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The genus ''Quercus'' contains about 500 species, some of which are listed here. The genus, as is the case with many large genera, is
divided Division is one of the four basic operations of arithmetic, the ways that numbers are combined to make new numbers. The other operations are addition, subtraction, and multiplication. At an elementary level the division of two natural numb ...
into
subgenera In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between t ...
and
section Section, Sectioning or Sectioned may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * Section (music), a complete, but not independent, musical idea * Section (typography), a subdivision, especially of a chapter, in books and documents ** Section sign ...
s. Traditionally, the genus ''Quercus'' was divided into the two subgenera ''
Cyclobalanopsis An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ...
'', the ring-cupped oaks, and ''Quercus'', which included all the other sections. However, a comprehensive revision in 2017 identified different relationships. Now the genus is commonly divided into a subgenus ''Quercus'' and a sugenus ''Cerris'', with ''Cyclobalanopsis'' included in the latter. The sections of subgenus ''Quercus'' are mostly native to the
New World The term ''New World'' is often used to mean the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 3 ...
, with the notable exception of the white oaks of sect. ''Quercus'' and the endemic
Quercus pontica ''Quercus pontica'', the Pontine oak or Armenian oak, is a species of endangered oak currently extant to the western Caucasus mountains of Georgia and northeastern Turkey where it grows at altitudes of . Description ''Quercus pontica'' is a deci ...
. In contrast, the sections of the subgenus ''Cerris'' are exclusively native to the
Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by the ...
.


Legend

Species with
evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...
foliage ("
live oak Live oak or evergreen oak is any of a number of oaks in several different sections of the genus ''Quercus'' that share the characteristic of evergreen foliage. These oaks are not more closely related to each other than they are to other oaks. ...
s") are tagged '#'. Species in the genus have been recategorized between
deciduous In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, aft ...
and evergreen on numerous occasions, although this does not necessarily mean that species in the two groups are closely related.


Subgenus ''Quercus''


Section ''Quercus''

