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Planning for the presidential transition of Donald Trump, led by then Vice President-elect, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana,[6] began before Donald Trump won the United States presidential election on November 8, 2016, and became the President-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19, 2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The transition ended when Trump was inaugurated at noon EST on January 20, 2017.

Transition procedures

Main article: United States presidential transition

In accordance with the Pre-Election Presidential Transition Act of 2010, candidate transition teams are provided office space by the General Services Administration (GSA).[7][8] Transition teams are also eligible for government funding for staff; spending on Mitt Romney's transition team in 2012 was $8.9 million, all funds appropriated by the U.S. government.[8]

Under existing federal law and custom, the Republican Party's nominee became eligible to receive classified national security briefings once his/her nomination was formalized at the party's national convention.[9]

Responsibilities

Key responsibilities of a presidential transition include the identification and vetting of candidates for approximately 4,000 non-civil service positions in the U.S. government whose service is at the pleasure of the president; arranging the occupancy of executive residences including the White House, One Observatory Circle, and Camp David; liaising with the United States Strategic Command for receipt of the Gold Codes; and briefing senior civil service personnel about a new administration's policy priorities.[10]

Recent developments

A law enacted by the United States Congress in 2016 amending the Presidential Transition Act requires the incumbent President to establish "transition councils" by June of an election year to facilitate the eventual handover of power.[9]

The National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA), meanwhile, launched a new program called "Transition 2016" in 2016. Led by Ed DeSeve and David S. C. Chu, the program was described by NAPA as one which provides management and procedural advice to the leading candidates in establishing transition teams.[11]

Timeline

Pre-election

In April 2016, representatives from the Trump campaign, as well as the campaigns of four other then-running Republican candidates, met in New York with representatives of the Partnership for Public Service to receive a two-day briefing and overview of the transition process.[12] According to Trump campaign manager Corey Lewandowski, the campaign shortly thereafter began implementing the recommendations provided at the meeting.[13] In early May 2016, after Trump became the presumptive nominee, campaign officials announced they would name the members of a presidential transition team within the "upcoming weeks". On May 6, The New York Times reported that Trump had asked Jared Kushner to begin work on putting a transition team together.[14] Corey Lewandowski and Paul Manafort worked with Kushner in the selection of a transition chief.[15] Three days later, Trump announced that New Jersey Governor (and former rival Presidential candidate) Chris Christie had agreed to head the effort.[16]

On Friday, June 3, 2016, the Agency Transition Directors Council first assembled at the White House to review transition plans of each of the major executive departments; neither the Trump nor Clinton campaigns sent representatives to this initial meeting. At about the same time, the White House began transferring its preceding eight years of accumulated electronic files to the National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Record Archive for preservation.[17]

The transition planning came under heavy criticism for lagging behind other recent transition planning efforts when it was shown to have hired only a "handful" of staff by late July.[18] At that time, Chris Christie named Bill Palatucci, a corporate attorney from New Jersey and the state's Republican National Committeeman, as general counsel; Palatucci reportedly began meeting with senior members of Mitt Romney's 2012 transition team shortly thereafter.[19] Meanwhile, on July 29, White House chief of staff Denis McDonough led a conference call with Chris Christie to discuss transition procedures. During the call, McDonough informed Christie that Anita Breckenridge and Andrew Mayock will be the administration's primary "points of contact" with the Trump campaign moving forward. The pair also discussed the planned availability of office space at 1717 Pennsylvania Avenue for the Trump transition team, which the General Services Administration was to make available beginning August 2, 2016.[20]

During the first week of August, the Trump transition office was officially opened. The same month, William F. Hagerty, a former member of Mitt Romney's transition team, was named director of appointments while John Rader, a senior aide to United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee chair Bob Corker, was retained in the position of deputy director of appointments.[21][22]

In an example of "how removed the transition process is from the tumult and rancor of the campaign", representatives of the Trump and Clinton transition teams began holding a series of meetings with each other, and with White House officials, to plan details of the transition process.[23]

By October, it was reported the transition team had grown to more than 100 staff, many of whom were policy experts brought aboard to compensate for a dearth of policy staff employed by the Trump campaign.[24] For example, in October 2016, Robert Smith Walker, former chairman of the House Science Committee, was appointed space policy adviser.[25]

A November 9 memo from Ash Carter to the United States armed forces informed them of the pending transfer of military command.

