The Imperial Order of the White Eagle (russian: О́рден Бе́лого Орла́) was an

Imperial Russian The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The ...

Order based on the Polish honor. Emperor

Nicholas I of Russia Nicholas I , group=pron ( – ) was List of Russian rulers, Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland. He was the third son of Paul I of Russia, Paul I and younger brother of his predecessor, Alexander I ...

established the award in 1831 as the ''Imperial and Royal Order of the White Eagle''. A recipient of the Order was granted the title ''Knight of the Imperial (and Royal) Order of the White Eagle''.

Background

The "white eagle" has been associated with Poland even prior to statehood; first appearing on the Polish Coat of Arms in the 13th century. The original Order of the White Eagle ( pl, Order Orła Białego) was reputedly established by King Władysław I in 1325. There is no evidence of it being awarded, however, until 1705 under

Augustus II the Strong Augustus II; german: August der Starke; lt, Augustas II; in Saxony also known as Frederick Augustus I – Friedrich August I (12 May 16701 February 1733), most commonly known as Augustus the Strong, was Elector of Saxony from 1694 as well as K ...

, King of the

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Crown of the Kingdom of ...

. After the

Third Partition of Poland The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish ...

in 1795, the Order of the White Eagle briefly disappeared along with the Polish monarchy. After his death in 1798, Empress Alexandra wore the Collar of the Grand Master of the Order at

Nicholas Nicholas is a male given name and a surname. The Eastern Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church, and the Anglicanism, Anglican Churches celebrate Saint Nicholas every year on December 6, which is the name day for "Nicholas". In Greece, the n ...

’s coronation as King of Poland. The order was resurrected in 1807 by

Napoleon I Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

in his short-lived

Duchy of Warsaw The Duchy of Warsaw ( pl, Księstwo Warszawskie, french: Duché de Varsovie, german: Herzogtum Warschau), also known as the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and Napoleonic Poland, was a French client state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807, during ...

. In 1815, the

Congress of Vienna The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon B ...

divided the historically Polish lands among

Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an em ...

, the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, ...

and the Russian Empire. The majority of the territory was renamed the

Kingdom of Poland The Kingdom of Poland ( pl, Królestwo Polskie; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a state in Central Europe. It may refer to: Historical political entities *Kingdom of Poland, a kingdom existing from 1025 to 1031 *Kingdom of Poland, a kingdom exist ...

and was to be an autonomous part of the Russian Empire. The Order of the White Eagle is mentioned as belonging to the Kingdom of Poland in its constitution of 1815: During the years immediately following the Congress of Vienna, the badge and cross of the Order were awarded with the same Polish insignia, but the majority of the recipients were Russians or members of the Austrian Empire. After Russian troops put down the Polish uprising of 1830-31, Nicholas I stripped the autonomy from the Kingdom of Poland and adopted all Polish orders of merit.

Order within the Russian Empire

The Order of the White Eagle was officially "annexed" by Nicholas I on 17 November 1831 and became part of the Russian Imperial honors system. Among the first recipients of the Imperial Order of the White Eagle were

Ivan Paskevich Count Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich-Erevansky, Serene Prince of Warsaw (russian: Ива́н Фёдорович Паске́вич-Эриванский, светлейший князь Варшавский, tr. ; – ) was an Imperial Russian mi ...

and

Pyotr Petrovich Palen Peter Johann Christoph Graf von der Pahlen (russian: Пётр Петрович Пален, translit=Pyotr Petrovich Palen; , Kauzmünde Manor, Kauzmünde (now ) - , St. Petersburg) was a Baltic German aristocrat and a general of the Imperial R ...

, recognised for their part in suppressing the Polish uprising. The new design featured significant alterations: the badge was now of gold and red enamel; on the front, the original red maltese cross and white eagle were reduced in size and superimposed over the

double-headed eagle In heraldry and vexillology, the double-headed eagle (or double-eagle) is a charge (heraldry), charge associated with the concept of Empire. Most modern uses of the symbol are directly or indirectly associated with its use by the late Byzantin ...

of the Russian Empire. The back of the badge featured the original Polish badge design, superimposed over the Russian imperial eagle. The star now featured the Russian royal crown. On 25 January 1832, a blue ribbon and sash were introduced. The Order of the White Eagle was given a high status in the hierarchy of distinction, ranked only behind the

Order of Saint Andrew The Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called (russian: Орден Святого апостола Андрея Первозванного, translit=Orden Svyatogo apostola Andreya Pervozvannogo) is the highest order conferred by both the ...

, the

Order of Saint Catherine The Imperial Order of Saint Catherine (russian: Императорский Орден Святой Екатерины) was an award of Imperial Russia. Instituted on 24 November 1714 by Peter the Great on the occasion of his marriage to Catherine ...

(for women only) and the

Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky The Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was an order of chivalry of the Russian Empire first awarded on by Empress Catherine I of Russia. History The introduction of the Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was envisioned by Emperor ...

. As the top three awards were named after

Russian Orthodox Russian Orthodoxy (russian: Русское православие) is the body of several churches within the larger communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, whose liturgy is or was traditionally conducted in Church Slavonic language. Most ...

saints, the Order of the White Eagle was the preferred award to bestow upon non-Christians. It granted hereditary nobility.

Recipients

Alexander Abaza Alexander Ageevich Abaza (Александр Агеевич Абаза 1821–1895) was one of the most liberal of the advisors of Alexander II of Russia. He served as minister of finance from October 27, 1880, to May 6, 1881, and unsuccessfull ...

