Payer Peak
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Payer Peak, ( da, Payer Tinde or ''Payers Fjeld'') is a
mountain A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually highe ...
in
King Christian X Land King Christian X Land ( da, Kong Christian X Land) is an area of northeastern Greenland. History This area was named after King Christian X of Denmark and Iceland (1870 – 1947), who rose to the throne in 1912. At the time of the Three-year ...
, Northeast
Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland i ...
. Administratively it is part of the Northeast Greenland National Park zone. The region around Payer Peak is uninhabited. This mountain is located in the high
Arctic The Arctic ( or ) is a polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), Danish Realm (Greenland), Finland, Iceland, N ...
zone, where Polar climate prevails. The
average annual temperature Climate is the long-term weather pattern in an area, typically averaged over 30 years. More rigorously, it is the mean and variability of meteorological variables over a time spanning from months to millions of years. Some of the meteorological ...
in the area is −17 °C. The warmest month is June when the average temperature rises to −2 °C and the coldest is November with −23 °C.


Geography

Payer Peak rises on the northern side of Suess Land in the inner
Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord ( da, Kejser Franz Josef Fjord; kl, Kangerluk Kejser Franz Joseph) is a major fjord system in the NE Greenland National Park area, East Greenland. Geography The Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord has its mouth in the Foster Ba ...
only 4 km from the shore of the fjord. It is located south of Cape Payer, a headland in the fjord's southern coast. Together with Petermann Peak this mountain was long believed to be one of the highest summits in northeastern Greenland, but its actual height does not reach . It is marked as a peak in the
Defense Mapping Agency The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) is a combat support agency within the United States Department of Defense whose primary mission is collecting, analyzing, and distributing geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) in support of nationa ...
Greenland Navigation charts and as a mountain in other sources.


Historical background

Payer Peak was named ''Payer Spitze'' by Carl Koldewey during the Second
German North Polar Expedition The German North Polar Expeditions were a short series of mid-19th century German expeditions to the Arctic. The aim was to explore the North Pole region and to brand the newly united, Prussian-led German Empire as a great power. In 1866, German ge ...
he led while first surveying and partially exploring Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord in 1869–70. The peak was named after Austro-Hungarian arctic explorer
Julius von Payer Julius Johannes Ludovicus Ritter von Payer (2 September 1841, – 29 August 1915), ennobled Ritter von Payer in 1876, was an officer of the Austro-Hungarian Army, mountaineer, arctic explorer, cartographer, painter, and professor at the Ther ...
(1842–1915) who was co-leader of the expedition. In August 1870 Julius Payer,
Ralph Copeland Ralph Copeland FRSE FRAS (3 September 1837 – 27 October 1905) was an English astronomer and the third Astronomer Royal for Scotland. Life Copeland was born at Moorside Farm, near Woodplumpton in Lancashire, England the son of Robert Copela ...
and Peter Ellinger climbed to the ice plateau NE of Payer Peak via the Solklar Glacier and from here were able to view of inner Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord and Petermann Peak. Although much publicity was given to the 1870 ascent of Payer Peak in 1870 as a landmark in Arctic mountaineering, John Haller and Wolfgang Diehl, who climbed Payer Tinde in 1952 found no evidence of a previous ascent.Odell, N.E. 1943:'' Aspects of mountaineering in the high Arctic.''
Alpine Journal The ''Alpine Journal'' (''AJ'') is an annual publication by the Alpine Club of London. It is the oldest mountaineering journal in the world. History The magazine was first published on 2 March 1863 by the publishing house of Longman in London ...
54, 182–190.


See also

*
List of mountain peaks of Greenland This article comprises three sortable tables of major mountain peaksThis article defines a significant summit as a summit with at least of topographic prominence, and a major summit as a summit with at least of topographic prominence. All ...
*
List of mountains in Greenland This is a list of mountains in Greenland. List For each mountain, the municipality in which it is located is given, along with coordinates indicating the approximate centre of the mountain (follow the link to see satellite images of the location ...
*
List of the ultra-prominent summits of North America The following sortable tables comprise the most topographically prominent mountain peaks of greater North America. Each of these 353 summits has at least of topographic prominence. This article defines greater North America as the portion o ...
*
List of the major 100-kilometer summits of North America The following sortable table comprises the 230 mountain peaks of greater North AmericaThis article defines greater North America as the portion of the continental landmass of the Americas extending westward and northward from the Isthmus o ...


References


External links


Payer Fjeld, GreenlandPeakery - Greenland mountains and peaks
Payer {{Greenland-geo-stub