up'' Quercus hiholensis'' acorn in matrix The white oaks (synonym sect. ''Lepidobalanus'' or ''Leucobalanus''). Europe, Asia, north Africa, North America. Styles short; acorns mature in 6 months, sweet or slightly bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless. * ''
Quercus ajoensis ''Quercus ajoensis'' is an uncommon North American shrub with the common name Ajo Mountain shrub oak. It has been found in Arizona mountain ranges of the Colorado desert, and Arizona uplands of the Sonoran desert. ''Q. ajoensis'' integrates with ...
'' — Ajo Mountain shrub oak, Blue shrub oak —
Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ...
,
New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Tiguex , OfficialLang = None , Languages = English, Spanish ( New Mexican), Navajo, Ker ...
,
Baja California Baja California (; 'Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California), is a state in Mexico. It is the northernmost and westernmost of the 32 federal entities of Mex ...
* ''
Quercus alba An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably '' ...
'' — white oak — eastern and central North America * ''
Quercus aliena ''Quercus aliena'', the galcham oak or oriental white oak, is a species of oak in the family Fagaceae, in the white oak section ''Quercus''. Description It is a deciduous tree growing to tall with a trunk up to in diameter with fissured gray ...
'' — Oriental white oak — eastern Asia * ''
Quercus ariifolia ''Quercus ariifolia'' is a species of oak native to the Sierra Madre Oriental of Mexico. Description ''Quercus ariifolia'' belongs to the ''Quercus rugosa'' group of species. The species of this group are characterized by obovate, occasionally ...
'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus arizonica ''Quercus arizonica'', the Arizona white oak, is a North American tree species in the beech family. It is found in Arizona, New Mexico, western Texas, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sinaloa, and Durango. Description The Arizona white oak is on ...
'' — Arizona white oak — # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico * ''
Quercus austrina ''Quercus austrina'', the bastard white oak or bluff oak, is an oak species that is endemic to the southeastern United States from Mississippi to the Carolinas, with a few isolated populations in Arkansas. ''Quercus austrina'' can grow to a hei ...
'' — bluff oak — southeastern North America * ''
Quercus × bebbiana ''Quercus'' × ''bebbiana'' (or ''Quercus bebbiana''), known as Bebb's oak, is a naturally occurring hybrid of white oak (''Quercus alba'') and burr oak ('' Quercus macrocarpa''). It occurs where their ranges overlap in the eastern United States ...
'' — Bebb's oak — northeastern North America * ''
Quercus berberidifolia ''Quercus berberidifolia'', the California scrub oak, is a small evergreen or semi-evergreen shrubby oak in the white oak section of ''Quercus''. It is a native of the scrubby hills of California, and is a common member of chaparral ecosystems ...
'' — California shrub oak — # California * ''
Quercus bicolor ''Quercus bicolor'', the swamp white oak, is a North American species of medium-sized trees in the beech family. It is a common element of America's north central and northeastern mixed forests. It can survive in a variety of habitats. It forms ...
'' — swamp white oak — eastern and midwestern North America * ''
Quercus × bimundorum ''Quercus × bimundorum'' (or ''Quercus bimundorum''), known as two worlds oak, is a naturally occurring hybrid of white oak, ''Quercus alba'' (from the New World), and pedunculate oak, ''Quercus robur ''Quercus robur'', commonly known as com ...
'' — two worlds oak * ''
Quercus boyntonii ''Quercus boyntonii'' is a rare North American species of oak in the beech family. At present, it is found only in Alabama, although historical records say that it formerly grew in Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a ...
'' — Boynton's post oak — south central North America * ''
Quercus brandegeei ''Quercus brandegeei'' is a rare Mexican species of plant in the beech family, Fagaceae, in the oak genus ''Quercus'', series '' Virentes''. It has been found only in the southern part of the State of Baja California Sur in northwestern Mexico. ...
'' — Brandegee oak- Baja California Sur * ''
Quercus carmenensis ''Quercus carmenensis'', the Mexican oak, is a tree species native to Brewster County, Texas, and Coahuila, Mexico. It grows in pine-oak forests at elevations of . It is a deciduous In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''decid ...
'' — Carmen oak — Coahuila and Texas * ''
Quercus chapmanii ''Quercus chapmanii'', commonly referred to as the Chapman oak, is a species of oak that grows in the southeastern United States. Description ''Quercus chapmanii'' is a shrub or small tree occasionally reaching a height of 6 meters (20 feet) bu ...
'' — Chapman oak — # southeastern North America * ''
Quercus chihuahuensis ''Quercus chihuahuensis'', the Chihuahua oak, is a species of oak in the beech family.Trelease, Memoirs of the National Academy of Science vol 20. 1924. It is native to the region from extreme western Texas west to Sonora, Mexico, and south to ...
'' — Chihuahua oak — northern Mexico and Texas * ''
Quercus cornelius-mulleri ''Quercus cornelius-mulleri'' is a North American species of oak known by the common name Muller oak, or Muller's oak. It was described to science in 1981 when it was segregated from the ''Quercus dumosa'' complex and found to warrant species st ...
'' — Muller oak — # southwestern North America * '' Quercus conzattii'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus copeyensis ''Quercus copeyensis'' is a species of oak endemic to the Talamancan montane forests of Costa Rica and Panama. It is commonly called Panamanian oak. ''Quercus copeyensis'' is a large deciduous In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the ...
'' — #
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,
Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...
* ''
Quercus dalechampii ''Quercus dalechampii'' is a European species of oak in the family Fagaceae. It is native to southeastern Europe: Bulgaria, Greece and the rest of the Balkan Peninsula, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic The Czech ...
'' — southeastern Europe * ''
Quercus depressipes ''Quercus depressipes'' (known as depressed oak and Davis Mountain oak) is a species of plant in the family Fagaceae. It is found in North America, primarily Mexico and the United States. Description ''Quercus depressipes'' is a type of live oak ...
