Panevėžys County
Panevėžys County ( lt, Panevėžio apskritis) is one of ten counties in Lithuania. It is in the north-east of the country, and its capital is Panevėžys. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Panevė ...
,
Lithuania
Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...
, located near the bank of the
Svalia River
The Svalia is a 36-km long river in northern Lithuania and a right tributary of the Lėvuo river.Treaty of Pasvalys was signed in the town, which provoked
Ivan IV of Russia
Ivan IV Vasilyevich (russian: Ива́н Васи́льевич; 25 August 1530 – ), commonly known in English as Ivan the Terrible, was the grand prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and the first Tsar of all Russia from 1547 to 1584.
Iva ...
to start the
Livonian War
The Livonian War (1558–1583) was the Russian invasion of Old Livonia, and the prolonged series of military conflicts that followed, in which Tsar Ivan the Terrible of Russia (Muscovy) unsuccessfully fought for control of the region (pr ...
. Pasvalys has mineral spring waters – in 1923 physician K. Armonas created a small sanatorium. At this time about 200 people spent time in sanatorium yearly.
Soviet occupation
During World War II, the Soviet Union occupied and annexed several countries effectively handed over by Nazi Germany in the secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of 1939. These included the eastern regions of Poland (incorporated into two different ...
and mass deportations in 1941 were devastating – most of the most active teachers and civil servants, intellectuals were deported to remote regions in Russia and Central Asia.
In August 1941, 1349 Jews from the village and the surroundings were executed by an
Einsatzgruppen
(, ; also ' task forces') were (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass murder, primarily by shooting, during World War II (1939–1945) in German-occupied Europe. The had an integral role in the im ...
of Germans and local collaborators as mentioned in the
Jäger Report
The so-called Jäger Report, also Jaeger Report (full title: ''Complete tabulation of executions carried out in the Einsatzkommando 3 zone up to December 1, 1941'') was written on 1 December 1941 by Karl Jäger, commander of ''Einsatzkommando'' ...
.
After 1944 Soviet mass deportations started again – the main target were farmers and their families. Hundreds of families were deported. The program of forced collectivisation has started.
Since 1947 partisans of Pasvalys district fought against Soviet occupants. Pasvalys' partisans belonged to
Algimantas military district
Algimantas military district (also Algimantas partisan military district) is a military district of Lithuanian partisans which operated in 1947-1950 in the counties of Panevėžys and Rokiškis
Rokiškis () is a city in northeastern Lithuania w ...
(''apygarda''), later - to
Vytis military district
Vytis military district (also Vytis partisan military district) is a military district of Lithuanian partisans which operated in 1944–1953 in the counties of Panevėžys and Ukmergė as well in some parts of the Kėdainiai
Kėdainiai () is o ...
of the
Lithuanian partisans
The Lithuanian partisans () were partisans who waged a guerrilla warfare in Lithuania against the Soviet Union in 1944–1953. Similar anti-Soviet resistance groups, also known as Forest Brothers and cursed soldiers, fought against Soviet rule ...
. Most of the partisans operated in ''Žalioji rinktinė'' (''The Green Squad''), which was based in ''Žalioji giria'' (''The Green Forest'').Apie pokario kovas Pasvalio krašte /ref>
Education
Pasvalys Gimnasium of Petras Vileisis.
Industry
Pasvalys is famous for its farmhouse beer and is a part of Beer Route in Lithuania.
Cheese factory owned by company Pieno Žvaigždės is located in the city.
Sports
Pasvalys has its basketball club -
BC Pieno žvaigždės
BC Pieno žvaigždės ( lt, Krepšinio klubas Pieno žvaigždės) is a professional basketball club from Pasvalys, Lithuania which currently plays in the Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL). The club name comes from the main sponsor Pieno žvaigž ...
Livonian Order
The Livonian Order was an autonomous branch of the Teutonic Order,
formed in 1237. From 1435 to 1561 it was a member of the Livonian Confederation.
History
The order was formed from the remnants of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword after th ...
File:Silas.JPG, Pinewood and stadium
File:Pasvalio Stadionas.JPG, Pasvalys stadium
File:Pasvalys Church.jpg, Pasvalys Church, with fractures due to earth instability visible
File:Pasvalys2009.JPG, Pasvalys in winter
File:Pasvalio šaltinis, piltuvas.JPG, The Green Spring in Pasvalys
Żory
Żory (; german: Sohrau, szl, Żory) is a town and city county in Silesian Voivodeship, Poland with 62,462 inhabitants (2019). Previously it was in Katowice Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located in the historic Upper Silesia region about sou ...
in
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...