Robert Duvall

Robert Selden Duvall (; born January 5, 1931) is an American actor and filmmaker. His career spans more than seven decades and he is considered one of the greatest American actors of all time. He is the recipient of an Academy Award, four Golden Globe Awards, a BAFTA Award, two Primetime Emmy Awards and a Screen Actors Guild Award.

Duvall began appearing in theater in the early 1950s, moving into television and film roles during the early 1960s, playing Boo Radley in ''To Kill a Mockingbird'' (1962) and appearing in '' Captain Newman, M.D.'' (1963), as Major Frank Burns in the blockbuster comedy ''M*A*S*H'' (1970) and the lead role in ''THX 1138'' (1971), as well as Horton Foote's adaptation of William Faulkner's '' Tomorrow'' (1972), which was developed at The Actors Studio and is his personal favorite. This was followed by a series of critically lauded performances in commercially successful films. In 1984 Duvall won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in the film ''Tender Mercies''.

Throughout his career he has starred in numerous films and television series, including ''The Twilight Zone'' (1963), '' The Outer Limits'' (1964), ''The F.B.I.'' (1966), ''Bullitt'' (1968), ''True Grit'' (1969), ''Joe Kidd'' (1972), ''The Godfather'' (1972), ''The Godfather Part II'' (1974), ''The Conversation'' (1974), ''Network'' (1976), ''Apocalypse Now'' (1979), ''The Great Santini'' (1979), ''The Natural'' (1984), ''Colors'' (1988), ''Lonesome Dove'' (1989), ''The Handmaid's Tale'' (1990), '' Days of Thunder'' (1990), '' Rambling Rose'' (1991), ''Falling Down'' (1993), A Family Thing (1996), ''Secondhand Lions'' (2003), '' The Judge'' (2014), and ''Widows'' (2018).

Early life

Duvall was born January 5, 1931, in San Diego, California, to Mildred Virginia Duvall (; 1901–1985), an amateur actress, and Admiral William Howard Duvall (1904–1984), a Virginia-born United States Navy rear admiral. The second of three sons, he has an elder brother, William Jr. and a younger brother, John (1934–2000), who was an entertainment lawyer. His mother was a relative of American Civil War General Robert E. Lee, and a member of the Lee Family of Virginia, while his father was a descendant of settler Mareen Duvall. Duvall was raised in the Christian Science religion and has stated that, while it is his belief, he does not attend church. He grew up primarily in Annapolis, Maryland, site of the United States Naval Academy. He recalled: "I was a Navy brat. My father started at the Academy when he was 16, made captain at 39 and retired as a rear admiral." He attended Severn School in Severna Park, Maryland, and The Principia in St. Louis, Missouri. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Drama from Principia College in Elsah, Illinois, in 1953.

His father had expected him to attend the Naval Academy, but Duvall said "I was terrible at everything but acting—I could barely get through school". He again defied his father by serving in the United States Army after the Korean War (from August 19, 1953, to August 20, 1954) leaving the Army as private first class."Famous Veteran: Robert Duvall", ''Military.com'' – ''Veteran Employment Center''. Retrieved December 13, 2015 "That's led to some confusion in the press," he explained in 1984, "Some stories have me shooting it out with the Commies from a foxhole over in Frozen Chosin. Pork Chop Hill stuff. Hell, I barely qualified with the M-1 rifle in basic training". While stationed at Camp Gordon (later renamed Fort Gordon) in Georgia, Duvall acted in an amateur production of the comedy ''Room Service'' in nearby Augusta, Georgia.

In the winter of 1955, Duvall attended the Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City, under Sanford Meisner, on the G.I. Bill. During his two years there, Dustin Hoffman, Gene Hackman and James Caan were among his classmates.Current Biography July 1977 (The H.W. Wilson Company) at robertduvall.net23.net. Retrieved January 2, 2012. While studying acting, he worked as a Manhattan post office clerk. Duvall remains friends today with fellow California-born actors Hoffman and Hackman, whom he knew during their years as struggling actors. In 1955, Duvall roomed with Hoffman in a New York City apartment while they were studying together at the Playhouse. Around this time, he also roomed with Hackman, while working odd jobs such as clerking at Macy's, sorting mail at the post office, and driving a truck.