'' — Davis Mountain oak — northern Mexico and Texas * ''
Quercus deserticola ''Quercus deserticola'' is a Mexican species of oaks in the beech family. It grows in central Mexico in the States of Guanajuato, México, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Querétaro, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Puebla, and Michoacán. Description ''Quercus deserti ...
'' — # Mexico * ''
Quercus diversifolia ''Quercus diversifolia'' is an uncommon North American species of oak native to Mexico. It has been found in the states of Nuevo León, Durango, México State, México, and Puebla. ''Quercus diversifolia'' is a shrub or small tree tall. The lea ...
'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus douglasii ''Quercus douglasii'', known as blue oak, is a species of oak endemic to (and found only in) California, common in the Coast Ranges and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. It is California's most drought-tolerant deciduous oak, and is a dominan ...
'' — blue oak — California * ''
Quercus dumosa ''Quercus dumosa'' is a species of plant in the family Fagaceae, belonging to the white oak section of the oak genus (''Quercus''). This tree goes by the common names coastal sage scrub oak and Nuttall's scrub oak. Description ''Quercus dumosa ...
'' — coastal shrub oak — # southern California, Baja California, Arizona * '' Quercus durata'' — Leather oak — # California * ''
Quercus edwardsiae ''Quercus edwardsiae'' is a species of oak endemic to northeastern Mexico. Description It is closely related to ''Quercus porphyrogenita''. Range and habitat ''Quercus edwardsiae'' is endemic to the Sierra de Lampazos of Nuevo León state of no ...
'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus engelmannii ''Quercus engelmannii'', the Engelmann oak or Pasadena oak, is a species of oak in the white oak section (''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus''), native to southern California and northwestern Baja California, Mexico. Description ''Quercus engelmannii'' ...
'' — Engelmann oak — # southern California, Baja California * ''
Quercus fabrei ''Quercus fabrei'', or Faber's oak, is a species of deciduous oak tree found in China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, south Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Zhejiang provinces) as well as Hong Kong ...
'' — Faber's oak — central to southern China * ''
Quercus faginea ''Quercus faginea'', the Portuguese oak, is a species of oak native to the western Mediterranean region in the Iberian Peninsula. Similar trees in the Atlas Mountains of northwest Africa are usually included in this species, or sometimes treate ...
'' — Portuguese oak — # southwestern Europe * '' Quercus fulva'' — Mexico * †'' Quercus furuhjelmi'' — Eocene to Miocene - Alaska, Kazhakstan * ''
Quercus fusiformis ''Quercus fusiformis'' (also often referred to as ''Q. virginiana'' var. ''fusiformis''), commonly known as escarpment live oak, plateau live oak, plateau oak, or Texas live oak, is an evergreen or nearly evergreen tree. Its native range inc ...
'' — Texas live oak or plateau live oak — # south central North America * ''
Quercus gambelii ''Quercus gambelii'', with the common name Gambel oak, is a deciduous small tree or large shrub that is widespread in the foothills and lower mountains of western North America. It is also regionally called scrub oak, oak brush, and white oak. ...
'' — Gambel oak — southwestern North America * ''
Quercus garryana ''Quercus garryana'' is an oak tree species of the Pacific Northwest, with a range stretching from southern California to southwestern British Columbia. It is commonly known as the Oregon white oak or Oregon oak or, in Canada, the Garry oak. It ...
'' — Oregon white oak or Garry oak — western North America * ''
Quercus geminata ''Quercus geminata'', commonly called sand live oak, is an evergreen oak tree native to the coastal regions of the subtropical southeastern United States, along the Atlantic Coast from southern Florida northward to southeastern Virginia and al ...
'' — sand live oak — # southeastern United States * ''
Quercus glaucoides ''Quercus glaucoides'' is an oak species in the white oak section, ''Quercus'' section ''Quercus'', found in and endemic to eastern, central and southern Mexico (Guanajuato, Guerrero, México State, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Puebl ...
'' — # Mexico * ''
Quercus greggii ''Quercus greggi'', otherwise known as the Mexican oak, is a monoecious semi-evergreen oak that is adapted to survive in arid conditions. It is native to Mexico and commonly grow around north of the 24th parallel and spreads across multiple l ...
'' — # Mexico * ''
Quercus griffithii ''Quercus griffithii'', called paisang, is a species of oak native to the eastern Himalayas, Tibet, south-central and southeast China, Assam, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. It is in the subgenus ''Quercus'', section ''Quercus''. Some autho ...
'' — southeast Asia * ''
Quercus grisea ''Quercus grisea'', commonly known as the gray oak, shin oak or scrub oak, is a North American species deciduous or evergreen shrub or medium-sized tree in the white oak group. It is native to the mountains of the southwestern United States and ...
'' — gray oak — # southwestern North America * '' Quercus hartwissiana'' — Strandzha oak — southeastern
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, southwestern
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* '' Quercus havardii'' — Havard oak, shinnery oak, shin oak — south central North America * †''
Quercus hiholensis ''Quercus hiholensis'' is an extinct species of oak in the Fagaceae genus ''Quercus''. The species is known from Middle Miocene fossils found in Central Washington. Description ''Q. hiholensis'' acorns range in size from to with an umbo ...
'' — Miocene — # Washington State * '' Quercus hinckleyi'' — Hinckley oak — # Texas, northwestern Mexico * ''
Quercus hondurensis ''Quercus elliptica'' is a Mesoamerican species of oak tree. It is widespread across central and southern Mexico and Central America from Sinaloa and Hidalgo south as far as Nicaragua.Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...
* ''
Quercus iberica ''Quercus iberica'', the Georgian oak, is a deciduous tree native to the Caucasus (including regions of coastal northeastern Turkey, Asia Minor and Iran).''Georgian State (Soviet) Encyclopedia.'' 1986. Book 10. p. 483. The Georgian oak is a ...
