computing Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and development of both hardware and software. Computing has scientific, ...

, route is a

command Command may refer to: Computing * Command (computing), a statement in a computer language * COMMAND.COM, the default operating system shell and command-line interpreter for DOS * Command key, a modifier key on Apple Macintosh computer keyboards * ...

used to view and manipulate the IP routing table in

Unix-like A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X or *nix) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-li ...

and

Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation producing computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washi ...

Windows Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. For example, Windows NT for consumers, Windows Server for se ...

operating system An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common daemon (computing), services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems scheduler (computing), schedule tasks for ef ...

s and also in IBM

OS/2 OS/2 (Operating System/2) is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci. As a result of a feud between the two companies over how to position OS/2 r ...

and

ReactOS ReactOS is a free and open-source operating system for amd64/i686 personal computers intended to be binary-compatible with computer programs and device drivers made for Windows Server 2003 and later versions of Windows. ReactOS has been not ...

. Manual manipulation of the routing table is characteristic of static routing.

Implementations

Unix and Unix-like

In Linux distributions based on 2.2.x

Linux kernel The Linux kernel is a free and open-source, monolithic, modular, multitasking, Unix-like operating system kernel. It was originally authored in 1991 by Linus Torvalds for his i386-based PC, and it was soon adopted as the kernel for the GNU ...

s, the ifconfig and route commands are operated together to connect a computer to a network, and to define routes between

computer network A computer network is a set of computers sharing resources located on or provided by network nodes. The computers use common communication protocols over digital interconnections to communicate with each other. These interconnections are ...

s. Distributions based on later kernels have deprecated ifconfig and route, replacing them with

iproute2 




iproute2 is a collection of userspace utilities for controlling and monitoring various aspects of networking in the  Linux kernel, including  routing, network interfaces, tunnels,  traffic control, and network-related  device drivers.

iproute2 ...

. Route for Linux was originally written by Fred N. van Kempen.

Syntax

The command-syntax is: route nNvee FC AF> List kernel routing tables route v FC ... Modify routing table for AF. route AF> Detailed usage syntax for specified AF. route Display version/author and exit.

Example

user@linux:~$ route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.101.0 192.168.102.102 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.102.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.103.0 192.168.102.102 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

Microsoft Windows

The command is only available if the TCP/IP protocol is installed as a component in the properties of a network adapter.

Syntax

The command-syntax is: route f p -6 ommand_[Destination[mask_Netmask.html" ;"title="estination.html" ;"title="ommand [Destination">ommand [Destination[mask Netmask">estination.html" ;"title="ommand [Destination">ommand [Destination[mask Netmask[Gateway] metric Metric if Interface

Parameters

* -f: Clears the routing table * -p: The route is added to the Windows Registry and is used to initialize the IP routing table whenever the TCP/IP protocol is started (only when used with the add command) * Command: The command to run (add, change, delete, print) * -4: Force using

IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP). It is one of the core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet and other packet-switched networks. IPv4 was the first version d ...

* -6: Force using

IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet. I ...

* Destination: Network destination of the route * mask Netmask: The netmask ( subnet mask) associated with the network destination * Gateway: The forwarding or next hop IP address over which the set of addresses defined by the network destination and subnet mask are reachable * metric Metric: Integer cost metric (ranging from 1 to 9999) for the route * if Interface: The index of the interface over which the destination is reachable * /?: Command help The -p parameter is only supported on

Windows NT 4.0 Windows NT 4.0 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft and oriented towards businesses. It is the direct successor to Windows NT 3.51, which was released to manufacturing on July 31, 1996, and then to retail ...

Windows 2000 Windows 2000 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft and oriented towards businesses. It was the direct successor to Windows NT 4.0, and was released to manufacturing on December 15, 1999, and was offici ...

, Windows Millennium Edition, and

Windows XP Windows XP is a major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system. It was release to manufacturing, released to manufacturing on August 24, 2001, and later to retail on October 25, 2001. It is a direct upgrade to its predecessors, Wind ...

. It is not supported on

Windows 95 Windows 95 is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of operating systems. The first operating system in the 9x family, it is the successor to Windows 3.1x, and was released to manufacturi ...

Windows 98 Windows 98 is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of Microsoft Windows operating systems. The second operating system in the 9x line, it is the successor to Windows 95, and was released to ...

IBM OS/2

Syntax

The command-syntax is: route nqv OMMAND MODIFIERSargs]

Parameters

* -n: Bypasses translating IP addresses to symbolic host names * -q: Suppresses all output * -v: Verbose * COMMAND: The command to run (add, delete, change, get, monitor, flush) * -net: is a network address * -host: is host name or address (default) * -netmask: the mask of the route * : IP address or host name of the destination * : IP address or host name of the next-hop router

ReactOS

Syntax

Print the route table: route print Add a route: route add ask etric Delete a route: route delete

References

External links

* * * *
route
- o
technet.microsoft.com
{{Windows commands Internet Protocol based network software OS/2 commands Routing Unix network-related software Windows communication and services Windows administration

Implementations

Unix and Unix-like

Syntax

Example

Microsoft Windows

Syntax

Parameters

IBM OS/2

Syntax

Parameters

ReactOS

Syntax

See also

Further reading

References

External links