Immediate post-election

In the early hours of November 9, 2016, media outlets reported Trump would secure enough votes in the Electoral College to be chosen the 45th president of the United States. Hillary Clinton conceded the election later that day.[26]

Security enhancements

Prior to Trump's return to his private residence at Trump Tower, the United States Secret Service initiated "unbelievable security measures", including closing East 56th Street to all traffic, reinforcing a cordon of sand-laden dump trucks that had been placed around the building the night before to defend the site from being rammed with a car bomb, and deploying New York City Police Department tactical teams around the skyscraper. The FAA, meanwhile, ordered a flight restriction over midtown Manhattan.[27][28][29]

Trump business interests

Map shows the number of companies owned by Donald Trump[30] that are operating in each country:
  1-3
  4-8
  9-15
  Over 15

Following the election, Trump began transferring control of the Trump Organization to the company's other executives, including his three oldest children, Donald Jr., Ivanka, and Eric.[31] According to a November 11 statement from the Trump Organization, it was “in the process of vetting various structures with the goal of the immediate transfer of management of the Trump Organization and its portfolio of businesses”.[32][33]

At a press conference on January 11, 2017, Trump said he and his daughter Ivanka would resign all management roles with The Trump Organization by inauguration day, January 20. Its assets would be put into a trust run by his two oldest sons Donald Jr. and Eric, together with existing Chief Financial Officer Allen Weisselberg.[34] Trump would continue to own the business.[35][36] At the press conference, Trump attorney Sheri Dillon made a substantial presentation on the legal structure that was being put in place for the Trump Organization during the presidency. “No new foreign deals will be made whatsoever during the duration of President Trump’s presidency,” Dillon said, and new domestic deals "will go through a vigorous vetting process” and President Trump will have no role in them, among other assertions.[37]

Beginning of transition process

Shortly after noon on November 9, outgoing president Barack Obama made a statement from the Rose Garden of the White House, in which he announced that he had spoken, the previous evening, with Trump and formally invited him to the White House the next day, November 10, for discussions to ensure "that there is a successful transition between our presidencies". President Obama said he had instructed his staff to "follow the example" of the George W. Bush administration in 2008, who he said could "not have been more professional or more gracious in making sure we had a smooth transition".[38]

The same day, United States Secretary of Defense Ash Carter issued a memo to the United States armed forces informing them of the pending transfer of National Command Authority to a new administration.[39] Also on November 9, the U.S. Intelligence Community offered the full President's Daily Brief to Trump and Mike Pence, with Trump receiving his first brief on November 15 in his office at Trump Tower.[40][41]

The Trump transition website launched on the evening of November 9, 2016

By the afternoon of November 9, a transition website – greatagain.gov – had been launched. The website provided information on transition procedures and information for the media.[42] The website was later criticized for reposting content originally created by the Partnership for Public Service, however, Partnership CEO Max Stier declined to criticize the use and noted that the organization had been working with the major campaigns on transition planning, explaining that he hoped the group's materials would be "a resource that is used for the betterment of transitions".[43] Content on the transition website was licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.[44]

Trump and Obama met for the first time on November 10.

At 11:00 a.m. on November 10, the President and President-elect held a private, 90-minute meeting at the White House, which was followed by a joint media availability in the Oval Office with a press pool composed of journalists from Reuters, Voice of America, Bloomberg, the Associated Press, Agence France-Presse, ABC News, and McClatchey syndicate. During the availability, Trump thanked Obama for their meeting and said he looked forward to tapping him for future counsel.[45] According to Trump, Obama convinced him, during their discussion, to retain certain aspects of his signature policy Obamacare, including the ban on insurance companies denying new coverage to those with preexisting conditions and the right of parents to keep their adult children on their health insurance policies to the age of 25.[46]