—'' Georgian oak — Caucasus an bordering regions * ''
Quercus infectoria ''Quercus infectoria'' or the Aleppo oak is a species of oak well known for producing galls (called manjakani in Malaysia, majuphal in India) that have been traditionally used for centuries in Asia medicinally while also used in softening leathe ...
'' — Aleppo oak, Cyprus oak — southern Europe, southwestern Asia ** ''
Quercus infectoria ''Quercus infectoria'' or the Aleppo oak is a species of oak well known for producing galls (called manjakani in Malaysia, majuphal in India) that have been traditionally used for centuries in Asia medicinally while also used in softening leathe ...
'' Olivier var. ''veneris'' (C.K. Schneider) Meikle, or ''Quercus boissieri'' Reut./Boissier oak — Mount Hermon, Golan Heights, and Jordan * '' Quercus insignis'' — Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama * ''
Quercus intricata ''Quercus intricata'', common name dwarf oak, intricate oak or Coahuila scrub oak, is a plant species native to northern Mexico and western Texas. Description ''Quercus intricata'' is an evergreen shrub that reproduces vegetatively, producing la ...
'' — Coahuila scrub oak — # two isolated localities in west Texas, northern
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
* '' Quercus john-tuckeri'' — Tucker's oak — California * ''
Quercus laceyi ''Quercus laceyi'', the Lacey oak, is a small to medium-size deciduous oak tree which is native to northeastern Mexico (Coahuila and Nuevo León) and to the Texas Hill Country in central Texas in the United States. Description ''Quercus laceyi ...
'' — lacey oak — Edwards Plateau of Texas, northern Mexico * ''
Quercus laeta ''Quercus laeta'' is an oak species in the white oak section, ''Quercus'' section ''Quercus'', in the beech family. It is widespread across much of Mexico from Sinaloa and Nuevo León south as far as Oaxaca. Description ''Quercus laeta'' is a ...
'' — Mexico * '' Quercus lanata'' — woolly-leaved oak — # Himalayas, southeast Asia * '' Quercus lancifolia'' — southwestern North America, Mexico, South America * '' Quercus leucotrichophora'' — Banj oak, blackjack oak, grey oak — # Himalayas * '' Quercus liebmannii'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus lobata ''Quercus lobata'', commonly called the valley oak or roble, grows into the largest of California oaks. It is endemic to California, growing in interior valleys and foothills from Siskiyou County to San Diego County. Mature specimens may attain ...
'' — valley oak or California white oak — California * ''
Quercus lusitanica ''Quercus lusitanica'', commonly known as gall oak, Lusitanian oak, or dyer's oak, is a species of oak native to Portugal, Spain ( Galicia and western Andalucia) and Morocco. ''Quercus lusitanica'' is the source of commercial nutgalls. These gal ...
'' — gall oak or Lusitanian oak — Iberia, North Africa * ''
Quercus lyrata ''Quercus lyrata'', the overcup oak, is an oak in the white oak group (''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus''). The common name, overcup oak, refers to its acorns that are mostly enclosed within the acorn cup. It is native to lowland wetlands in the eas ...
'' — overcup oak — eastern North America * ''
Quercus macrocarpa ''Quercus macrocarpa'', the bur oak or burr oak, is a species of oak tree native to eastern North America. It is in the white oak section, ''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus'', and is also called mossycup oak, mossycup white oak, blue oak, or scrub oa ...
'' — bur oak — eastern and central North America * ''
Quercus margarettae ''Quercus margarettae'', the sand post oak or dwarf post oak, is a North American species of oak in the beech family. It is native to the southeastern and south-central United States from Virginia to Florida and west as far as Texas and Oklahom ...
'' — sand post oak — southeastern North America * '' Quercus magnoliifolia'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus martinezii ''Quercus martinezii'' is a species of oak found in southwestern and central Mexico. It has been found in Nayarit, Jalisco, Michoacán, Guerrero, and Oaxaca states.
'' — # Mexico * ''
Quercus mohriana ''Quercus mohriana'', commonly known as the Mohr oak, shin oak or scrub oak, is a North American evergreen shrub or small tree in the white oak group and is native to the south-central United States and north-central Mexico. The species epith ...
'' — Mohr oak — # southwestern North America * ''
Quercus montana ''Quercus montana'', the chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group, ''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus''. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is one of the most important ridgetop trees from southern Maine southwest to ...
'' — chestnut oak — eastern North America (= ''Quercus prinus'') * ''
Quercus michauxii ''Quercus michauxii'', the swamp chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak section ''Quercus'' section ''Quercus'' in the beech family. It is native to bottomlands and wetlands in the southeastern and midwestern United States, in coastal ...
'' — swamp chestnut oak — eastern North America * '' Quercus microphylla'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus minima ''Quercus minima'', the dwarf live oak or minimal oak, is a North American species of shrubs in the beech family. It is native to the southeastern United States. ''Quercus minima'' is an evergreen or semi-evergreen shrub rarely more than tall ...
'' — dwarf live oak — # southeastern North America * ''
Quercus mongolica ''Quercus mongolica'', commonly known as Mongolian oak, is a species of oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The commo ...
'' — Mongolian oak — eastern Asia * ''
Quercus muehlenbergii ''Quercus muehlenbergii'', the chinquapin (or chinkapin) oak, is a deciduous species of tree in the white oak group (''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus''). The species was often called ''Quercus acuminata'' in older literature. ''Quercus muehlenbergii ...
'' — Chinkapin oak — eastern, central, and southwestern US (West Texas and
New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Tiguex , OfficialLang = None , Languages = English, Spanish ( New Mexican), Navajo, Ker ...
), northern Mexico * '' Quercus oblongifolia'' — Arizona blue oak, Southwestern blue oak, or Mexican blue oak — # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico * ''
