Sabad Patshahi 10 (Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਬਦ ਹਜ਼ਾਰੇ ਪਾਤਿਸ਼ਾਹੀ ੧੦'','' also known as the Shabad Hazare Padishah), under the title
Shabad ( pa, ਸਬਦ), are ten religious hymns composed by
Guru Gobind Singh that are present in
Dasam Granth
The ''Dasam Granth'' (Gurmukhi: ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ''dasama gratha'') is a collection of various manuscripts in Sikhism containing compositions attributed to Guru Gobind Singh. . These hymns have comments on ritualistic practices in
Sanyas,
Jogis and
Bairagis, and also against any form of
idolatry, human or
deity worship.
Description
*These hymns are primarily composed in
Braj
Braj, also known as Vraj, Vraja, Brij or Brijbhoomi, is a region in India on both sides of the Yamuna river with its centre at Mathura- Vrindavan in Uttar Pradesh state encompassing the area which also includes Palwal and Ballabhgarh in Harya ...
ritten In Gurmukhiand
unjabilanguages, with plentiful use of
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...
words, except sixth hymn, which is composed in
Punjabi with some
Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
words.
*Excluding the sixth, all other hymns have three ''Padash'' and ''Rahau'' (The Pause) placed in the beginning of the Shabads.
*Sixth hymn was composed at
Machhiwara whereas others were composed at
Anandpur Sahib
Anandpur Sahib, sometimes referred to simply as Anandpur (lit. "city of bliss"), is a city in Rupnagar district (Ropar), on the edge of Shivalik Hills, in the Indian state of Punjab. Located near the Sutlej River, the city is one of the most ...
. The ordering of hymns was given by
Bhai Mani Singh
Bhai Mani Singh was an 18th-century Sikh scholar and martyr. He was a childhood companion of Guru Gobind Singh and took the vows of Sikhism when the Guru inaugurated the Khalsa in March 1699. Soon after that, the Guru sent him to Amritsar t ...
.
*The only six
Ragas
A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradition, and as a ...
present in
Dasam Granth
The ''Dasam Granth'' (Gurmukhi: ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ''dasama gratha'') is a collection of various manuscripts in Sikhism containing compositions attributed to Guru Gobind Singh. are in the title of hymns.
*These Shabads deal with futility of asceticism, idolatry and attachment.
*Shabad Hazare is a title given to collection of these Shabads. Though it is not present in main text and the meaning is not too clear but traditionally it is believed that each Shabad has the merit of a thousand. Some scholar link the word "hazare" word to the Persian word "Hazra" (lit. present).
[The Encyclopedia of Sikhism, H. S Singha, Hemkunt Press, 2000]
Hymns
*''Re man aiso kar sanyasa'' -
Raga Ramkali
*''Re man iha bidha jog kamao'' -
Raga Ramkali
*''Prani param purakh pag lago'' -
Raga Ramkali
*''Prabh ju tu keh laaj hamari'' -
Raga Sorath
*''Bin kartar na kirtam mano'' -
Raga Kalyan
*''Mittar pyare nu'' -
Khayal
*''Kewal kal hi kartar'' -
Raga Tilang Kaafi
*''So kim manas roop kahai'' -
Raga Bilawal
*''Ek bin dusar na ko chinar'' -
Raga Devgandhari
*''Bin har naam na bachan paayi hai'' -
Raga Devgandhari
References
{{Dasam Granth
Dasam Granth
Indian literature