The prostaglandin E
2 (PGE
2) receptors are
G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily-related p ...
s that bind and are activated by
prostaglandin E2. They are members of the
prostaglandin receptors Prostaglandin receptors or prostanoid receptors represent a sub-class of cell surface membrane receptors that are regarded as the primary receptors for one or more of the classical, naturally occurring prostanoids viz., prostaglandin D2, (i.e. PGD2 ...
class of
receptors
Receptor may refer to:
*Sensory receptor, in physiology, any structure which, on receiving environmental stimuli, produces an informative nerve impulse
*Receptor (biochemistry), in biochemistry, a protein molecule that receives and responds to a n ...
and include the following
Protein isoform
A protein isoform, or "protein variant", is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene or gene family and are the result of genetic differences. While many perform the same or similar biological roles, some isof ...
s:
*
Prostaglandin E2 receptor 1 (EP
1) -
*
Prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (EP
2) -
*
Prostaglandin E2 receptor 3 (EP
3) -
*
Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP
4) -
Studies
An antagonist of a prostaglandin E2 receptor has been shown to serve as an affective contraceptive for female
macaques
The macaques () constitute a genus (''Macaca'') of gregarious Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. The 23 species of macaques inhabit ranges throughout Asia, North Africa, and (in one instance) Gibraltar. Macaques are principal ...
while unaffecting their menstrual cyclicity as well as hormonal patterns. The exact reason behind the reduced amount of successful pregnancies of primates during the study is unclear due a number of possibilities that may affect such result.
Inhibition of the prostaglandin E2 EP
4 receptor has been shown to inhibit tumor growth,
angiogenesis,
lymphangiogenesis
Lymphangiogenesis is the formation of lymphatic vessels from pre-existing lymphatic vessels in a method believed to be similar to angiogenesis (blood vessel development).
Lymphangiogenesis plays an important physiological role in homeostasis, meta ...
, and
metastasis
Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spread from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; the term is typically used when referring to metastasis by a cancerous tumor. The newly pathological sites, then ...
.
See also
*
Prostaglandin receptors Prostaglandin receptors or prostanoid receptors represent a sub-class of cell surface membrane receptors that are regarded as the primary receptors for one or more of the classical, naturally occurring prostanoids viz., prostaglandin D2, (i.e. PGD2 ...
*
Prostanoid receptor
Most of the eicosanoid receptors are integral membrane protein G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that bind and respond to eicosanoid signaling molecules. Eicosanoids are rapidly metabolized to inactive products and therefore are short-lived. Ac ...
s
*
Prostaglandin
References
External links
*
Eicosanoids
G protein-coupled receptors
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