Quercus obtusata ''Quercus obtusata'' is an oak in the white oak group (''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus'') endemic to Mexico, with a distribution ranging from San Luis Potosí and Nayarit south to Oaxaca Oaxaca ( , also , , from nci, Huāxyacac ), officially th ...
'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus oglethorpensis ''Quercus oglethorpensis'' (also called Oglethorpe oak) is a species of plant in the beech family. It is endemic to the United States. It is named for Oglethorpe County, Georgia, where it was first discovered. The county, in turn, is named for J ...
'' — Oglethorpe oak — southeastern North America * ''
Quercus oleoides ''Quercus oleoides'', with Spanish common names encina or encino, is a Mesoamerican species of oak in the live oak group (''Quercus'' sect. ''Virentes''). It grows in dry forests and pastureland of eastern and southern Mexico and much of Centra ...
'' — # from Costa Rica into Mexico * ''
Quercus oocarpa ''Quercus oocarpa'' is a Mesoamerican species of oak. It is native to Central America and eastern Mexico, with an isolated population in the canyons of Jalisco in western Mexico.Muller, C. H. 1942. The Central American species of ''Quercus''. U ...
'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus pacifica ''Quercus pacifica'' is a species of oak known by the common names island scrub oak, Channel Island scrub oak, and Pacific oak. Description ''Quercus pacifica'' is a shrub or a small tree growing up to in height, or occasionally taller. The l ...
'' — # Channel Islands, California * ''
Quercus peduncularis ''Quercus peduncularis'' is an oak native to Mexico and Central America, ranging from Jalisco to Honduras.
'' — # Central America * ''
Quercus petraea ''Quercus petraea'', commonly known as the sessile oak, Cornish oak, Irish Oak or durmast oak, is a species of oak tree native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran. The sessile oak is the national tree of Ireland, and an unofficial emble ...
'' — sessile oak, durmast oak — Europe, Anatolia * ''
Quercus polymorpha ''Quercus polymorpha'', the Mexican white oak, Monterrey oak or netleaf white oak, is a North American species of oak. It is widespread in Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras, and known from a single population in the United States (about north of t ...
'' — Monterrey oak, Mexican white oak — # Mexico and extreme S. Texas * ''
Quercus praeco ''Quercus praeco'' is a Mexican species of trees in the Fagaceae, beech family. It is native to the States of Jalisco and Nayarit in western Mexico and Nuevo León in northeastern Mexico.
'' — Mexico * ''
Quercus prinoides ''Quercus prinoides'', commonly known as dwarf chinkapin oak, dwarf chinquapin oak, dwarf chestnut oak or scrub chestnut oak, is a shrubby, clone-forming oak native to central-eastern North America. Description The dwarf chinkapin oak is a ...
'' — dwarf chinkapin oak — eastern North America * ''
Quercus pubescens ''Quercus pubescens'', the downy oak or pubescent oak, is a species of white oak (genus ''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus'') native to southern Europe and southwest Asia, from northern Spain (Pyrenees) east to the Crimea and the Caucasus. It is also fou ...
'' — downy oak — Europe, Anatolia * ''
Quercus pungens ''Quercus pungens'', commonly known as the sandpaper oak or scrub oak, is a North American species evergreen or sub-evergreen shrub or small tree in the white oak group. There is one recognised variety, ''Quercus pungens var. vaseyana'', the Vas ...
'' — Sandpaper oak or Pungens oak — southwestern U.S., Mexico * ''
Quercus robur ''Quercus robur'', commonly known as common oak, pedunculate oak, European oak or English oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native plant, native to most of Europe west of the Caucasus ...
'' — pedunculate oak, English oak or French oak — Europe, West Asia * ''
Quercus rugosa ''Quercus rugosa'', commonly known as the netleaf oak, is a broad-leaved tree in the beech and oak family Fagaceae. It is native to southern North America. Description ''Quercus rugosa'' is an evergreen shrub or tree. The bark is brown and ...
'' — netleaf oak or Rugosa oak — # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico * '' Quercus sagraeana'' — Cuban oak — # western
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
* '' Quercus × schuettei'' — Schuette's oak — US, Canada * '' Quercus sebifera'' — # Mexico * '' Quercus segoviensis'' — Mexico and northern Central America * ''
Quercus serrata ''Quercus serrata'', the jolcham oak, (, ) is an East Asian species of tree in the beech family. It is native to China, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea. Description ''Quercus serrata'' is a deciduous oak tree reaching a height of occupying elevations ...
'' — Bao Li — # China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea * ''Quercus similis'' — swamp post oak — southeastern North America * ''Quercus sinuata'' — bastard oak — southern North America (formerly identified as ''Quercus durandii'') ** Quercus sinuata var. breviloba, ''Quercus sinuata'' var. ''breviloba'' — Bigelow oak — northern Mexico, central Texas north to southwest and southcentral Oklahoma. ** Quercus sinuata var. sinuata, ''Quercus sinuata'' var. ''sinuata'' — Durand oak — central Texas north to extreme southwest Arkansas, thence west to the Carolinas. * ''Quercus stellata'' — post oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus striatula'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental and Mexican Plateau ranges) * ''Quercus subspathulata'' — Mexico * ''Quercus tarahumara'' — northwestern Mexico * ''Quercus toumeyi'' — Toumey oak — # southwest New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, northern Mexico * ''Quercus tuberculata'' — Mexico * ''Quercus turbinella'' — Turbinella oak, Arizona Blue Shrub oak, Shrub live oak or scrub live oak — # southwestern North America * ''Quercus × turneri'' — Turner's oak — Spain * ''Quercus vaseyana'' — Vasey oak — # southwestern North America * ''Quercus verde'' — Mexico * ''Quercus vicentensis'' — El Salvador, Guatemala, and southern Mexico * ''Quercus virginiana'' — southern live oak — # southeastern North America * ''Quercus welshii'' — havard oak, Utah sand oak, wavy leaf oak — # southwestern North America * ''Quercus wutaishanica'' — Liaoning oak — China, Mongolia


