A royal is a small sail flown immediately above the topgallant on

square rig Square rig is a generic type of sail and rigging arrangement in which the primary driving sails are carried on horizontal spars which are perpendicular, or square, to the keel of the vessel and to the masts. These spars are called '' yards'' ...

ged

sailing ship A sailing ship is a sea-going vessel that uses sails mounted on masts to harness the power of wind and propel the vessel. There is a variety of sail plans that propel sailing ships, employing square-rigged or fore-and-aft sails. Some ships ...

s. It was originally called the "topgallant royal" and was used in light and favorable winds. Royal sails were normally found only on larger ships with masts tall enough to accommodate the extra canvas. Royals were introduced around the turn of the 18th century, but were not usually flown on the

mizzenmast The mast of a sailing vessel is a tall spar, or arrangement of spars, erected more or less vertically on the centre-line of a ship or boat. Its purposes include carrying sails, spars, and derricks, and giving necessary height to a navigation lig ...

until the end of that century. It gave its name to a

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

term for a light breeze—the Royal Sail Breeze or ''bovenbramzeilskoelte'' was a Force 2 wind on the Beaufort Scale.García-Herrera, R., D. Wheeler, G.P. Können, F.B. Koek and M.R. Prieto (2003).
CLIWOC multilingual meteorological dictionary, An English-Spanish-Dutch-French Dictionary of wind force terms used by mariners from 1750–1850
'. KNMI, De Bilt (Netherlands), p. 22. .

Notes

{{Sail Types, state=expanded Sailing rigs and rigging