Henndorf, Hintersee,

Hof bei Salzburg Hof bei Salzburg is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. The mezzo-soprano Rosl Zapf (1925–2019) was born in Hof bei Salzburg. Geography Hof bei Salzburg is on the shore of the Fuschlsee a ...

Koppl Koppl (Central Bavarian: ''Koppü'') is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. In the west it borders on the Salzburg urban area. Geography The commune is located in the northern foothills of the S ...

Köstendorf Köstendorf is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Köstendorf lies 15 km northeast of the city of Salzburg on the Wallersee. It borders on the municipalities of Neumarkt am Wa ...

, Lamprechtshausen,

Mattsee Mattsee is a market town at the eponymous lake in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the Austrian state of Salzburg. History About 765 Duke Tassilo III of Bavaria established the Mattsee Benedictine Abbey, which became a part of the Diocese of ...

Nußdorf am Haunsberg Nußdorf am Haunsberg is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography The municipality lies in the northern part of the Flachgau on the northwest side of the Haunsberg in the Oichten valley, ab ...

Obertrum Obertrum am See is a market town in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. It had a population of 4,639 as of January 1, 2014. Geography The town is located roughly 15 km north of Salzburg in the Flachgau ...

Plainfeld Plainfeld is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Plainfeld lies in the Flachgau 12 km east of the city of Salzburg. The neighboring municipalities are Eugendorf, Hof bei Salz ...

, Sankt Georgen, Sankt Gilgen,

Schleedorf Schleedorf is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography The municipality lies in the Flachgau on the road from Köstendorf to Mattsee Mattsee is a market town at the eponymous lake in the ...

Seeham Seeham is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Seeham lies in the Flachgau The Bezirk Salzburg-Umgebung ( German, "surrounding area of Salzburg") is an administrative district (''Bez ...

Straßwalchen Straßwalchen (Central Bavarian: ''Strosswoicher'') is a market town in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung (''Flachgau'') in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography The municipal area stretches along the northeastern border of Salzburg with th ...

, Strobl,

Thalgau Thalgau is a market town in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Thalgau lies east of the city of Salzburg. It is a central spot in the eastern Flachgau The Bezirk Salzburg-Umgebung ( German, "surrou ...

, Wals-Siezenheim. *

(Pongau) (25 municipalities): Altenmarkt im Pongau, Bad Gastein,

Bad Hofgastein Bad Hofgastein ( bar, Hofgoschdei) is a market town in the district of St. Johann im Pongau, in the Austrian state of Salzburg. The spa town is located in the Gastein Valley, a large ski resort belonging to the Ski Amadé network. Geography The ...

, Bischofshofen,

Dorfgastein Dorfgastein is a municipality in St. Johann im Pongau District, in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography It is located on the northern entrance of the Gastein Valley within the Hohe Tauern mountain range, south of the broader Salzach Valley. ...

, Eben im Pongau, Filzmoos, Flachau, Forstau,

Goldegg Goldegg, also called Goldegg im Pongau, is a municipality in St. Johann im Pongau District, in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography It is situated on a sunny plateau north of the Salzach River, the so-called « Sunny Terrace » at a distan ...

Grossarl Grossarl (Großarl) is a market town in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the state of Salzburg in western central Austria. The valley Grossarltal got its name from Grossarl. Geography Location The market town is located in the Grossarl ...

Hüttau Hüttau ( bar, Hittau) is a municipality in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography Hüttau lies in the Fritz valley in the Pongau The Bezirk Sankt Johann im Pongau is an administrative district (''Bezir ...

, Hüttschlag,

Kleinarl Kleinarl is a municipality in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography The municipal area is located in the Pongau region within the Central Eastern Alps, on the northern rim of the High Tauern national park ...

Mühlbach am Hochkönig Mühlbach am Hochkönig is a municipality in St. Johann im Pongau district, Salzburgerland, Austria. Population Its population was 1,622 inhabitants in 2005. Location Mühlbach am Hochkönig is found approximately 8 km to the west of ...

Pfarrwerfen Pfarrwerfen is a municipality in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography Pfarrwerfen lies in the Pongau The Bezirk Sankt Johann im Pongau is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state o ...

, Radstadt, Sankt Johann im Pongau,

Sankt Martin am Tennengebirge Sankt Martin am Tennengebirge is a municipality in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography The village is located in the Ennspongau of the Salzburger Land, in a side valley of the Fritztal, between the south ...

Sankt Veit im Pongau Sankt Veit im Pongau is a market town in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Austrian state of Salzburg. St.Veit is the first healthy climate spa town in Salzburg. Submontane to the "Hochglocker" there is the 1912 founded sanatorium. Author ...