November 11 reshuffle

On November 11, Trump telephoned transition head Chris Christie and told him his involvement with the Bridgegate scandal was a political liability and his performance heading the transition unsatisfactory (Trump, later, also expressed private frustration at Christie's retention of lobbyists in key transition posts). At the end of the call, Trump fired Christie from his position as transition chair. Over the next twenty-four hours, and with little warning, Christie loyalists were quickly removed from the transition team in what was characterized by NBC News as a "Stalinesque purge". Transition executive Richard Bagger, for instance, found himself suddenly locked-out of the transition team's offices. Bill Palatucci, Mike Rogers, and others, were also among those removed.[47][48][49][50]

Immediately after the reshuffle, Mike Pence was elevated to transition chair by Trump. Under Christie, many of the members of the transition team were registered lobbyists who had worked on issues overseen by the agencies they were charged with staffing or affected by policies they were preparing.[51][52] However, by November 16, Pence had introduced new restrictions that Politico described as "in some ways far more rigid than President Barack Obama's groundbreaking lobbyist ban". Under the new rules, while incoming administration officials who are currently registered lobbyists would be allowed, they would have to sign documents forfeiting their ability to re-register as lobbyists for five years after departing government.[a] In addition, Pence ordered that all lobbyists be removed from the transition team, with Politico reporting two days later that staff members who were registered lobbyists had begun to resign.[54][55][56]

Pence's tenure

On November 15, Trump requested security clearance for son-in-law Jared Kushner (a member of the transition team), which would allow him to attend the full President's Daily Brief – a request that experts have called "unprecedented".[57] As of November 15, all briefings of the transition team by government were on hold pending the need for incoming chair Mike Pence to sign an agreement with the Obama administration.[58]

On November 16, Trump met with Alabama senator Jeff Sessions, who had been discussed as a possible contender for several cabinet positions.[59] Trump also met with New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio.[60]

On November 17, Trump met with former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in order to discuss matters relating to foreign affairs.[61] Later that day Trump met with Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe in an informal visit at Trump Tower. After the meeting, which was attended by Michael Flynn and Ivanka Trump, Abe said he had "great confidence" in Trump and described their discussion as "very candid".[62] Past and current State Department officials, however, were disturbed by Ivanka's presence. Moira Whelan, a former John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign staffer who left the department in July after serving as a deputy assistant secretary for digital strategy in the U.S. Department of State, averred that "anyone present for such a conversation between two heads of state should, at a minimum, have security clearance, and should also be an expert in Japanese affairs ... meeting of two heads of state [sic][b] is never an informal occurrence. Even a casual mention or a nod of agreement or an assertion left unchallenged can be interpreted in different ways".[65][66]

On December 6, Michael G. Flynn, the son of Michael T. Flynn, was forced out of the transition team.[67] Spokesman Jason Miller did not identify the reason for Flynn's dismissal; however, the New York Times reported that other officials had confirmed it was related to a tweet he made regarding the Pizzagate conspiracy theory.[68]

On December 14, Trump met with CEOs and representatives from Silicon Valley tech companies in Trump Tower.[69][70][71][72][73]

Transition team

Top: Director Agency Action, Ron Nicol. Bottom: Defense, Keith Kellogg. National Security, Mike Rogers. Economy, Bill Walton. Domestic, Ken Blackwell. Budget, Ed Meese.
Chart showing agency appointment group leads of the Trump transition.

Leadership

The Trump transition team was led by Vice President-elect Mike Pence. It originally had six vice-chairs, which was expanded on November 29, 2016 to thirteen vice-chairs: Ben Carson, Chris Christie (previously head of the transition from May 2016 through election day), Michael Flynn (incoming National Security Advisor), Newt Gingrich, Rudy Giuliani, Jeff Sessions (incoming Attorney General), with the addition of K. T. McFarland (incoming Deputy National Security Advisor), Gov. Mary Fallin, Sen. Tim Scott, Rep. Marsha Blackburn (previously on the executive committee), Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, Rep. Tom Reed, and outgoing Rep. Cynthia Lummis.[74][75][76]

The transition team also had an Executive Committee which included:[75]

Additional executive committee members added on November 29, 2016:

Structure and staff

Former Ohio Secretary of State Ken Blackwell led appointment selections for positions involving domestic issues.

