Panna State was a

princely state A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, subject to ...

colonial India Colonial India was the part of the Indian subcontinent that was occupied by European colonial powers during the Age of Discovery. European power was exerted both by conquest and trade, especially in spices. The search for the wealth and prospe ...

, located in modern Panna district of

Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (, ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the second ...

. The state of Panna belonged to the

Bundelkhand Agency The Bundelkhand Agency was a political agency of the British Raj, managing the relations of the British government with the protected princely states of the Bundelkhand region. History Historical background The Marathas ceded parts of Bu ...

and covered an area of, 6724 km² with 1,008 villages within its borders in 1901. It took its name from the chief town in the area, Panna, which was the capital of the state.

History

A predecessor state was founded by one of the

Raj Gond The Gondi (Gōndi) or Gond or Koitur are a Dravidian ethno-linguistic group. They are one of the largest tribal groups in India. They are spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, Andhra P ...

chiefs of the area around 1450. Almost three centuries later Panna was the capital chosen by a leader Chhatar Sal, the founder of Panna State, after leading a revolt against the

Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...

. He established an alliance with the

Maratha The Marathi people ( Marathi: मराठी लोक) or Marathis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are indigenous to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language. Maharashtra was formed a ...

Peshwa The Peshwa (Pronunciation: e(ː)ʃʋaː was the appointed (later becoming hereditary) prime minister of the Maratha Empire of the Indian subcontinent. Originally, the Peshwas served as subordinates to the Chhatrapati (the Maratha king); later ...

and made Panna his capital. After conquering Mahoba in 1680 Chhatar Sal extended his rule over most of

Bundelkhand Bundelkhand (, ) is a geographical and cultural region and a proposed state and also a mountain range in central & North India. The hilly region is now divided between the states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, with the larger portion l ...

. Upon his death in 1731, his kingdom was divided among his sons, with one-third of the kingdom going to his son-in-law, the Peshwa

Baji Rao I Baji Rao I (18 August 1700 – 28 April 1740), born as Visaji, also known as Bajirao Ballal (Pronunciation: ad͡ʒiɾaːʋ bəlːaːɭ, was the 7th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. During his 20-year tenure as a Peshwa, he defeated Nizam-ul-M ...

. The Kingdom of Panna went to Harde Sah, the eldest son of Chhatar Sal. In the early 19th century, Panna became a

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...

, and gained control of the states of Nagod and Sohawal. Raja Nirpat Singh assisted the British in the

Revolt of 1857 The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the for ...

, and the British rewarded him with the title ''

Maharaja Mahārāja (; also spelled Maharajah, Maharaj) is a Sanskrit title for a "great ruler", "great king" or " high king". A few ruled states informally called empires, including ruler raja Sri Gupta, founder of the ancient Indian Gupta Empire, a ...

.'' Maharaja Madho Singh was deposed by the

Viceroy A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the French word ''roy'', meaning " ...

in April 1902, after a commission found him guilty of poisoning his uncle, Rao Raja Khuman Singh, the previous year. Maharaja Mahendra Yadvendra Singh acceded to the

Government of India The Government of India ( ISO: ; often abbreviated as GoI), known as the Union Government or Central Government but often simply as the Centre, is the national government of the Republic of India, a federal democracy located in South Asia, ...

on 1 January 1950, and the kingdom became Panna District of the new Indian state of

Vindhya Pradesh Vindhya Pradesh was a former state of India. It occupied an area of 23,603 sq. miles. It was created in 1948 as Union of Baghelkhand and Bundelkhand States, shortly after Indian independence, from the territories of the princely states in the ea ...

. Vindhya Pradesh was merged into

on 1 November 1956.

Rulers

The rulers of the state were entitled to an 11-

gun salute A gun salute or cannon salute is the use of a piece of artillery to fire shots, often 21 in number (''21-gun salute''), with the aim of marking an honor or celebrating a joyful event. It is a tradition in many countries around the world. Histo ...

by the British authorities.

Rajas

*1675 - 1731 Raja Chhatrasal *1731 - 1739 Hardesah Singh (d. 1739) *1739 - 1752 Sabha Singh (d. 1752) *1752 - 1758 Aman Singh (d. 1758) *1758 - 1777 Hindupat Singh (d. 1777) *1777 - 1779 Anirudh Singh (d. 1779) *1779 - 1785 interregnum *1785 - 1798 Dhokal Singh *1798 - 1834 Kishor Singh (d. 1834) *1834 - 1849 Harbans Rai *1849 - 1869 Nirpat Singh (d. 1870)

Maharajas

*1869 - Jun 1870 Nirpat Singh (s.a.) * 9 Jun 1870 - 1893 Rudra Pratap Singh (b. 1848 - d. 1893) (from 1 Jan 1876, Sir Rudra Pratap Singh) *1893 - 9 Mar 1898 Lokpal Singh (d. 1898) * 9 Mar 1898 – 22 Apr 1902 Madho Singh (d. af.1925) * 20 Jun 1902 – 15 Aug 1947 Yadvendra Singh Judeo (b. 1893 - d. 1963)

Titular Maharajas

* 1947 - 1963: Yadvendra Singh Judeo * 1963 - 1971: Narendra Singh Judeo After abolition of all royal titles and privy purse in 1971. * 1971 - 1998: Narendra Singh Judeo * 1998 - 2009: Manvendra Singh Judeo * 2009–present: Raghavendra Singh Judeo

References

External links

* * {{Princely states of India Princely states of Bundelkhand Panna district Rajputs Panna, India 1731 establishments in India 1950 disestablishments in India