The Principality of Taranto was a state in southern Italy created in 1088 for
Bohemond I, eldest son of
Robert Guiscard
Robert Guiscard (; Modern ; – 17 July 1085) was a Norman adventurer remembered for the conquest of southern Italy and Sicily. Robert was born into the Hauteville family in Normandy, went on to become count and then duke of Apulia and Calab ...
, as part of the peace between him and his younger brother
Roger Borsa
Roger Borsa (1060/1061 – 22 February 1111) was the Norman Duke of Apulia and Calabria and effective ruler of southern Italy from 1085 until his death.
Life
Roger was the son of Robert Guiscard and Sikelgaita, a Lombard noblewoman. His ambiti ...
after a dispute over the succession to the
Duchy of Apulia
The County of Apulia and Calabria (), later the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria (), was a Norman state founded by William of Hauteville in 1042 in the territories of Gargano, Capitanata, Apulia, Vulture, and most of Campania. It became a duchy whe ...
.
Taranto
Taranto (, also ; ; nap, label=Tarantino, Tarde; Latin: Tarentum; Old Italian: ''Tarento''; Ancient Greek: Τάρᾱς) is a coastal city in Apulia, Southern Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Taranto, serving as an important comme ...
became the capital of the principality, which covered almost all of the heel of Apulia. During its subsequent 377 years of history, it was sometimes a powerful and almost independent feudal fief of the
Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily ( la, Regnum Siciliae; it, Regno di Sicilia; scn, Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in the south of the Italian Peninsula and for a time the region of Ifriqiya from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 un ...
(and later of
Naples
Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's adm ...
), sometimes only a title, often given to the heir to the crown or to the husband of a reigning queen. When the
House of Anjou
Angevin or House of Anjou may refer to:
*County of Anjou or Duchy of Anjou, a historical county, and later Duchy, in France
** Angevin (language), the traditional langue d'oïl spoken in Anjou
**Counts and Dukes of Anjou
*House of Ingelger, a Frank ...
was divided, Taranto fell to the house of Durazzo (1394–1463).
Ferdinand I of Naples united the Principality of Taranto to the Kingdom of Naples at the death of his wife,
Isabella of Clermont. The principality came to an end, but the kings of Naples continued giving the title of Prince of Taranto to their sons, firstly to the future
Alfonso II of Naples
Alfonso II (4 November 1448 – 18 December 1495) was Duke of Calabria and ruled as King of Naples from 25 January 1494 to 23 January 1495. He was a soldier and a patron of Renaissance architecture and the arts.
Heir to his father Fer ...
, eldest son of Isabella.
Counts
*
Geoffrey (1063 – bef. 1072)
*
Richard (bef. 1072–1080)
**
Peter
Peter may refer to:
People
* List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* Peter (given name)
** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church
* Peter (surname), a sur ...
, as regent
*
Robert Guiscard
Robert Guiscard (; Modern ; – 17 July 1085) was a Norman adventurer remembered for the conquest of southern Italy and Sicily. Robert was born into the Hauteville family in Normandy, went on to become count and then duke of Apulia and Calab ...
(1080–1085)
*
Bohemond (1085–1088)
Princes
Hauteville (''Altavilla'') dynasty
* 1088 -
Bohemond I (1054–1111), later Bohemond I prince of the
crusader state
The Crusader States, also known as Outremer, were four Catholic realms in the Middle East that lasted from 1098 to 1291. These feudal polities were created by the Latin Catholic leaders of the First Crusade through conquest and political in ...
of
Antioch
Antioch on the Orontes (; grc-gre, Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου, ''Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou'', Learned ; also Syrian Antioch) grc-koi, Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπ ...
;
* 1111 -
Bohemond II (1108–1130), also prince of Antioch;
* 1128 - King
Roger II
Roger II ( it, Ruggero II; 22 December 1095 – 26 February 1154) was King of Sicily and Africa, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, became Duke of Apulia and Calabria in ...
(1093–1154),
duke of Apulia
The County of Apulia and Calabria (), later the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria (), was a Norman state founded by William of Hauteville in 1042 in the territories of Gargano, Capitanata, Apulia, Vulture, and most of Campania. It became a duchy whe ...
, king of Sicily, unifier of Southern Italy;
* 1132 -
Tancred, son of Roger II, prince of
Bari, received the principality from his father;
* 1138 -
William I, later king of Sicily, son of Roger II, became prince of Taranto at the death of his brother Tancred;
* 1144 -
Simon
Simon may refer to:
People
* Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon
* Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon
* Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...