An organizational chart of the transition team was made public by the New York Times.[79] It divided the work into two areas: "agency action" led by Ron Nicol[80] and "policy implementation" led by Ado Machida. The agency side, which oversaw appointments, was divided into six arenas:[80]

The policy side had three senior leaders including Ado Machida as Director of Policy Implementation, Andrew Bremberg as Executive Legal Action Lead, and Carlos Diaz Rosillo as Executive Authority Adviser. Bremberg is Senior Advisor and Chief of Staff for US Health and Human Services for George W. Bush administration and adviser to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell and for presidential bid of Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker; he was previously reported to be serving the transition as an advisor on health issues.[83][84]

Retired Gen. Keith Kellogg led the defense "agency action" unit of the transition.

The policy implementation team included the following policy areas:

  • Defense & National Security, led by Maj. Gen. Bert Mizusawa.
  • Immigration Reform & Building The Wall, led by Danielle Cutrona, counsel to Sen. Jeff Sessions.[51]
  • Energy Independence, led by Michael Catanzaro, an energy lobbyist whose clients include American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers, Hess, Devon Energy, and Encana Oil and Gas.[51][52][85]
  • Tax Reform, led by Jim Carter, a lobbyist employed by Emerson.[51]
  • Regulatory Reform, led by Rob Gordon, who serves as staff director/senior policy adviser for the House Natural Resources Committee, Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee.[51]
  • Trade Reform, led by Rolf Lundberg, a lobbyist and former employee of the Chamber of Commerce.[51]
  • Education, led by Gerard Robinson of the American Enterprise Institute.[51]
  • Transportation & Infrastructure, led by Martin Whitmer, a lobbyist at Whitmer & Worrall whose client include the American Association of Railroads, National Asphalt Pavement Association and the Utilities Technology Council.[51]
  • Financial Services Reform, led by Brian Johnson, Chief Financial Institutions Counsel for the House Financial Services Committee
  • Healthcare Reform, led by Paula Stannard, former deputy general counsel and acting general counsel of HHS and currently a lawyer at Alston & Bird.[51]
  • Veterans Administration Reform, led by Bill Chatfield
  • Protecting Americans' Constitutional Rights, led by Ken Klukowski, senior counsel and director of strategic affairs for the First Liberty Institute.[51]

Other people reported to have been working on the transition team included:

Persons applying for political appointments via the greatagain.gov website received this confirmation email.
Officials from both administrations meeting at the White House on January 13, 2017.

Large numbers of foreign policy advisers left the Whitehouse team unwilling to work with Trump's team.[87]

Cabinet designees

Main articles: Cabinet of Donald Trump and Formation of Donald Trump's Cabinet
See also: List of Donald Trump political appointments

The following have been named as cabinet appointees by the President; all positions, except Chief of Staff and Vice President require the advice and consent of the United States Senate prior to taking office.

On November 30, Politico, which viewed Trump's chosen administration nominees as being more conservative as opposed to previous presidential administrations, described Trump as "well on his way to building a conservative dream team that has Republicans cheering and liberals in despair."[88] On the other hand, The Wall Street Journal stated that "it’s nearly impossible to identify a clear ideological bent in the incoming president’s" cabinet nominations.[89]

The Washington Post noted that Trump's cabinet would be "the wealthiest administration in modern American history."[90] The Post also noted that while some of Trump's appointments consisted of "his staunchest and most controversial allies" such as Bannon, Flynn and Sessions, other appointments appealed to the Republican establishment and had "the imprint of Mike Pence".[91]

Cabinet of President Donald J. Trump
  Individual took office with no Senate consent needed
  Individual officially confirmed by the Senate
  Individual's nomination officially reported by Senate committee
  Individual's nomination pending before a Senate committee
  Individual serving in an acting capacity in a Cabinet-level position

