Sacile (; vec, Sathìl ; Liventina: ; Western Friulian: ) is a town and ''

comune The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...

'' in the

province of Pordenone The province of Pordenone ( it, provincia di Pordenone; ; vec, provincia de Pordenon) was a province in the autonomous region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia in Italy. Its capital was the city of Pordenone. The province was subdivided from the province ...

, in the

Friuli Venezia Giulia (man), it, Friulana (woman), it, Giuliano (man), it, Giuliana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_t ...

region of northeastern

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

. It is known as the "Garden of the '' Serenissima''" after the many palaces that were constructed along the river Livenza for the nobility of the Most Serene Republic of Venice.

Geography

The historic center is located on two islands of the river

Livenza The Livenza ( la, Liquentia, fur, Livence, vec, Łivensa) is a river in the Italian provinces of Pordenone, Treviso and Venice. Its source is near Polcenigo and Caneva in Pordenone. It flows in a southeasterly direction past Sacile and forms t ...

; it is unclear whether the islands are natural or manmade.

History

Sacile developed in the seventh century as a strong-point on the route from

Veneto Veneto (, ; vec, Vèneto ) or Venetia is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about five million, ranking fourth in Italy. The region's capital is Venice while the biggest city is Verona. Veneto was part of the Roman Empire unt ...

Friuli Friuli ( fur, Friûl, sl, Furlanija, german: Friaul) is an area of Northeast Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity containing 1,000,000 Friulians. It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli Venezia Giuli ...

. A cathedral and a castle were built on the larger island, while the smaller had the port and commercial area. The town became part of the Patriarchal State of Friuli on its creation in 1077; in 1190 the Patriarch conferred on it

city rights Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the traditio ...

. Sacile was the first city in Friuli to have a Communal Statute. The city was besieged on a number of occasions by troops of

Venezia Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islan ...

and

Treviso Treviso ( , ; vec, Trevixo) is a city and '' comune'' in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 84,669 inhabitants (as of September 2017). Some 3,000 live within the Vene ...

. In 1420 Sacile, along with the rest of Friuli, was annexed by the

Republic of Venice The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia ...

. Under Venetian rule the river trade expanded and many noble families built palaces on the banks of the Livenza. The fall of the Republic in 1797 caused an economic crisis in Sacile. On 16 April 1809

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

troops were defeated by the

Austrians , pop = 8–8.5 million , regions = 7,427,759 , region1 = , pop1 = 684,184 , ref1 = , region2 = , pop2 = 345,620 , ref2 = , region3 = , pop3 = 197,990 , ref3 ...

in the Battle of Sacile which took place in the nearby hamlet of Camolli. In 1815, under the terms of the

Congress of Vienna The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon ...

, Sacile became part of the

Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia The Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia ( la, links=no, Regnum Langobardiae et Venetiae), commonly called the "Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom" ( it, links=no, Regno Lombardo-Veneto, german: links=no, Königreich Lombardo-Venetien), was a constituent land ...

. The coming of the railway in 1855 did much to restore the economic position of Sacile. In 1866 Sacile was annexed by the

Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia was proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to ...

and saw the beginnings of industrial activity. During the First and

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

s the town was repeatedly bombarded on account of the strategic importance of the

Venice–Udine railway The Venice–Udine railway is an Italian railway line connecting Venice, in Veneto, with Udine, in Friuli Venezia Giulia. It follows the same route as state highway 13 (SS 13, "Pontebbana"). The railway infrastructure is managed by the Rete Ferro ...

. The earthquake of 18 October 1936 caused great damage to the town's buildings and to its ancient city walls.

Economy

Brickmaking A brick is a type of block used to build walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction. Properly, the term ''brick'' denotes a block composed of dried clay, but is now also used informally to denote other chemically cured con ...

occurred in Sacile from the 14th century until 1957. Today, the main economic activity there is administration and services, although it is also home to piano manufacturer

Fazioli Fazioli Pianoforti (), translated as Fazioli Pianos, produces grand and concert pianos from their factory in Sacile, Italy. The company was founded by engineer and pianist Paolo Fazioli in 1981. The craftsmen at Fazioli build 140 pianos a year ...

Dialect

The native dialect of the town is ''Sacilese'', a colonial variety of the

Venetan language Venetian, wider Venetian or Venetan ( or ) is a Romance language spoken natively in the northeast of Italy,Ethnologue mostly in the Veneto region, where most of the five million inhabitants can understand it. It is sometimes spoken and oft ...

belonging to the Liventine (Northeastern) group.

Twin towns

Sacile is twinned with: *

La Réole La Réole (; oc, La Rèula) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. Geography La Réole is located on the right bank of the Garonne, southeast of Bordeaux by rail. La Réole station has rail conne ...

, France, since 2000 *

Giffoni Valle Piana Giffoni Valle Piana, commonly known as Giffoni, is a town and comune in the Province of Salerno, Campania, southwestern Italy. Economy is mostly based on agriculture, with the presence of a small number of light industries and services firms. ...

, Italy, since 2011 * Novigrad, Croatia, since 2015

People

Massimo Borgobello Massimo Borgobello (born 17 May 1971 in Sacile, Friuli) is a retired Italian footballer. He played as a forward. He played 6 games in the Serie A in the 1999/00 season for S.S.C. Venezia. In July 2005, he was banned for 5 months due to Caso Gen ...

* Ferruccio Furlanetto *

Enrico Gasparotto Enrico Gasparotto (born 22 March 1982) is an Italian-born Swiss former professional road racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2005 and 2020, for seven different teams. After retiring, he worked as a directeur sportif for UCI Continent ...

Luigi Gasparotto Luigi Gasparotto (31 May 1873 – 29 June 1954) was an Italian lawyer and politician. He served several times as Minister and was one of the founders of the Labour Democratic Party. He was also president of Fiera Milano. Biography Gasparot ...

Giovanni Micheletto Giovanni Micheletto (Sacile, 21 January 1889 — Sacile, 29 September 1958) was an Italian professional road bicycle racing, road racing cyclist, nicknamed by fans "The Sacile Count" (from his native town in the province of Pordenone) and "N ...

* Giuseppe Antonio Pujati * Fausto Rossi

Transport

Sacile railway station Sacile ( it, Stazione di Sacile) is a railway station serving the town of Sacile, in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northern Italy. The station opened in 1855 and is located on the Venice–Udine railway and Sacile-Pinzano railway. The tra ...

is on the busy

. Train services operate to

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...

Udine Udine ( , ; fur, Udin; la, Utinum) is a city and ''comune'' in north-eastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Alps (''Alpi Carniche''). Its population was 100,514 in 2012, 176,000 with t ...

and

Trieste Trieste ( , ; sl, Trst ; german: Triest ) is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is the capital city, and largest city, of the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia, one of two autonomous regions which are not subdivided into pr ...

Padua Padua ( ; it, Padova ; vec, Pàdova) is a city and ''comune'' in Veneto, northern Italy. Padua is on the river Bacchiglione, west of Venice. It is the capital of the province of Padua. It is also the economic and communications hub of the ...

Verona Verona ( , ; vec, Verona or ) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the largest city municipality in the region and the second largest in nor ...

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city ...

Bologna Bologna (, , ; egl, label= Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 150 different na ...

and

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

. Buses operate to

Pinzano Pinzano al Tagliamento ( fur, Pinçan) is a '' comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Pordenone in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about northwest of Trieste and about northeast of Pordenone. Pinzano al Tagliamento borders ...

References

Cities and towns in Friuli-Venezia Giulia {{FriuliVeneziaGiulia-geo-stub