5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 is an
enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKAA1''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the
serine/threonine protein kinase family. It is the catalytic subunit of the 5'-prime-AMP-activated protein kinase (
AMPK AMPK may refer to:
* AMP-activated protein kinase
5' AMP-activated protein kinase or AMPK or 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.11.31) that plays a role in cellular energy homeostasis, largely to activate gl ...
). AMPK is a cellular energy sensor conserved in all eukaryotic cells. The kinase activity of AMPK is activated by the stimuli that increase the cellular
AMP/
ATP ratio. AMPK regulates the activities of a number of key metabolic enzymes through
phosphorylation
In chemistry, phosphorylation is the attachment of a phosphate group to a molecule or an ion. This process and its inverse, dephosphorylation, are common in biology and could be driven by natural selection. Text was copied from this source, wh ...
. It protects cells from stresses that cause ATP depletion by switching off ATP-consuming biosynthetic pathways.
Alternatively spliced
Alternative splicing, or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins. In this process, particular exons of a gene may b ...
transcript variants encoding distinct
isoforms
A protein isoform, or "protein variant", is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene or gene family and are the result of genetic differences. While many perform the same or similar biological roles, some iso ...
have been observed.
Interactions
Protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 has been shown to
interact
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with
TSC2
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 (TSC2), also known as Tuberin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TSC2'' gene.
Function
Mutations in this gene lead to tuberous sclerosis. Its gene product is believed to be a tumor suppressor and is a ...
.
References
Further reading
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External links
PDBe-KBprovides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 (PRKAA1)
EC 2.7.11
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