Cabinet members
Office
Date announced / confirmed		 Designee Office
Date announced / confirmed		 Designee
Seal of the Vice President of the United States.svg
–
Vice President
Announced July 15, 2016
Took office January 20, 2017		 Mike Pence official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Governor
Mike Pence
of Indiana		 U.S. Department of State official seal.svg
–
Secretary of State
Announced March 13, 2018
Took office April 1, 2018		 John J Sullivan (cropped).jpg
Deputy Secretary of State
John J. Sullivan
of Massachusetts
Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury.svg
–
Secretary of the Treasury
Announced November 30, 2016
Took office February 13, 2017		 Steven Mnuchin official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former OneWest Bank CEO
Steven Mnuchin
of California		 United States Department of Defense Seal.svg
–
Secretary of Defense
Announced December 1, 2016
Took office January 20, 2017		 James Mattis official photo (cropped).jpg
Retired General (USMC)
Jim Mattis
of Washington
Seal of the United States Department of Justice.svg
–
Attorney General
Announced November 18, 2016
Took office February 9, 2017		 Jeff Sessions, official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Senator
Jeff Sessions
of Alabama		 Seal of the United States Department of the Interior.svg
–
Secretary of the Interior
Announced December 15, 2016
Took office March 1, 2017		 Ryan Zinke official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Representative
Ryan Zinke
of Montana
Seal of the United States Department of Agriculture.svg
–
Secretary of Agriculture
Announced January 18, 2017
Took office April 25, 2017		 Sonny Perdue headshot.jpg
Former Governor
Sonny Perdue
of Georgia		 Seal of the United States Department of Commerce.svg
–
Secretary of Commerce
Announced November 30, 2016
Took office February 28, 2017		 Wilbur Ross headshot.jpg
Businessman
Wilbur Ross
of Florida
Seal of the United States Department of Labor.svg
–
Secretary of Labor
Announced February 16, 2017
Took office April 28, 2017		 Alexander Acosta headshot.jpg
Former U.S. Attorney
Alex Acosta
of Florida		 Seal of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.svg
–
Secretary of Health and Human Services
Announced November 13, 2017
Took office January 29, 2018		 Alex Azar official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Deputy Secretary
Alex Azar
of Indiana
Seal of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.svg
–
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Announced December 5, 2016
Took office March 2, 2017		 Ben Carson headshot.jpg
Neurosurgeon
Ben Carson
of Florida		 Seal of the United States Department of Transportation.svg
–
Secretary of Transportation
Announced November 29, 2016
Took office January 31, 2017		 Elaine Chao official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Secretary
Elaine Chao
of Kentucky
Seal of the United States Department of Energy.svg
–
Secretary of Energy
Announced December 14, 2016
Took office March 2, 2017		 Rick Perry official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Governor
Rick Perry
of Texas		 Seal of the United States Department of Education.svg
–
Secretary of Education
Announced November 23, 2016
Took office February 7, 2017		 Betsy DeVos official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Michigan GOP Chair
Betsy DeVos
of Michigan
Seal of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.svg
–
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Announced March 28, 2018
Took office March 28, 2018		 Robert Wilkie official photo (cropped).jpg
Defense Under Secretary
Robert Wilkie
of North Carolina		 Seal of the United States Department of Homeland Security.svg
–
Secretary of Homeland Security
Announced October 12, 2017
Took office December 6, 2017		 Kirstjen Nielsen 2018 (cropped).jpg
Former Deputy Chief of Staff
Kirstjen Nielsen
of Florida