, Schwarzach im Pongau,

Untertauern Untertauern is a municipality in the district of St. Johann im Pongau in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography Untertauern is situated in the Salzburg Pongau region in the valley of the Northern Taurach, a right tributary of the Enns river ...

Wagrain Wagrain (Austro-Bavarian: ''Wågroã'') is a market town in the St. Johann im Pongau District in the Austrian state of Salzburg. It is located in a high valley stretching from the Salzach at Sankt Johann in the west to the Enns river in the east. ...

Werfen Werfen () is a market town in the district of St. Johann im Pongau, in the Austrian state of Salzburg. It is mainly known for medieval Hohenwerfen Castle and the Eisriesenwelt ice cave, the largest in the world. Geography Werfen is located in ...

Werfenweng Werfenweng is a municipality in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Population Politics The Mayor is Dr.Peter Brandauer from the ÖVP party. See also * Alpine pearls * Salzburgerland * Salzburg Salzbu ...

. * Tamsweg District (Lungau) (15 municipalities):

Göriach Göriach is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Geography Göriach lies about 6 km northwest of Tamsweg and about 80 km southeast of Salzburg Salzburg (, ; literally "Salt-Castle"; bar, Soi ...

Lessach Lessach is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. I ...

, Mariapfarr, Mauterndorf,

Muhr Muhr is a municipality of the Tamsweg District in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography It is located in a southwestern valley of the Salzburg Lungau region at the source of the river Mur River, between the Hohe Tauern and the Niedere Tauer ...

, Ramingstein, Sankt Andrä im Lungau,

Sankt Margarethen im Lungau Sankt Margarethen im Lungau is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in ...

Sankt Michael im Lungau Sankt Michael im Lungau is a market town in the district of Tamsweg District, Tamsweg in the Austrian state of Salzburg (state), Salzburg. Geography It is located in the historic Lungau region, in the valley of the upper Mur (river), Mur river, n ...

, Tamsweg, Thomatal, Tweng, Unternberg,

Weißpriach Weißpriach is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg in the state of Salzburg in Austria. It is located in a valley of the Niedere Tauern mountain range. History Weißpriach is known for the Romanesque church of Saint Rupert with its Byzanti ...

Zederhaus Zederhaus is a municipality of the Tamsweg District in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography The Zederhaus Valley is located in the northwestern part of the Salzburg ''Lungau'' region, on the southern slopes of the Lower Tauern mountain ran ...

. * Zell am See District (Pinzgau) (28 municipalities): Bramberg am Wildkogel, Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße, Dienten am Hochkönig,

Fusch an der Großglocknerstraße Fusch an der Großglocknerstraße is a municipality, at the foot of Grossglockner mountain, in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria. See town website pages at External links below. The Fusch valley l ...

, Hollersbach im Pinzgau, Kaprun, Krimml, Lend,

Leogang Leogang is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying i ...

Lofer Lofer is a market town in the district of Zell am See in the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography Lofer is located in the historic Pinzgau region, in the valley of the Saalach river between the Chiemgau Alps and Reiter Alpe in the north and eas ...

Maishofen Maishofen is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying ...

Maria Alm Maria may refer to: People * Mary, mother of Jesus * Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages Place names Extraterrestrial *170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877 *Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, da ...

, Mittersill,

Neukirchen am Großvenediger Neukirchen am Großvenediger is a market town in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Cent ...

, Niedernsill, Piesendorf, Rauris, Saalbach-Hinterglemm, Saalfelden,

Sankt Martin bei Lofer Sankt Martin bei Lofer is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central ...

Stuhlfelden Stuhlfelden is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lyin ...

Taxenbach Taxenbach is a market town in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying i ...

Unken Unken is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying i ...

Uttendorf Uttendorf is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying ...

Viehhofen Viehhofen is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying ...

Wald im Pinzgau Wald im Pinzgau is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (district), Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg (state), Salzburg in Austria. Municipal divisions The villages in the municipality, apart from Wald, are (further u ...

Weißbach bei Lofer Weißbach bei Lofer is a municipality in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Euro ...

, Zell am See.

Economy

The

Gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is of ...

(GDP) of the state was 29 billion € in 2018, accounting for 7.5% of the Austria's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 46,500 € or 154% of the EU27 average in the same year. Salzburg is the state with the highest GDP per capita in Austria before Vienna.

Architecture

The Salzburg Cathedral was the first Baroque building in the German-speaking artistic world. Two other important buildings initiated by the Salzburg archbishops were

Hohenwerfen Castle Hohenwerfen Castle (german: Festung Hohenwerfen, lit=Hohenwerfen Fortress) is a medieval rock castle, situated on a precipice overlooking the Austrian market town of Werfen in the Salzach valley, approximately south of Salzburg. The fortress i ...

and Hohensalzburg Fortress. The first Archbishop of Salzburg was Arno of Salzburg (785–821), in whose honor the world-famous hiking circuit — the Arnoweg — is named. The predominant stylistic elements of Salzburg architecture have their origins in the

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including ...

and the

Rococo Rococo (, also ), less commonly Roccoco or Late Baroque, is an exceptionally ornamental and theatrical style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colours, sculpted moulding, ...

periods. Salzburg city's historic centre was named by

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international coope ...

as a

World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for ...

