Powązki Military Cemetery

Powązki Military Cemetery (; pl, Cmentarz Wojskowy na Powązkach) is an old military cemetery located in the Żoliborz district, western part of Warsaw, Poland. The cemetery is often confused with the older Powązki Cemetery, known colloquially as "Old Powązki". The Old Powązki cemetery is located to the south-east of the military cemetery.

The military cemetery holds the graves of many who have fought and died for their country since the early 19th century, including a large number involved in the 1920 Battle of Warsaw, the September 1939 Campaign, and the ill-fated 1944 Warsaw Uprising against Nazi Germany.

History

It was founded in 1912 as an annex to the Catholic cemetery, but after Poland regained independence in 1918, it became the state cemetery, where some of the most notable people of the period were buried, regardless of their faith.

A large part of the cemetery is occupied by graves of Polish soldiers who died in the Warsaw Uprising. Most of the graves were exhumed between 1945 and 1953 from the streets of Warsaw. In many cases, the names of the soldiers remain unknown, and the graves are marked only by the Polish Red Cross identification number. Until the early 1950s, brothers-in-arms of many dead soldiers organised exhumations of their colleagues on their own, and there are many quarters where soldiers of specific units are buried. Also in the cemetery are several mass graves of (mostly unknown) civilian victims of the German terror during World War II, especially during the Warsaw Uprising. There are mass graves of political prisoners executed during the Stalinist period, which lie under the graves of Communist figures. It took a change in the law to enable researchers to begin the recovery of these remains. As of August 2015, that work was ongoing.

In 1964, communist authorities renamed the cemetery to "Communal Cemetery". The traditional name was restored in 1998.

Notable burials

Those buried at the cemetery include:

* Magdalena Abakanowicz (1930–2017), sculptor
* Henryk Arctowski (1871–1958), geologist and explorer
*Grażyna Bacewicz (1909–1969), composer
*Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński (1921–1944), Home Army soldier and poet
*Władysław Bartoszewski (1922–2015), politician, social activist, journalist, writer and historian
*Józef Beck (1894–1944), politician
* Zygmunt Berling (1896–1980), general and politician
*Bolesław Bierut (1892-1956), Polish President, Prime Minister and communist leader
*Jan Brzechwa (1898–1966), poet
*Jan Bytnar (1921–1943), Home Army soldier and anti-Nazi resistance fighter
*Grzegorz Ciechowski (1957–2001), musician
*Józef Cyrankiewicz (1911–1989), communist leader
* Kazimierz Deyna (1947–1989), footballer
*Xawery Dunikowski (1875–1964), sculptor and painter
*Adolf Dymsza (1900–1975), actor
*Wojciech Fangor (1922–2015), painter and graphic artist
* Emil August Fieldorf (1895–1953), general and WWII hero
*Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński (1905–1953), poet
*Bronisław Geremek (1932–2008), politician and social historian
* Władysław Gomułka (1905–1982), communist leader
*Kazimierz Górski (1921–2006), football coach
*Leopold Infeld (1898–1968), physicist
* Stefania Jabłońska (1920–2017), scientist
*Alina Janowska (1923–2017), actress
*Wojciech Jaruzelski (1923–2014), communist leader
* Jan Kapela (1931–1987), politician
*Ryszard Kapuściński (1932–2007), journalist
*Leszek Kołakowski (1927–2009), philosopher
*Władysław Komar (1940–1998), athlete
*Tadeusz Konwicki (1926–2015), writer
* Kazimierz Kuratowski (1896–1980), mathematician
*Jacek Kuroń (1934–2004), anti-communist activist
* Stefan Kuryłowicz (1949–2011), architect
*Oskar Lange (1904–1965), economist
* Tadeusz Łomnicki (1927–1992), actor
*Stanisław Mazur (1905–1981), mathematician
* Grzegorz Miecugow (1955–2017), media personality
*Zofia Nałkowska (1884–1954), novelist
*Jan Olszewski (1930–2019), politician
*Maria Ossowska (1896–1974), sociologist
*Marian Rejewski (1905–1980), mathematician and cryptologist
*Zbigniew Religa (1938–2009), surgeon and politician
* Michał Rola-Żymierski (1890-1989), communist leader and marshal of Poland
* Tadeusz Ross (1938–2021), actor and politician
* Leon Schiller (1887–1954), theatre director
* Kamila Skolimowska (1982–2009), athlete
* Walery Sławek (1879–1939), politician
*Piotr Sobociński (1958–2001), cinematographer
*Stanisław Sosabowski (1892–1967), WWII general
*Tomasz Stańko (1942–2018), jazz musician
*Aleksander Sulkiewicz (1867–1916), politician
*Jerzy Szacki (1929–2016), sociologist
*Danuta Szaflarska (1915–2017), actress
* Irena Szewińska (1946–2018), athlete
*Władysław Szpilman (1911–2000), pianist and composer
*Leonid Teliga (1917–1970), sailor
*Julian Tuwim (1894–1953), poet
*Jerzy Urban (1933–2022), journalist, publicist, columnist, writer, communist, spokesman for the Council of Ministers of the Polish People's Republic
* Witold Woyda (1939–2008), fencer
* Jan Zumbach (1915–1986), WWII fighter pilot and flying ace

Gallery

Image:Powazki powstanie 1.JPG, Graves of Polish soldiers who died in the 1944 Warsaw Uprising
Image:Powazki wojskowe groby 1920.JPG, Graves from the Polish-Soviet War
Image:Kwatera Batalionu Zośka Cmentarz Wojskowy na Powązkach 010.JPG, Graves of Gray Ranks members
Image:Powazki wrzesien 3.JPG, World War II graves
Image:Sosabowski grave.JPG, Stanisław Sosabowski's grave
Image:Groby załogi lotu LO5055.jpg, Graves of the victims of the LOT Polish Airlines Flight 5055
Image:Funeral military ceremony in Poland.jpg, Funeral ceremony at the cemetery
Image:Juliusz Rómmel grób.JPG, Juliusz Rómmel's grave
Image:Ryszard Kuklinski - grave.jpg, Ryszard Kukliński's grave
Image:Wojciech Jaruzelski (grób) 03.JPG, Wojciech Jaruzelski's grave
File:Zygmunt Berling - gravestone.jpg, Zygmunt Berling's grave

See also

*Powązki Cemetery
* Rakowicki Cemetery
*Lychakiv Cemetery

References

External links

*

Comprehensive information at the Cmentarium website

{{DEFAULTSORT:Powazki Military Cemetery
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Cemeteries in Warsaw
Military memorials and cemeteries in Poland
Żoliborz