Cabinet-level officials
Office
Date announced / confirmed		 Designee Office
Date announced / confirmed		 Designee
US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg
–
White House Chief of Staff
Announced July 28, 2017
Took office July 31, 2017		 John Kelly official DHS portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Secretary
John F. Kelly
of Massachusetts		 US-TradeRepresentative-Seal.svg
–
United States Trade Representative
Announced January 3, 2017
Took office May 15, 2017		 Robert E. Lighthizer official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Deputy USTR
Robert Lighthizer
of Florida
Seal of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence.svg
–
Director of National Intelligence
Announced January 7, 2017
Took office March 16, 2017		 Dan Coats official DNI portrait (cropped).jpg
Former Senator
Dan Coats
of Indiana		 U.S. Department of State official seal.svg
–
Ambassador to the United Nations
Announced November 23, 2016
Took office January 27, 2017		 Nikki Haley official photo (cropped).jpg
Former Governor
Nikki Haley
of South Carolina
US-OfficeOfManagementAndBudget-Seal.svg
–
Director of the
Office of Management and Budget
Announced December 16, 2016
Took office February 16, 2017		 Mick Mulvaney official photo (cropped).jpg
Former Representative
Mick Mulvaney
of South Carolina		 Seal of the Central Intelligence Agency.svg
–
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
Announced November 18, 2016
Took office January 23, 2017		 Mike Pompeo CIA headshot.jpg
Former Representative
Mike Pompeo
of Kansas
Environmental Protection Agency logo.svg
–
Administrator of the
Environmental Protection Agency
Announced December 7, 2016
Took office February 17, 2017		 Scott Pruitt official portrait (cropped).jpg
Former State Attorney Gen.
Scott Pruitt
of Oklahoma		 Seal of the United States Small Business Administration.svg
–
Administrator of the
Small Business Administration
Announced December 7, 2016
Took office February 14, 2017		 Linda McMahon official photo (cropped).jpg
Former WWE CEO
Linda McMahon
of Connecticut
Source: Trump Administration and NPR[92][93]
This table:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Under President Obama, persons were restricted from resuming lobbying for two years after departing government; senior officials were restricted for the remainder of his administration. Obama also forb[ade] those who have been registered lobbyists in the past year from joining the administration to work on the issues they advocated around.[53]
  2. ^ The Prime Minister of Japan is that nation's head of government. The Emperor of Japan is that country's de facto head of state.[63][64] Also, neither was Mr. Trump a head of state at the moment.

