Procolophonoidea is an extinct

superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...

procolophonia The Procolophonia are a suborder of herbivorous reptiles that lived from the Middle Permian till the end of the Triassic period. They were originally included as a suborder of the Cotylosauria (later renamed Captorhinida Carroll 1988) but are ...

n parareptiles. Members were characteristically small, stocky, and

lizard Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains. The group is paraphyletic since it excludes the snakes and Amphisbaenia alt ...

-like in appearance. Fossils have been found worldwide from many continents including Antarctica. The first members appeared during the Late Permian in the

Karoo Basin The Karoo Supergroup is the most widespread stratigraphy, stratigraphic unit in Africa south of the Kalahari Desert. The group (stratigraphy), supergroup consists of a sequence of units, mostly of nonmarine origin, deposited between the Pennsylvan ...

of South Africa.

Taxonomy

Procolophonoidea includes the families

Owenettidae Owenettidae is an extinct family of procolophonian parareptiles. Fossils have been found primarily from Africa and Madagascar, with one genus present from South America. It is the sister taxon to the family Procolophonidae. The family was constr ...

and Procolophonidae. ''

Sclerosaurus ''Sclerosaurus'' is an extinct genus of procolophonid parareptile known from the Early to Middle Triassic of Germany and Switzerland. It contains a single species, ''Sclerosaurus armatus''. It was fairly small about 30 cm long, distingu ...

'', which is placed within its own family Sclerosauridae, may be a member of the superfamily as well. In 1997, De Braga and Rieppel defined this same taxon (the oldest common ancestor of Procolophonidae and Owenettidae and all its descendants) using the name Procolophoniformes.Jalil, N. E., & Janvier, P. (2005). Les pareiasaures (Amniota, Parareptilia) du Permien supérieur du Bassin d’Argana, Maroc. Geodiversitas, 27(1), 35-132. When the superfamily was constructed in 1956, it was thought to be within the

anthracosaur Anthracosauria is an order of extinct reptile-like amphibians (in the broad sense) that flourished during the Carboniferous and early Permian periods, although precisely which species are included depends on one's definition of the taxon. "Ant ...

suborder Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and ...

Diadectomorpha. Since then it has been placed within the suborder Procolophonia along with the

pareiasaur Pareiasaurs (meaning "cheek lizards") are an extinct clade of large, herbivorous parareptiles. Members of the group were armoured with scutes which covered large areas of the body. They first appeared in southern Pangea during the Middle Permian, ...

s, a group of large herbivorous Permian parareptiles.Modesto, S. P. and Damiani, R. (2007). The procolophonoid reptile ''Sauropareion anoplus'' from the lowermost Triassic of South Africa. ''Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology'' 27(2):337-349. *

Procolophonia The Procolophonia are a suborder of herbivorous reptiles that lived from the Middle Permian till the end of the Triassic period. They were originally included as a suborder of the Cotylosauria (later renamed Captorhinida Carroll 1988) but are ...

**Procolophonoidea ***Family

****Species '' "Owenetta" kitchingorum'' ****Genus ''

Barasaurus ''Barasaurus'' is an extinct genus of owenettid procolophonoid parareptile known from the late Late Permian and early Early Triassic of Madagascar. It contains a single species, ''Barasaurus besairiei''. Discovery ''Barasaurus besairiei'', the t ...

'' ****Genus '' Candelaria'' ****Genus ''

Owenetta ''Owenetta'' is an extinct genus of owenettid procolophonian parareptile. Fossils have been found from the Beaufort Group in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. Although most procolophonians lived during the Triassic, ''Owenetta'' existed during the ...

'' ****Genus ''

Ruhuhuaria ''Ruhuhuaria'' is an extinct genus of owenettid procolophonoid reptile known from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of southwestern Tanzania. ''Ruhuhuaria'' is known solely from the holotype CAMZM T997, poorly preserved but complete skull and man ...

'' ****Genus ''

Saurodektes ''Saurodektes'' is an extinct genus of owenettid procolophonoid parareptile known from the earliest Triassic deposits of Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. It was first named by Sean P. Modesto, Ross J. Damiani, Johann Neveling and Adam M. Yate ...

'' ***Family Procolophonidae ****? Genus '' Gomphiosauridion'' ****? Genus '' Kinelia'' ****? Genus '' Spondylolestes'' ****? Genus '' Xenodiphyodon'' ****Genus '' Coletta'' ****Genus '' Kitchingnathus'' ****Genus ''

Lasasaurus ''Lasasaurus'' is an extinct genus of procolophonid parareptile known from the Early Triassic Middle Sakamena Formation, of northern Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i M ...

'' ****Genus '' Phaanthosaurus'' ****Genus '' Pintosaurus'' ****Genus '' Sauropareion'' ****Genus ''

Tichvinskia ''Tichvinskia'' is an extinct genus of procolophonid parareptile from the Early Triassic The Early Triassic is the first of three epochs of the Triassic Period of the geologic timescale. It spans the time between Ma and Ma (million years ag ...

'' ****Subfmily

Leptopleuroninae Leptopleuroninae is an extinct subfamily of procolophonid Procolophonidae is an extinct family of small, lizard-like parareptiles known from the Late Permian to Late Triassic that were distributed across Pangaea, having been reported from Eur ...

****Subfmily Procolophoninae ****Subfmily Theledectinae

References

External links

Introduction to Procolophonoidea
University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP)
Procolophonoidea
in the Paleobiology Database {{Taxonbar, from=Q7247458 Procolophonomorphs Prehistoric reptiles of Europe Prehistoric reptiles of Africa Prehistoric reptiles of Asia Prehistoric reptiles of North America Prehistoric reptiles of South America Lopingian first appearances Rhaetian extinctions