Section ''Ponticae''

Western Asia and Western North America, produces catkins up to 10cm long, acorns mature annually. * ''
Quercus pontica ''Quercus pontica'', the Pontine oak or Armenian oak, is a species of endangered oak currently extant to the western Caucasus mountains of Georgia and northeastern Turkey where it grows at altitudes of . Description ''Quercus pontica'' is a deci ...
'' — Pontine oak — western Asia * ''Quercus sadleriana'' — deer oak — # southwestern Oregon, northern California


Section ''Mesobalanus''

Europe, Asia, north Africa. Styles long; acorns mature in 6 months, bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless (closely related to sect. ''Quercus'' and sometimes included in it). * ''Quercus canariensis'' — Mirbeck's oak or Algerian oak — # North Africa & Spain * ''Quercus dentata'' — daimyo oak — eastern Asia * ''Quercus frainetto'' — Hungarian oak or Italian oak — southeastern Europe * ''Quercus macranthera'' — Caucasian oak or Persian oak — western Asia * ''Quercus pyrenaica'' — Pyrenean oak — southwestern Europe * ''Quercus vulcanica'' — Kasnak oak — southwestern Asia


Section ''Protobalanus''

The intermediate oaks. Southwest USA and northwest Mexico. Styles short, acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly. * ''Quercus cedrosensis'' — Cedros Island oak — # California + Baja California * ''Quercus chrysolepis'' — canyon live oak — # southwestern North America * ''Quercus palmeri'' — Palmer oak — # California, western Arizona * ''Quercus tomentella'' — island oak — # offshore islands of California + Baja California * ''Quercus vacciniifolia'' — huckleberry oak — # southwestern North America


Section ''Lobatae''

The red oaks (synonym sect. ''Erythrobalanus''). North, Central and South America. Styles long, acorns mature in 18 months (in most species),Kershner, Bruce, and Craig Tufts. ''National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America''. New York: Sterling Pub., 2008. Print. very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly. * ''Quercus acerifolia'' — maple-leaved oak or mapleleaf oak — Arkansas * ''Quercus acherdophylla'' – # Mexico * ''Quercus acutifolia'' — Mexico * ''Quercus affinis'' – # Mexico * ''Quercus agrifolia'' — coast live oak — # California, northern Baja California * ''Quercus albocincta'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental) * ''Quercus aristata'' — Mexico * ''Quercus arkansana'' — Arkansas oak — southeastern North America * ''Quercus benthamii'' – # southern Mexico and Central America * ''Quercus brenesii'' — Costa Rica, Mexico * ''Quercus buckleyi'' — Texas red oak — south central North America * ''Quercus canbyi'' — Canby oak or Mexican red oak — # Mexico * ''Quercus candicans'' — Mexico * ''Quercus castanea'' — # Mexico * ''Quercus coccinea'' — scarlet oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus coccolobifolia'' — Mexico * ''Quercus coffeicolor'' — Mexico * ''Quercus conspersa'' — Mexico * '' Quercus conzattii'' — Mexico * ''Quercus cortesii'' – # southern Mexico and Central America * ''Quercus costaricensis'' — # Costa Rica, Panama * ''Quercus crassifolia'' — Mexico * ''Quercus crassipes'' — Mexico * ''Quercus crispipilis'' — Mexico, Guatemala * ''Quercus cualensis'' — # Mexico (Sierra Madre del Sur) * ''Quercus delgadoana'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental) * ''Quercus depressa'' — Mexico * ''Quercus durifolia'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental) * ''Quercus dysophylla'' — Mexico * ''Quercus eduardii'' — Mexico * ''Quercus ellipsoidalis'' — northern pin oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus elliptica'' — Mexico * ''Quercus emoryi'' — Emory oak — # southwestern U.S., northern Mexico * ''Quercus falcata'' — southern red oak or Spanish oak — southeastern North America * ''Quercus flocculenta'' — Mexico * ''Quercus frutex'' — Mexico * '' Quercus fulva'' — Mexico * ''Quercus furfuracea'' — Mexico * ''Quercus gentryi'' — Mexico * ''Quercus glabrescens'' — Mexico * ''Quercus gravesii'' — Chisos red oak or Graves oak — Mexico, southwestern North America (Texas) * ''Quercus graciliformis'' — Chisos oak — western Texas * ''Quercus georgiana'' — Georgia oak — southeastern North America * ''Quercus hemisphaerica'' — laurel oak or Darlington oak — # southeastern North America * ''Quercus hintonii'' — Mexico * ''Quercus hintoniorum'' — # Mexico * ''Quercus hirtifolia'' — # Mexico * ''Quercus humboldtii'' — Andean oak — # northern South America (Colombia & Panama) * ''Quercus hypoleucoides'' — silverleaf oak — # southwestern North America * ''Quercus hypoxantha'' — # Mexico * ''Quercus ilicifolia'' — bear oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus iltisii'' — western Mexico * ''Quercus imbricaria'' — shingle oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus incana'' — bluejack oak — southeastern North America * ''Quercus inopina'' — sandhill oak — Florida * ''Quercus jonesii'' — northern Mexico * ''Quercus kelloggii'' — California black oak — California, southwestern Oregon * ''Quercus laevis'' — turkey oak — southeastern North America * ''Quercus laurifolia'' — laurel oak — # southeastern North America * ''Quercus laurina'' — # Mexico * ''Quercus marilandica'' — blackjack oak — eastern North America * ''
Quercus martinezii ''Quercus martinezii'' is a species of oak found in southwestern and central Mexico. It has been found in Nayarit, Jalisco, Michoacán, Guerrero, and Oaxaca states.
'' — Mexico * ''Quercus mcvaughii'' — Mexico (northern and central Sierra Madre Occidental) * ''Quercus mexicana'' — Mexico * ''Quercus mulleri'' — Mexico * ''Quercus myrtifolia'' — myrtle oak — # southeastern North America * ''Quercus nigra'' — water oak — # eastern North America * ''Quercus nixoniana'' — Mexico * ''Quercus pagoda'' — cherrybark oak — southeastern North America * ''Quercus parvula'' — Shreve oak, Santa Cruz Island oak — # coastal California * ''Quercus palustris'' — pin oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus phellos'' — willow oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus pinnativenulosa'' — Mexico * ''Quercus planipocula'' — western Mexico * ''Quercus potosina'' — Mexico * ''Quercus pumila'' — runner oak — # southeastern North America * ''Quercus radiata'' — Mexico (southern Sierra Madre Occidental) * ''Quercus rapurahuensis'' — Talamanca oak — #
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Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...
* ''Quercus resinosa'' — Mexico * ''Quercus robusta'' — Chisos Mountains of Texas * ''Quercus rysophylla'' — loquat-leaf oak — # Mexico * ''Quercus rubra'' — northern red oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus rubramenta'' — Mexico * ''Quercus runcinatifolia'' — Mexico * ''Quercus salicifolia'' — # Mexico * ''Quercus saltillensis'' — Mexico * ''Quercus sapotifolia'' — # southern Mexico, Central America * ''Quercus sartorii'' — Mexico * ''Quercus scytophylla'' — Mexico * ''Quercus shumardii'' — Shumard oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus sideroxyla'' — Mexico * ''Quercus splendens'' — Mexico * ''Quercus skinneri'' — Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras * ''Quercus tarahumara'' — Mexico * ''Quercus tardifolia'' — lateleaf oak — # two small clumps in Chisos Mountains of Texas * ''Quercus texana'' — Nuttall's oak — south central North America (Lower Mississippi River Valley) * ''Quercus urbani'' — Mexico * ''Quercus uxoris'' — Mexico * ''Quercus velutina'' — black oak or eastern black oak or dyer's oak — eastern North America * ''Quercus viminea'' — # Mexico * ''Quercus wislizeni'' — interior live oak — # California * ''Quercus xalapensis'' — Mexico, Central America


