Radical 22 or radical right open box () meaning " box" is one of the 23 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals total) composed of two

strokes A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death. There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and hemorrhagic, due to bleeding. Both cause parts of the brain to stop funct ...

. In the ''

Kangxi Dictionary The ''Kangxi Dictionary'' ( (Compendium of standard characters from the Kangxi period), published in 1716, was the most authoritative dictionary of Chinese characters from the 18th century through the early 20th. The Kangxi Emperor of the Qing ...

'', there are 64 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical. In

Traditional Chinese A tradition is a belief or behavior (folk custom) passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past. A component of cultural expressions and folklore, common examples include holidays ...

used in

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta i ...

and

Macau Macau or Macao (; ; ; ), officially the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (MSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea. With a p ...

, radical 22 (right open box, ), whose two strokes share the same starting point, is slightly different from radical 23 (hiding enclosure, ), whose second stroke starts is a bit right to the starting point of the first stroke. In

mainland China "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the People's Republic of China (including islands like Hainan or Chongming), excluding dependent territories of the PRC, and other territories within Greater China. ...

, the two radicals were unified as right open box , which then became the 8th indexing component in ''

Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components ''The Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components'' () is a lexicographic tool used to order the Chinese characters in mainland China. The specification is also known as GF 0011-2009. In China's normative documents, "radical" is defined as any ...

'' predominantly adopted by

Simplified Chinese Simplification, Simplify, or Simplified may refer to: Mathematics Simplification is the process of replacing a mathematical expression by an equivalent one, that is simpler (usually shorter), for example * Simplification of algebraic expressions, ...

dictionaries, and the nuance between the two radicals no longer exists; No associated indexing component is left after the merger. This merger also applies to

Traditional Chinese characters Traditional Chinese characters are one type of standard Chinese character sets of the contemporary written Chinese. The traditional characters had taken shapes since the clerical change and mostly remained in the same structure they took ...

in China's GB character set. Radical 22 and radical 23 were also unified in Japanese kanji. JIS character set (including

kyūjitai ''Kyūjitai'' ( ja, 舊字體 / 旧字体, lit=old character forms) are the traditional forms of kanji, Chinese written characters used in Japanese. Their simplified counterparts are ''shinjitai'' ( ja, 新字体, lit=new character forms, lab ...

). Mainstream Japanese fonts and dictionaries do not distinguish between the two radicals.Examples include ''Shin Meikai Gendai Kanwa Jiten'' published by

Sanseidō is a Japanese publishing company known for publishing dictionaries and textbooks. Notable publications Dictionary * ''Daijirin is a comprehensive single-volume Japanese dictionary edited by , and first published by in 1988. This title i ...

. While its index lists both radicals, they both lead to the same merged radical.

Evolution

File:匚-oracle.svg,

Oracle bone script Oracle bone script () is an ancient form of Chinese characters that were engraved on oracle bonesanimal bones or Turtle shell#Plastron, turtle plastrons used in pyromancy, pyromantic divination. Oracle bone script was used in the late 2nd millen ...

character File:匚-bronze.svg, Bronze script character File:匚-bigseal.svg,

Large seal script The large seal script or great seal script () is a traditional reference to Chinese writing from before the Qin dynasty (i.e. before 221 BCE), and is now popularly understood to refer narrowly to the writing of the Western and early Eastern Zhou ...

character File:匚-seal.svg, Small seal script character An archaic version of this radical, directly regularized from the bronzeware and seal scripts forms, occasionally appears in regular script (kaishu) or printed text as 𠥓 (12 strokes, 匚 + 10 strokes, e.g., 𠥧, an archaic version of 杯) and is used for the transcription of ancient inscriptions.

Evolution

Derived characters

Literature

References

External links