Language

Austrian German is the local written language, and it can be heard especially in the cities.

is also spoken, especially in the rural areas and the common

language Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of ...

of Salzburgerland.

Visitors' attractions

Eisriesenwelt The Eisriesenwelt (German for "World of the Ice Giants") is a natural limestone and ice cave located in Werfen, Austria, about 40 km south of Salzburg. The cave is inside the Hochkogel mountain in the Tennengebirge section of the Alps. I ...

, the largest ice cave in the world * Großglockner Hochalpenstraße: a panoramic road, called ''Grossglockner High Alpine Road'' * Salzkammergut: a lake district situated in Salzburg state,

and

Liechtensteinklamm Liechtensteinklamm (Liechtenstein Gorge) is a gorge with walls up to 300m high, located in the Austrian Alps 50 km south of Salzburg. It is around 4 km long and is named after Johannes II, Prince of Liechtenstein, Johann II of Liechtenste ...

: Salzburg is home to one of the longest and deepest gorges of the

Alps The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately across seven Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Sw ...

, the ''Liechtensteinklamm''. It is located near Sankt Johann im Pongau or ''St.Johann/Pg.'', a small town in the middle of the state. * Nonnberg Abbey, a Benedictine monastery that was immortalized in the movie ''

The Sound of Music ''The Sound of Music'' is a musical with music by Richard Rodgers, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II, and a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse. It is based on the 1949 memoir of Maria von Trapp, ''The Story of the Trapp Family Singers''. S ...

''.

Sports

* Salzburgring, a permanent racing circuit, north east of the city of

Ski Amadé The Ski Amadé region of Austria is a network of 28 ski areas and towns that combined, make up the second largest ski area in Europe.largest ski domain is Dolomiti Superski It is named after the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart who was born in t ...

Kitzsteinhorn The Kitzsteinhorn is a mountain in the High Tauern range of the Central Eastern Alps in Austria. It is part of the Glockner Group and reaches a height of AA. The Kitzsteinhorn Glaciers are a popular ski area. Geography The mountain is located n ...

, skiing the year round on a glacier * Icespeedway in

St. Johann im Pongau St. Johann im Pongau (''Saiga Håns'' or ''Sainig Håns'' in the local Pongau dialect, abbreviated St.Johann/Pg.) is a small city in the state of Salzburg in Austria. It is the administrative centre of the St. Johann im Pongau District. Geogr ...

Aperschnalzen Aperschnalzen (Austro-Bavarian ''Apaschnoizn'') is an old tradition of competitive whipcracking revived in the first half of the 20th century in Bavaria and Salzburg. The word "aper" means "area free of snow" in the Bavarian language. The Apersch ...

, an old tradition of competitive whipcracking

Ski resorts

Altenmarkt im Pongau, Flachau,

, St. Johann, Zell am See ( Saalbach-Hinterglemm),

Obertauern Obertauern is a tourist destination which is located in the Radstädter Tauern in the Salzburger Land of Austria. The winter sports resort is separated in two communities: Tweng and Untertauern. Geography Obertauern lies in the southeast o ...

, Bad Gastein, Rauris,

Hochkönig The Hochkönig is a mountain group containing the highest mountain (Mount Hochkönig) in the Berchtesgaden Alps, Salzburgerland, Austria. The Berchtesgaden Alps form part of the Northern Limestone Alps. Location It lies to the west of the town ...

Assorted statistics

*Tourist Regions: 21 *Resort Towns: 115 *Guest Beds: 192,000 *Lakes: 185 *Biggest lake: Wolfgangsee *Longest river: Salzach *Highest mountain:

Großvenediger Großvenediger () is the main peak of the Venediger Group within the Hohe Tauern mountain range, on the border of the Austrian state of Tyrol (East Tyrol) with Salzburg. It is generally considered to be Austria's fourth highest mountain (although ...

— elevation *Hiking paths: *Hill farms: 1,800 — 550 of them serving refreshments *National parks: 1 *Marked cycle paths: *Mountainbike trails (including cross-border routes): *Golf courses: 13 *Ski slopes: *Cross-country ski trails: *Night slopes: 14 *Winter hiking paths:

Notes

References

External links

Salzburg State Tourist Board

Salzburg State Government

Pictures from Salzburg

Tours in and around Salzburg

Tours
{{coord, 47.76706, N, 13.364131, E, source:placeopedia, display=title NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union States of Austria