Subgenus ''Cerris''


Section ''Cerris''

Europe, Asia, north Africa. Styles long; acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless or slightly hairy. * ''Quercus acutissima'' Carruth. — sawtooth oak — # China (including Tibet), Korea, Japan, Indochina, the Himalayas (Nepal, Bhutan, northeastern India). * ''Quercus afares'' Pomel — African oak — North Africa * ''Quercus brandisiana'' Kurz Upland Indochina, Bangladesh * ''Quercus brantii'' — Persian oak — southwestern Asia * ''Quercus castaneifolia'' — chestnut-leaved oak — Caucasus, Iran (Persia) * ''Quercus cerris'' — Turkey oak — southern Europe, southwestern Asia * ''Quercus chenii'' Nakai — SE China * ''Quercus floribunda'' — Moru oak — # Himalayas * ''Quercus ithaburensis'' — Mount Tabor's oak — southeastern Europe, southwestern Asia * ''Quercus libani'' — Lebanon oak — southwestern Asia * ''Quercus look'' Kotschy ''—'' Levant * ''Quercus macrolepis'' — Vallonea oak — # southwestern Asia * ''Quercus miyagii'' — Ryukyus * ''Quercus pannosa'' # — China * ''Quercus suber'' — cork oak — # southwestern Europe, northwestern Africa * ''Quercus trojana'' — Macedonian oak — # southeastern Europe * ''Quercus variabilis'' — Chinese cork oak — eastern Asia


Section ''Ilex''

Eurasia and northern Africa. Styles medium-long; acorns mature in 12–24 months, appearing hairy on the inside. Evergreen leaves, with bristle-like extensions on the teeth. (Sister group to sect. ''Cerris'' and sometimes included in it) *''Quercus acrodonta'' — # China *''Quercus alnifolia'' — golden oak — # Cyprus *''Quercus aquifolioides'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson — # China (including Tibet) * ''Quercus calliprinos'' — Palestine oak — # southwestern Asia * ''Quercus coccifera'' — kermes oak — # southern Europe * ''Quercus franchetii'' — China, eastern Asia * ''Quercus guyavifolia'' — China * ''Quercus ilex'' — holly oak or holm oak — # southern Europe * Quercus rotundifolia, ''Quercus rotundifolia'' — ballota oak or holm oak — # Iberian peninsula, northwestern Africa * ''Quercus semecarpifolia'' — brown oak or Kharshu oak — # Himalayas * ''Quercus spinosa'' # — China, Myanmar


Section ''Cyclobalanopsis''

