Sir Roy Yorke Calne, FRCP, FRCS, FRS (born 30 December 1930) is a British surgeon and pioneer in

organ transplantation Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which an organ is removed from one body and placed in the body of a recipient, to replace a damaged or missing organ. The donor and recipient may be at the same location, or organs may be transpor ...

Career

His most notable achievements are the world's first liver,

heart The heart is a muscular Organ (biology), organ in most animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. The pumped blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the body, while carrying metabolic waste such as ca ...

, and

lung The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and most other animals, including some snails and a small number of fish. In mammals and most other vertebrates, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of ...

transplant together with John Wallwork in 1987; the first successful combined

stomach The stomach is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates. The stomach has a dilated structure and functions as a vital organ in the digestive system. The stomach i ...

, intestine,

pancreas The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. In humans, it is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland. The pancreas is a mixed or heterocrine gland, i.e. it has both an ...

, liver, and

kidney The kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates. They are located on the left and right in the retroperitoneal space, and in adult humans are about in length. They receive blood from the paired renal arteries; blo ...

cluster transplant in 1994, the first

liver transplantation Liver transplantation or hepatic transplantation is the replacement of a Liver disease, diseased liver with the healthy liver from another person (allograft). Liver transplantation is a treatment option for Cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease and ...

operation in Europe in 1968, and the first intestinal transplant in the UK in 1992. Calne is a

fellow of the Royal Society Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted by the judges of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathemati ...

and was Professor of Surgery at

Cambridge University , mottoeng = Literal: From here, light and sacred draughts. Non literal: From this place, we gain enlightenment and precious knowledge. , established = , other_name = The Chancellor, Masters and Schola ...

between 1965 and 1998 where he initiated the kidney transplant program. He was

Harkness Fellow The Harkness Fellowship (previously known as the Commonwealth Fund Fellowship) is a program run by the Commonwealth Fund of New York City. This fellowship was established to reciprocate the Rhodes Scholarships and enable Fellows from several cou ...

Harvard Medical School Harvard Medical School (HMS) is the graduate medical school of Harvard University and is located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1782, HMS is one of the oldest medical schools in the United States and is cons ...

from 1960 to 1961. Much of his subsequent work has been concerned with the improvement of

immunosuppression Immunosuppression is a reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system. Some portions of the immune system itself have immunosuppressive effects on other parts of the immune system, and immunosuppression may occur as an adverse reacti ...

techniques aimed at prolonging the life of liver transplant recipients. He is currently the Yoah Ghim Professor of Surgery at the

National University of Singapore The National University of Singapore (NUS) is a national public research university in Singapore. Founded in 1905 as the Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States Government Medical School, NUS is the oldest autonomous university in th ...

Awards and honours

He was elected to the Royal Society in 1974, and was awarded the 1988

Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh The Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh is awarded by the College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine to a person who has made any highly important and valuable addition to Practical Therapeutics in the previous five ye ...

. He was awarded the 1984 Lister Medal for his contributions to surgical science. The corresponding Lister Oration, given at the

Royal College of Surgeons of England The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales. T ...

, was delivered on 21 May 1985, and was titled ''Organ transplantation: from laboratory to clinic''. He was

knighted A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a head of state (including the Pope) or representative for service to the monarch, the church or the country, especially in a military capacity. Knighthood finds origins in the G ...

in 1986. In 1990, he received the Ellison-Cliffe Medal from the

Royal Society of Medicine The Royal Society of Medicine (RSM) is a medical society in the United Kingdom, headquartered in London. History The Society was established in 1805 as Medical and Chirurgical Society of London, meeting in two rooms in barristers’ chambers ...

. His

portrait A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expressions are predominant. The intent is to display the likeness, personality, and even the mood of the person. For this ...

, commissioned by the National Portrait Gallery, was painted by

John Bellany John Bellany (18 June 1942 – 28 August 2013) was a Scottish painter. Early life Bellany was born in Port Seton. His father and grandfather were fishermen in Port Seton and Eyemouth near Edinburgh. During the early 1960s, he studied at ...

in 1991. In 2012, Calne shared the prestigious

Lasker Award The Lasker Awards have been awarded annually since 1945 to living persons who have made major contributions to medical science or who have performed public service on behalf of medicine. They are administered by the Lasker Foundation, which was ...

(Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award) with Dr.

Thomas Starzl Thomas Earl Starzl (March 11, 1926 – March 4, 2017) was an American physician, researcher, and expert on organ transplants. He performed the first human liver transplants, and has often been referred to as "the father of modern transplantatio ...

'for the development of liver transplantation, which has restored normal life to thousands of patients with end-stage liver disease.' Calne is a Distinguished Supporter of

Humanists UK Humanists UK, known from 1967 until May 2017 as the British Humanist Association (BHA), is a charitable organisation which promotes secular humanism and aims to represent "people who seek to live good lives without religious or superstitious b ...

British Humanist Association Distinguished Supporters of Humanism list
and he is an Honorary Vice-President of the Cambridge University Lawn Tennis Club.

Art

Calne is an artist, and is a member of the art group

Group 90 Group 90 is an informal arts group in Singapore, committed to the study and interpretation, and promotion of the human nudity as an art form. It was founded the late Brother Joseph McNally, along with founding members S. Namasivayam, Chia Wai ...

in Singapore. The Amerasinghe Ganendra Collection ( Shalini Ganendra) has a significant number of his art works (paper, canvas, bronze) and a comprehensive collection of his art related publications.

Gallery

File:Gertrude Elion. Oil painting by Sir Roy Calne, 1990. Wellcome L0024105.jpg, Gertrude Elion. Oil painting by Sir Roy Calne, 1990. File:An empty abdomen during a six-organ transplant. Watercolour Wellcome L0024193.jpg, An empty abdomen during a six-organ transplant. Watercolour by Sir Roy Calne, 1994.

Bibliography

* Ellis, Harold, 1926–, Calne, Roy Y. (Roy Yorke), Sir, 1930– and Christopher Watson (2011) ''Lecture notes on general surgery (Twelfth edition)''. Oxford : Wiley Blackwell. . * Calne, Roy Y. (Roy Yorke), Sir, 1930– (1970) ''A Gift of Life: Observations on Organ Transplantation''. New York : Basic Books. , * Calne, Roy Y. (Roy Yorke), Sir, 1930– (1996) ''Art, Surgery and Transplantation''. London : Williams & Wilkins Europe. ,

References

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Calne, Roy 1930 births Living people People educated at Lancing College Harvard Medical School alumni Academics of the University of Cambridge Fellows of the Royal Society British Jews Harkness Fellows Jewish scientists Knights Bachelor British humanists Fellows of King's College London Recipients of the Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award