Palladium(II) nitrate is the
inorganic compound with the formula Pd(NO
3)
2.(H
2O)
x where x = 0 or 2. The anhydrous and dihydrate are
deliquescent
Hygroscopy is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules via either absorption or adsorption from the surrounding environment, which is usually at normal or room temperature. If water molecules become suspended among the substance' ...
solids. According to
X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography is the experimental science determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions. By measuring the angles ...
, both compounds feature square planar Pd(II) with unidentate nitrate ligands. The anhydrous compound, which is a
coordination polymer, is yellow.
As a solution in nitric acid, Pd(NO
3)
2 catalyzes the conversion of
alkene
In organic chemistry, an alkene is a hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond.
Alkene is often used as synonym of olefin, that is, any hydrocarbon containing one or more double bonds.H. Stephen Stoker (2015): General, Organic, an ...
s to dinitrate esters. Its
pyrolysis
The pyrolysis (or devolatilization) process is the thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures, often in an inert atmosphere. It involves a change of chemical composition. The word is coined from the Greek-derived elements ''py ...
affords
palladium oxide
Palladium(II) oxide is the inorganic compound of formula Pd O. It is the only well characterised oxide of palladium. It is prepared by treating the metal with oxygen. Above about 900 °C, the oxide reverts to palladium metal and oxygen gas. I ...
.
[Timothy T. Wenzel "Palladium(II) Nitrate" Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis 2001, John Wiley & Sons. ]
Preparation
Hydrated palladium nitrate may be prepared by dissolving
palladium oxide
Palladium(II) oxide is the inorganic compound of formula Pd O. It is the only well characterised oxide of palladium. It is prepared by treating the metal with oxygen. Above about 900 °C, the oxide reverts to palladium metal and oxygen gas. I ...
hydrate in dilute nitric acid followed by crystallization. The nitrate crystallizes as yellow-brown
deliquescent
Hygroscopy is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules via either absorption or adsorption from the surrounding environment, which is usually at normal or room temperature. If water molecules become suspended among the substance' ...
prisms. The anhydrous material is obtained by treating palladium metal with fuming
nitric acid
Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a highly corrosive mineral acid. The compound is colorless, but older samples tend to be yellow cast due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. Most commercially available nitri ...
.
[
]
References
Nitrates
Palladium compounds
Oxidizing agents
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