, son of Roger II, became prince of Taranto when his brother William became prince of
Capua
Capua ( , ) is a city and ''comune'' in the province of Caserta, in the region of Campania, southern Italy, situated north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain.
History
Ancient era
The name of Capua comes from the Etrus ...
and Duke of Apulia;
* 1157 -
William II, later king of Sicily;
* 1189 - King
Tancred of Sicily, Count of Lecce;
* 1194 -
William III, king of Sicily (deposed), Count of Lecce;
Hohenstaufen (''Svevia'') dynasty
*1194 - King
Henry
Henry may refer to:
People
*Henry (given name)
* Henry (surname)
* Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who performs under the mononym Henry
Royalty
* Portuguese royalty
** King-Cardinal Henry, King of Portugal
** Henry, Count of Portugal, ...
, Holy Roman Emperor and king of Sicily;
**1198 - Robert;
**1200 - Guy
Walter III of Brienne
Walter III of Brienne (french: Gautier, it, Gualtiero; died June 1205) was a nobleman from northern France. Becoming Count of Brienne in 1191, Walter married the Sicilian princess Elvira and took an army to southern Italy to claim her inheritanc ...
, husband of (Albinia, Elvira)
Mary of Lecce
Elvira of Sicily (died in 1231) was a member of the House of Hauteville who claimed the throne of the Kingdom of Sicily. She is known by an exceptional number of names, including Albinia, Elvira, Maria, Albidina and Blanche.
Early life
Elvira ...
of Altavilla, daughter of King
Tancred of Sicily (Tancred of Hauteville, Count of Lecce). Title confiscated at the death of Walter;
* 1205 - King
Frederick Frederick may refer to:
People
* Frederick (given name), the name
Nobility
Anhalt-Harzgerode
*Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Harzgerode (1613–1670)
Austria
* Frederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg), Duke of Austria from 1195 to 1198
* Frederick ...
;
* 1250 -
Manfred of Sicily
Manfred ( scn, Manfredi di Sicilia; 123226 February 1266) was the last King of Sicily from the Hohenstaufen dynasty, reigning from 1258 until his death. The natural son of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, Manfred became regent over the ...
, son of Frederick II, later also king;
Angevin (''Angiò'') dynasty
* 1266 - King
Charles I (1227–1285), defeated Manfred and was created King of Sicily by the pope;
* 1285 - King
Charles II (1248–1309), son of Charles I, king of Naples;
* 1294 -
Philip I Philip(p) I may refer to:
* Philip I of Macedon (7th century BC)
* Philip I Philadelphus (between 124 and 109 BC–83 or 75 BC)
* Philip the Arab (c. 204–249), Roman Emperor
* Philip I of France (1052–1108)
* Philip I (archbishop of Cologne) (1 ...
(1278–1331), son of Charles II, and titular Latin Emperor;
* 1331 -
Robert of Taranto (1299–1364), son of Philip I;
* 1346 -
Louis of Taranto Louis may refer to:
* Louis (coin)
* Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name
* Louis (surname)
* Louis (singer), Serbian singer
* HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy
See also
Derived or associated terms
* Lewis ...
(1308–1362), son of Philip I, simultaneously king of Naples;
* 1364 -
Philip II Philip II may refer to:
* Philip II of Macedon (382–336 BC)
* Philip II (emperor) (238–249), Roman emperor
* Philip II, Prince of Taranto (1329–1374)
* Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (1342–1404)
* Philip II, Duke of Savoy (1438-1497)
* Philip ...
(1329–1374), son of Philip I, and titular Latin Emperor;
** 1356 - Philip III, son of Philip II, died in his youth, the title returned to his father;
Baux (''Del Balzo'') dynasty
* 1374 -
James of Baux, nephew of Philip II, and titular Latin Emperor;
Welf or Brunswick (''Este del Guelfo'') dynasty
* 1383 -
Otto (1320–1398), widower of
Joan I of Naples;
Orsini dynasty
* 1399 -
Raimondo del Balzo Orsini, also known as ''Raimondello'', husband of the Countess of Lecce
Mary of Enghien, the Brienne heiress;
* 1406 -
Ladislaus of Durazzo, king of Naples, second husband of
Mary of Enghien;
* 1414 -
James II of Bourbon-La Marche, husband of
Joan II of Naples and briefly king-consort
* 1420 -
Giovanni Antonio del Balzo Orsini, son of Mary of Enghien and Raimondello;
* 1463 -
Isabella of Clermont, niece of Giovanni Antonio
Princesses
See also
*
History of Taranto
{{DEFAULTSORT:Taranto, Principality of
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