Career

Early career: 1952–1969

Theater

Duvall began his professional acting career with the Gateway Playhouse, an Equity summer theater based in Bellport, Long Island, New York. Arguably his stage debut was in its 1952 season when he played the Pilot in ''Laughter In The Stars'', an adaptation of ''The Little Prince'', at what was then the Gateway Theatre.

After a year's absence when he was with the U.S. Army (1953–1954), he returned to Gateway in its 1955 summer season, playing: Eddie Davis in Ronald Alexander's ''Time Out For Ginger'' (July 1955), Hal Carter in William Inge's ''Picnic'' (July 1955), Charles Wilder in John Willard's ''The Cat And The Canary'' (August 1955), Parris in Arthur Miller's ''The Crucible'' (August 1955), and John the Witchboy in William Berney and Howard Richardson's ''Dark of the Moon'' (September 1955). The playbill of ''Dark of the Moon'' indicated that he had portrayed the Witchboy before and that he will "repeat his famous portrayal" of this character for the 1955 season's revival of this play. For Gateway's 1956 season (his third season with the Gateway Players), he played the role of Max Halliday in Frederick Knott's ''Dial M for Murder'' (July 1956), Virgil Blessing in Inge's ''Bus Stop'' (August 1956), and Clive Mortimer in John van Druten's ''I Am a Camera'' (August 1956). The playbills for the 1956 season described him as "an audience favorite" in the last season and as having "appeared at the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York and studied acting with Sandy Meisner this past winter".

In its 1957 season, he appeared as Mr. Mayher in Agatha Christie's ''Witness For The Prosecution'' (July 1957), as Hector in Jean Anouilh's ''Thieves' Carnivall'' (July 1957), and the role which he once described as the "catalyst of his career": Eddie Carbone in Arthur Miller's ''A View from the Bridge'' (from July 30 to August 3, 1957, and directed by Ulu Grosbard, who was by then a regular director at the Gateway Theatre). Miller himself attended one of Duvall's performances as Eddie, and during that performance he met important people which allowed him, in two months, to land a "spectacular lead" in the ''Naked City'' television series.

While appearing at the Gateway Theatre in the second half of the 1950s, he was also appearing at the Augusta Civic Theatre, the McLean Theatre in Virginia and the Arena Stage in Washington, DC. The 1957 playbills also described him as "a graduate of the Neighborhood Playhouse" (indicating that he had completed his studies there by the summer of 1957), "a member of Sanford Meisner's professional workshop" and as having worked with Alvin Epstein, a mime and a member of Marcel Marceau's company. By this time (also July 1957), his theatrical credits included performances as Jimmy in ''The Rainmaker'' and as Harvey Weems in Horton Foote's ''The Midnight Caller''.Duvall biography at program booklet for 1957_Playbill_WitnessFortheProsecution.pdf at gatewayplayhouse.com/Archive/Playbill/1957. Retrieved January 3, 2012. Already receiving top-billing at the Gateway Playhouse, in the 1959 season, he appeared in lead roles as Stanley Kowalski in Tennessee Williams' ''A Streetcar Named Desire'' (July–August 1959), Maxwell Archer in ''Once More with Feeling'', Igor Romanoff in Peter Ustinov's ''Romanoff and Juliet'', and Joe Mancuso in Kyle Crichton's ''The Happiest Millionaire'' (all in August 1959).

At the Neighborhood Playhouse, Meisner cast him in Tennessee Williams' ''Camino Real'' and the title role of Harvey Weems in Foote's one-act play ''The Midnight Caller''. The latter was already part of Duvall's performance credits by mid-July 1957.