References

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  2. ^ "The Presidential Transition". greatagain.gov. November 20, 2016. 
  3. ^ "With only one possible winner, Trump and Clinton build White House transition team". Fox News. August 7, 2016. 
  4. ^ Jackson, Herb (June 26, 2016). "Jackson: Transition teams get a head start on the White House". The Record (Bergen County). USA Today. Retrieved August 12, 2016. 
  5. ^ "Trump transition tests outsider's governing ability". WAFF-TV. July 29, 2016. Archived from the original on July 30, 2016. Retrieved July 31, 2016. 
  6. ^ Evan Osnos (September 26, 2016). "President Trump's First Term; His campaign tells us a lot about what kind of Commander-in-Chief he would be". newyorker.com. The New Yorker. Retrieved September 22, 2016. September 26, 2016 issue 
  7. ^ Parker, Ashley (August 16, 2012). "Campaigning Aside, Team Plans a Romney Presidency". The New York Times. Retrieved January 22, 2016. 
  8. ^ a b Fund, John (January 13, 2013). "What was Romney Planning?". National Review. Retrieved January 22, 2016. 
  9. ^ a b Berman, Russell (March 1, 2016). "Congress Tells Obama to Start Planning His Departure". The Atlantic. Retrieved May 6, 2016. 
  10. ^ "Help Wanted: 4,000 Presidential Appointees". Center for Presidential Transition. Partnership for Public Service. 
  11. ^ "Academy Launches Presidential Transition 2016 Initiative". National Academy of Public Administration. Archived from the original on May 4, 2016. Retrieved May 6, 2016. 
  12. ^ Davis, Julie Hirschfeld (April 20, 2016). "In an Age of Terror, an Early Start on the Presidential Transition". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 14, 2016. 
  13. ^ Keane, Angela (May 6, 2016). "Trump Campaign Upends the Science of Presidential Transition". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved May 6, 2016. 
  14. ^ Parker, Ashley (May 6, 2016). "Trump Asks Son-in-Law, Jared Kushner, to Plan for Transition Team". The New York Times. Retrieved May 9, 2016. 
  15. ^ Watkins, Eli (May 6, 2016). "Report: Trump asks son-in-law to help prepare for White House transition". CNN. Retrieved May 6, 2016. 
  16. ^ O'Donnell, Kelly (May 9, 2016). "Donald Trump Taps Chris Christie to Lead Transition Team". NBC News. Retrieved May 9, 2016. 
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  19. ^ Sherman, Jake (July 31, 2016). "EXCLUSIVE -- TRUMP starts building transition committee". Politico. Retrieved July 31, 2016. 
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  22. ^ "With only one possible winner, Trump and Clinton build White House transition team". FOX News. August 7, 2016. Retrieved August 10, 2016. 
  23. ^ Viebeck, Elsie (October 29, 2016). "White House meets with Clinton, Trump transition teams as election approaches". Washington Post. Retrieved October 28, 2016. 
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  25. ^ a b Foust, Jeff (October 27, 2016). "Election only the start of a long-term NASA transition". SpaceNews. Retrieved October 29, 2016. 
  26. ^ "Highlights of Hillary Clinton's Concession Speech and President Obama's Remarks". The New York Times. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 17, 2016. 
  27. ^ Winter, Tom (November 9, 2016). "NYPD, Secret Service Upping Security at Trump Tower for President-Elect Donald Trump". WNBC-TV. Retrieved November 9, 2016. 
  28. ^ "TRUMP TOWER SURROUNDED BY NEW, 'UNBELIEVABLE' SECURITY MEASURES". WABC-TV. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016. 
  29. ^ "Trump Tower Is Now Heavily Fortified Behind Big Concrete Barriers". Gothamist. November 9, 2016. Archived from the original on November 12, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016. 
  30. ^ "Trump's foreign business interests: 144 companies in 25 countries". CNN. Retrieved December 1, 2016. 
  31. ^ Samuelsohn, Darren (November 10, 2016). "Trump's kids to run businesses via 'blind trust,' Trump attorney says". Politico. Retrieved November 17, 2016. 
  32. ^ "Trump Organization planning 'immediate transfer' to kids, executives". Politico. November 11, 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2016. 
  33. ^ Blake, Aaron (November 11, 2016). "Donald Trump's questionable 'blind trust' setup just got more questionable". Washington Post. Retrieved November 11, 2016. 
  34. ^ "Trump hands over business empire to sons". BBC News. January 11, 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2017. 
  35. ^ Schouten, Fredrecka (January 11, 2017). "Trump won't drop ownership of business". USA Today. Retrieved 11 January 2017. 
  36. ^ Blumenthal, Paul (January 11, 2017). "Donald Trump Won't Divest From His Business Interests, Opening Door To Years Of Ethics Conflicts". Huffington Post. Retrieved 11 January 2017. 
  37. ^ McCaskill, Nolan D., "Highlights from Trump's press conference", Politico, January 11, 2017. Retrieved 2017-02-18.
  38. ^ "President Obama Delivers a Statement". youtube.com/thewhitehouse. The White House. Retrieved November 9, 2016. 
  39. ^ "Secretary of Defense Ash Carter sends memo to staff demanding peaceful transition of power". The Week. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016. 
  40. ^ "The Latest: FAA imposes restrictions over Trump Tower". WKOW-TV. November 9, 2016. Archived from the original on November 10, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016. 
  41. ^ Acosta, Jim (November 15, 2016). "Trump receives first President's Daily Brief". CNN. Retrieved November 15, 2016. 
  42. ^ "45". Politico. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016. 
  43. ^ Scola, Nancy (November 15, 2016). "Trump transition website lifts passages from nonpartisan nonprofit". Politico. Retrieved November 15, 2016. 
  44. ^ Trump Presidential transition (November 12, 2016), "Copyright Information - Copyright Notice", Greatagain.gov, retrieved November 12, 2016, Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Content includes all materials posted by the Trump Presidential transition. Visitors to this website agree to grant a non-exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free license to the rest of the world for their submissions to this website under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. 
  45. ^ "What's Happening". whitehouse.gov. The White House. Retrieved November 10, 2016. 
  46. ^ "Donald Trump open to amending Obamacare". CBS News. November 11, 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2016. 
  47. ^ Damian Paletta and Carol E. Lee (November 15, 2016), "Intelligence Expert Mike Rogers Leaves Trump Transition Team Amid Shake-up - Former House Intelligence Committee Chairman seen as Chris Christie ally; Ben Carson turns down cabinet post", The Wall Street Journal, retrieved November 15, 2016 
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