Pierre Joxe, KBE (; born 28 November 1934) is a former

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

Socialist Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the ...

politician and has been a member of the

Constitutional Council of France The Constitutional Council (french: Conseil constitutionnel; ) is the highest constitutional authority in France. It was established by the Constitution of the Fifth Republic on 4 October 1958 to ensure that constitutional principles and rules ...

between 2001 and 2010. A graduate of the

École nationale d'administration The École nationale d'administration (generally referred to as ENA, en, National School of Administration) was a French ''grande école'', created in 1945 by President Charles de Gaulle and principal author of the 1958 Constitution Michel Deb ...

, he joined the

Court of Audit of France The ''Cour des Comptes'' ("Court of Accounts") is France's supreme audit institution, under French law an administrative court. As such, it is independent from the legislative and executive branches of the French Government. However, the 1946 an ...

in the 1960s. Whereas his father,

Louis Joxe Louis Joxe (16 September 1901 – 6 April 1991) was a French statesman, judge and politician. He was born in Bourg-la-Reine, Hauts-de-Seine. Career * Ambassador of France to the USSR (1952–1955) * Ambassador of France to the Federal Republi ...

, was Justice Minister of

Charles de Gaulle Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Governm ...

, Pierre Joxe entered politics as a follower of

François Mitterrand François Marie Adrien Maurice Mitterrand (26 October 19168 January 1996) was President of France, serving under that position from 1981 to 1995, the longest time in office in the history of France. As First Secretary of the Socialist Party, he ...

, first in the

Convention of Republican Institutions The Convention of Republican Institutions (french: Convention des institutions républicaines, CIR) was a socialist and republican party in France led by François Mitterrand. The CIR, founded in early June 1964, transformed from a loosely organ ...

, then (from 1971) in the renewed

Socialist Party Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the world. All of these parties claim to uphold some form of socialism, though they may have very different interpretations of what "socialism" means. Statistically, most of ...

(PS). Considered one of the closest allies of the PS leader, he was elected as a deputy for the

Saône-et-Loire Saône-et-Loire (; Arpitan: ''Sona-et-Lêre'') is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the rivers Saône and Loire, between which it lies, in the country's central-eastern part. Saône-et-Loire is Bo ...

''département'' in 1973. He presided over the regional council of

Burgundy Burgundy (; french: link=no, Bourgogne ) is a historical territory and former administrative region and province of east-central France. The province was once home to the Dukes of Burgundy from the early 11th until the late 15th century. The ...

from 1979 to 1982. In 1981, when Mitterrand was elected

President of France The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency i ...

, Joxe became Minister of Industry for only one month, before he became leader of the Socialist group in the

French National Assembly The National Assembly (french: link=no, italics=set, Assemblée nationale; ) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are kn ...

. Then, he joined the cabinet as

Interior Minister An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency ...

from 1984 to the Socialist defeat in the 1986 legislative election. Re-appointed leader of the PS parliamentary group again, he became the

after Mitterrand had won a second presidential term in 1988. He was the author of a new law code for

Corsica Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France. It is the fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of ...

. In 1991, during the

Gulf War The Gulf War was a 1990–1991 armed campaign waged by a 35-country military coalition in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Spearheaded by the United States, the coalition's efforts against Iraq were carried out in two key phases: ...

, he served as

Defense Minister A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in s ...

. During March 1993, Joxe gave up politics to lead the

. Then, he was nominated to the Constitutional Council (2001–2010). He has two sons, Benoît Joxe and Baptiste Joxe, both from his third marriage.

Political career

First President of the Court of Audit : 1993–2001 (Resignation). Member of the Constitutional Council of France : 2001–2010. Governmental functions Minister of Defence : 1991–1993. Minister of Interior : 1988–1991. Minister of Interior and Decentralization : 1984–1986. Minister of Industry : May–June 1981. Electoral mandates ''National Assembly of France'' President of the

Group in the National Assembly : 1981–1984 (Became minister in 1984) / 1986–1988. Elected in 1981, reelected in 1986. Member of the

National Assembly of France The National Assembly (french: link=no, italics=set, Assemblée nationale; ) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are know ...

for

: 1973–1981 (Became minister in 1981) / 1981–1984 (Became minister in 1984) / 1986–1988 (Became minister in 1988). Elected in 1978, reelected in 1978, 1981, 1986, 1988. ''Regional Council'' President of the Regional Council of

: 1979–1982. Regional councillor of Ile-de-France : 1992–1993 (Resignation). ''General Council'' General councillor of

: 1973–1979. ''Municipal Council'' Deputy-mayor of

Chalon-sur-Saône Chalon-sur-Saône (, literally ''Chalon on Saône'') is a city in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. It is the largest city in the department; how ...

: 1977–1983. Municipal councillor of

: 1977–1983. Councillor of Paris : 1989–1993 (Resignation).

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Joxe, Pierre 1934 births Living people Politicians from Paris French Protestants Convention of Republican Institutions politicians Socialist Party (France) politicians French interior ministers French Ministers of Defence Deputies of the 5th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 6th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 7th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 8th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 9th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Judges of the Court of Audit (France) Political whips École nationale d'administration alumni Commanders of the Ordre national du Mérite Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit Commander's Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary (civil) Honorary Fellows of the London School of Economics