Duvall made his off-Broadway debut at the Gate Theater as Frank Gardner in George Bernard Shaw's ''Mrs. Warren's Profession'' on June 25, 1958. This play closed three days later (June 28) after five performances. His other early off-Broadway credits include the role of Doug in the premiere of Michael Shurtleff's '' Call Me By My Rightful Name'' on January 31, 1961, at One Sheridan Square and the role of Bob Smith in the premiere of William Snyder's ''The Days and Nights of BeeBee Fenstermaker'' on September 17, 1962, until June 9, 1963, at the Sheridan Square Playhouse. His most notable off-Broadway performance, for which he won an Obie Award in 1965 and which he considers his "Othello", was as Eddie Carbone (again) in Miller's ''A View From the Bridge'' at the Sheridan Square Playhouse from January 28, 1965, to December 11, 1966. It was directed again by Ulu Grosbard with Dustin Hoffman. On February 2, 1966, he made his Broadway debut as Harry Roat, Jr in Frederick Knott's ''Wait Until Dark'' at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre. This played at the Shubert Theatre and George Abbott Theatre and closed on December 31, 1966, at the Music Box Theatre. His other Broadway performance was as Walter Cole in David Mamet's ''American Buffalo'', which opened at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre on February 16, 1977, and closed at the Belasco Theatre on June 11, 1977.

Television

In 1959, Duvall made his first television appearance on ''Armstrong Circle Theater'' in the episode "The Jailbreak". He appeared regularly on television as a guest actor during the 1960s, often in action, suspense, detective, or crime dramas. His appearances during this time include performances on ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents'', '' Naked City'', ''The Untouchables'', '' Route 66'', ''The Twilight Zone'', ''Combat!'', '' The Outer Limits'', '' The Fugitive'', '' T.H.E. Cat'', ''Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea'', ''The Time Tunnel'', ''The F.B.I.'', and ''The Mod Squad''.

Film

His film debut was as Boo Radley in the critically acclaimed ''To Kill a Mockingbird'' (1962). He was cast in the film on the recommendation of screenwriter Horton Foote, who met Duvall at Neighborhood Playhouse during a 1957 production of Foote's play, ''The Midnight Caller''. Foote, who collaborated with Duvall many more times over the course of their careers, said he believed Duvall had a particular love of common people and ability to infuse fascinating revelations into his roles. Foote has described Duvall as "our number one actor."

After ''To Kill a Mockingbird'', Duvall appeared in a number of films during the 1960s, mostly in midsized parts, but also in a few larger supporting roles. Some of his more notable appearances include the role of Capt. Paul Cabot Winston in '' Captain Newman, M.D.'' (1963), Chiz in ''Countdown'' (1968), and Gordon in ''The Rain People''. Duvall had a small part as a cab driver who ferries McQueen around just before the chase scene in the film ''Bullitt'' (1968). He was the notorious malefactor "Lucky" Ned Pepper in ''True Grit'' (1969), in which he engaged in a climactic shootout with John Wayne's Rooster Cogburn on horseback.

Mid career: 1970–1989

Duvall became an important presence in American films beginning in the 1970s. He drew a considerable amount of attention in 1970 for his portrayal of the malevolent Major Frank Burns in the film '' MASH'' and for his portrayal of the title role in ''THX 1138'' in 1971 where he plays a fugitive trying to escape a society controlled by robots. His first major critical success came portraying Tom Hagen in ''The Godfather'' (1972) and ''The Godfather Part II'' (1974), the 1972 film earning him an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. In 1976, Duvall played supporting roles in '' The Eagle Has Landed'', and as Dr. Watson in ''The Seven-Per-Cent Solution'' with Nicol Williamson, Alan Arkin, Vanessa Redgrave and Laurence Olivier.

By the mid-1970s Duvall was a top character actor; ''People'' described him as "Hollywood's No. 1 No. 2 lead". Duvall received another Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor and won both a BAFTA Award and Golden Globe Award for his role as Lt. Colonel Kilgore in ''Apocalypse Now'' (1979). His line "I love the smell of napalm in the morning" from ''Apocalypse Now'' is regarded as iconic in cinema history. The full text is:

Duvall received a BAFTA Award nomination for his portrayal of detestable television executive Frank Hackett in the critically acclaimed film ''Network'' (1976) and garnered an Oscar nomination for Best Actor in a Leading Role in ''The Great Santini'' (1979) as the hard-boiled Marine Lt. Col. "Bull" Meechum. The latter role was based on a Marine aviator, Colonel Donald Conroy, the father of the book's author Pat Conroy. He also co-starred with Laurence Olivier and Tommy Lee Jones in ''The Betsy'' (1978) and portrayed United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower in the television miniseries ''Ike'' (1979).