The ring-cupped oaks (synonym genus ''Cyclobalanopsis''). Eastern and southeastern Asia. Acorns with distinctive cups bearing concrescent rings of scales; they commonly also have densely clustered acorns, though this does not apply to all of the species. About 150 species. ; Selected species * ''Quercus acuta'' — Japanese evergreen oak. # Japan, Korea * ''Quercus albicaulis'' — # China * ''Quercus annulata'' Sm. — # The Himalayas to Vietnam * ''Quercus arbutifolia'' Hickel & A.Camus — # Vietnam (endemic) * ''Quercus argentata'' — # Malaysia, Indonesia * ''Quercus argyrotricha'' — # Guizhou (China) * ''Quercus asymmetrica'' Hickel & A.Camus — # China, northern Vietnam * ''Quercus augustinii'' — # China, Vietnam * ''Quercus auricoma'' A.Camus — # China, Vietnam (synonym ''Quercus hui'') * ''Quercus austrocochinchinensis'' — # China, Thailand, Vietnam * ''Quercus austroglauca'' — # China. * ''Quercus bella'' — # China * ''Quercus blakei'' — # China, Laos, Vietnam * ''Quercus braianensis'' A.Camus — # Vietnam (endemic) * ''Quercus championii'' — # China, Taiwan * ''Quercus chapensis'' — # China, Vietnam * ''Quercus chevalieri'' — # China, Vietnam * ''Quercus chingsiensis'' — # China * ''Quercus chrysocalyx'' Hickel & A.Camus — # Vietnam * ''Quercus chungii'' — # China * ''Quercus daimingshanensis'' — # China * ''Quercus dankiaensis'' A.Camus — # Vietnam (endemic) * ''Quercus delavayi'' — # China * ''Quercus delicatula'' — # China * ''Quercus dinghuensis'' — # China * ''Quercus disciformis'' — # China * ''Quercus edithiae'' — # China, Vietnam * ''Quercus elevaticostata'' — # Fujian (China) * ''Quercus fleuryi'' — # China, Laos, Vietnam * ''Quercus gambleana'' — # China, India * ''Quercus gemelliflora'' — # Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam * ''Quercus gilva'' — # Japan, Taiwan, China * ''Quercus glauca'' — ring-cupped oak. # From Afghanistan to Japan and Vietnam * ''Quercus gomeziana'' A.Camus — # Vietnam * ''Quercus helferiana'' — # China, India, Burma/Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam * ''Quercus hondae'' — # Kyūshū (Japan) * ''Quercus hypophaea'' — # Taiwan * ''Quercus jenseniana'' — # China * ''Quercus jinpinensis'' — # China * ''Quercus kerrii'' — Kerr's oak. # Vietnam, Thailand, possibly China * ''Quercus kiukiangensis'' — # China * ''Quercus kouangsiensis'' — # China * ''Quercus lamellosa'' — # Himalayas * '' Quercus lanata'' Sm. — # Vietnam * ''Quercus langbianensis'' — # Cambodia, China, Vietnam. (synonym: ''Quercus camusiae'') * ''Quercus lineata'' — # Malaysia, Indonesia * ''Quercus litoralis'' — # China * ''Quercus litseoides'' — # China * ''Quercus lobbii'' — # China, India * ''Quercus longinux'' — # Taiwan * ''Quercus lowii'' — # Borneo * ''Quercus lungmaiensis'' — # Yunnan (China) * ''Quercus macrocalyx'' Hickel & A.Camus — # Vietnam * ''Quercus merrillii'' — # Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), Palawan (Philippines) * ''Quercus mespilifolia'' Wall. ex A.DC — # Vietnam * ''Quercus morii'' — # Taiwan * ''Quercus motuoensis'' — # China * ''Quercus multinervis'' — # China * ''Quercus myrsinifolia'' — bamboo-leaf oak. # China, Japan, Korea, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam (synonym: ''Quercus neglecta'') * ''Quercus ningangensis'' — # China * ''Quercus oblongata'' D.Don — # Vietnam * ''Quercus obovatifolia'' — # China * ''Quercus oxyodon'' — # Assam, Myanmar, China, Bhutan, Nepal, northern Vietnam (synonym ''Q. songtavanensis'') * ''Quercus pachyloma'' — # China, Taiwan * ''Quercus patelliformis'' — # China * ''Quercus pentacycla'' — # China * ''Quercus petelotii'' A.Camus — # Vietnam (endemic) * ''Quercus phanera'' — # China * ''Quercus poilanei'' — # China, Thailand, Vietnam * ''Quercus quangtriensis'' Hickel & A.Camus — # Vietnam * ''Quercus rex'' — # China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam * ''Quercus rupestris'' Hickel & A.Camus — # Vietnam (endemic) * ''Quercus salicina'' — # Japan, South Korea * ''Quercus saravanensis'' — # China, Laos, Vietnam * ''Quercus schottkyana'' — # China * ''Quercus semiserrata'' — # China, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Thailand * ''Quercus sessilifolia'' — # Japan, Taiwan, China * ''Quercus setulosa'' Hickel & A.Camus — # Laos, Vietnam * ''Quercus sichourensis'' — # Yunnan (China) * ''Quercus stenophylloides'' — # Taiwan * ''Quercus stewardiana'' — # China * ''Quercus subhinoidea'' — # China * ''Quercus subsericea'' — # Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines (Palawan) * ''Quercus sumatrana'' — # Indonesia * ''Quercus thorelii'' — # China, Laos, Vietnam * ''Quercus tomentosinervis'' — # China * ''Quercus treubiana'' — # Sumatra, Borneo * ''Quercus xanthotricha'' — # China, Laos, Vietnam * ''Quercus yingjiangensis'' — # China * ''Quercus yonganensis'' — # China


Sources

* Ohwi, J. ''Flora of Japan'', 1984. * Soepadmo, E., Julia, S., & Rusea G. Fagaceae. In ''Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak,'' Volume 3, 2006. Soepadmo, E., Saw, L.G. eds. Government of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.


References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Quercus Species Quercus, * Lists of plant species, Quercus Lists of plants, Quercus Lists of trees, Quercus