Francis Ford Coppola praised Duvall as "one of the four or five best actors in the world". Wanting top billing in films, in 1977 Duvall returned to Broadway to appear as Walter Cole in David Mamet's ''American Buffalo'', stating "I hope this will get me better film roles". He received a Drama Desk Award nomination for Outstanding Actor in a Play.

Duvall continued appearing in films during the 1980s, including the roles of disillusioned sportswriter Max Mercy in ''The Natural'' (1984) and Los Angeles police officer Bob Hodges in ''Colors'' (1988). He won an Oscar for Best Actor as country western singer Mac Sledge in ''Tender Mercies'' (1983). Duvall did his own singing, insisting it be added to his contract that he sing the songs himself; Duvall said, "What's the point if you're not going to do your own inging They're just going to dub somebody else? I mean, there's no point to that."

Actress Tess Harper, who co-starred, said Duvall inhabited the character so fully that she only got to know Mac Sledge and not Duvall himself. Director Bruce Beresford, too, said the transformation was so believable to him that he could feel his skin crawling up the back of his neck the first day of filming with Duvall. Beresford said of the actor, "Duvall has the ability to completely inhabit the person he's acting. He totally and utterly becomes that person to a degree which is uncanny." Nevertheless, Duvall and Beresford did not get along well during the production and often clashed during filming, including one day in which Beresford walked off the set in frustration.

In 1989, Duvall appeared in the miniseries ''Lonesome Dove'' in the role of Captain Augustus "Gus" McCrae, Texas Rangers (retired). He has considered this particular role to be his personal favorite. He won a Golden Globe Award and earned an Emmy Award nomination. For his role as a former Texas Ranger peace officer, Duvall was trained in the use of Walker revolvers by the Texas marksman Joe Bowman.

Later career: 1990–present

For ''The Godfather Part III'' (1990), Duvall declined the part, unless he was paid a salary comparable to Al Pacino's. In 2004, Duvall said on ''60 Minutes'', "if they paid Pacino twice what they paid me, that's fine, but not three or four times, which is what they did." In 1992, Duvall founded the production company Butcher's Run Films. Duvall has maintained a busy film career, sometimes appearing in as many as four in one year. He received Oscar nominations for his portrayals of evangelical preacher Euliss "Sonny" Dewey in ''The Apostle'' (1997)—a film he also wrote and directed—and played lawyer Jerome Facher in ''A Civil Action'' (1998).

He directed ''Assassination Tango'' (2002), a thriller about one of his favorite hobbies, tango. He portrayed General Robert E. Lee in '' Gods and Generals'' in 2003.

Other roles during this period that displayed the actor's wide range included that of a crew chief in '' Days of Thunder'' (1990), a retiring cop in ''Falling Down'' (1993), a Hispanic barber in ''Wrestling Ernest Hemingway'' (1993), a New York tabloid editor in '' The Paper'' (1994), a rural doctor in ''Phenomenon'' (1996), a father who owns a jumper horse farm in '' Something to Talk About'' (1995), an abusive father in 1996's ''Sling Blade'', an astronaut in '' Deep Impact'' (1998), a mechanic in '' Gone in 60 Seconds'' (2000), a soccer coach in ''A Shot at Glory'', a scientist in ''The 6th Day'' (2000), a police officer in ''John Q.'' (2002), a trail boss in ''Open Range'' (2003), another soccer coach in the comedy '' Kicking & Screaming'', an old free spirit in ''Secondhand Lions'' (2003), a Las Vegas poker champion in '' Lucky You'', and a New York police chief in '' We Own the Night'' (both 2007).

He has his own star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame.

Duvall has periodically worked in television from the 1990s on. He won a Golden Globe Award and garnered an Emmy nomination for his portrayal of Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin in the 1992 television film ''Stalin''. He was nominated for an Emmy again in 1997 for portraying Adolf Eichmann

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