'Abd al-Ahad Khan Said Abd al-Ahad Khan (26 March 1859 in Karmana – 3 January 1911) was the 7th Emir of the Uzbek Manghit dynasty, the last ruling dynasty of the Emirate of Bukhara, which at the time was a part of the Russian Empire. He ascended to the title a ...

Count Nikolay Adlerberg Count Nikolay Vladimirovich Adlerberg (; 19 May 1819 – 25 December 1892), was a Russian aristocrat who served as Councilor of State and Chamberlain in the imperial court, as well as governor of Taganrog, Simferopol and Finland. Biography N ...

Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz , spouse = , issue = Marie, Princess Julius Ernst of Lippe Jutta, Crown Princess of Montenegro Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzDuke Karl Borwin , father = Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklen ...

Ahmad Shah Qajar Ahmad Shah Qajar ( fa, احمد شاه قاجار; 21 January 1898 – 21 February 1930) was Shah of Persia (Iran) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the last ruling member of the Qajar dynasty. Ahmad Shah was born in Tabriz on 21 Janu ...

Albert I of Belgium Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) was King of the Belgians from 23 December 1909 until his death in 1934. Born in Brussels as the fifth child and second son of Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders and Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-S ...

Prince Albert of Prussia (1809–1872) Prince Frederick Henry Albert of Prussia (german: Friedrich Heinrich Albrecht; 4 October 1809 – 14 October 1872) was the fifth son and youngest child of King Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. His parents had f ...

Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen Archduke Albrecht Friedrich Rudolf Dominik of Austria, Duke of Teschen (3 August 1817 – 18 February 1895), was an Austrian Habsburg general. He was the grandson of Emperor Leopold II and one of the chief military advisors of Emperor Francis ...

Albert, Prince Consort Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Franz August Karl Albert Emanuel; 26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the consort of Queen Victoria from their marriage on 10 February 1840 until his death in 1861. Albert was born in the Saxon duch ...

Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev or Alexeyev (russian: Евге́ний Ива́нович Алексе́ев ( – May 27, 1917) was an admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, viceroy of the Russian Far East, and commander-in-chief of Imperial Rus ...

Alexander III of Russia Alexander III ( rus, Алекса́ндр III Алекса́ндрович, r=Aleksandr III Aleksandrovich; 10 March 18451 November 1894) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 13 March 1881 until his death in 18 ...

Alexander Nikolaevich Golitsyn Prince Alexander Nikolayevich Golitsyn (December 19, 1773 – December 4, 1844) was a statesman of the Russian Empire, in 1803–1816 he served as Chief Prosecutor, and in 1816–1824 he served as Minister of Education, an Active Privy Councilo ...

Alexander of Battenberg Alexander Joseph ( bg, Александър I Батенберг; 5 April 185717 November 1893), known as Alexander of Battenberg, was the first prince ('' knyaz'') of the Principality of Bulgaria from 1879 until his abdication in 1886. The Bul ...

Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine Prince Alexander Ludwig Georg Friedrich Emil of Hesse and by Rhine, (15 July 1823 – 15 December 1888), was the third son and fourth child of Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse, and Wilhelmine of Baden. He was a brother of Tsarina Maria Alexandr ...

Duke Alexander of Oldenburg , house =House of Holstein-Gottorp , father = Duke Peter of Oldenburg , mother = Princess Therese of Nassau-Weilburg , birth_date = , birth_place =St. Petersburg, Russian Empire , death_date = , ...

Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia (russian: Алексе́й Алекса́ндрович; in St. Petersburg – 14 November 1908 in Paris) was the fifth child and the fourth son of Alexander II of Russia and his first wife Maria Alex ...

Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia (Russian: Алексей Михайлович) (28 December 1875 – 2 March 1895) was the sixth son and youngest child of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia and a first cousin of Alexander III of Ru ...

* Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia *

Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo and Grandee of Spain (16 September 18546 September 1927) was one of the highest court officials of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Among his ancestors were members of the House of Habsburg and the Medici family. ...

* Gyula Andrássy *

Ippolit Andreev Ippolit Petrovich Andreev was a Russian naval officer, general of the fleet, and chairman of the Main Naval Court. Biography He served in the Navy after graduating from the Marine Cadet Corps since 1864. Since 1872, he served on the judicial pr ...

* Avraamy Aslanbegov * August Gyldenstolpe *

Prince August, Duke of Dalarna Prince Nikolaus August of Sweden and Norway, Duke of Dalarna (24 August 1831 – 4 March 1873) was the youngest of the five children of King Oscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg. Biography Early life Born in Drottningholm Palace i ...

Prince August of Württemberg , image = August of Wurttemberg.jpg , spouse = Marie Bethge , issue = Helene von Wardenberg , house =House of Württemberg , father =Prince Paul of Württemberg , mother =Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen , ...

Theodor Avellan Theodor Kristian Avellan (, Fyodor Karlovich Avelan; 12 September 1839 – 30 September 1916) was a Finland-Swedish admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his role in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905. Although castigated by the ...

Count Kasimir Felix Badeni Count Kasimir Felix Badeni (German: ''Kasimir Felix Graf von Badeni'', Polish: ''Kazimierz Feliks hrabia Badeni''; 14 October 1846 – 9 July 1909), a member of the Polish noble House of Badeni, was an Austrian statesman, who served as Minister- ...

Ivane Bagration of Mukhrani }, ''Ivan Konstantinovich Bagration-Mukhransky'') (February 7, 1812 – March 11, 1895) was a Georgian nobleman of the House of Mukhrani, and general in the Imperial Russian service. He was one of the biggest Georgian landowners of that time and a ...

Pyotr Romanovich Bagration Prince Pyotr Romanovich Bagration (russian: Пётр Рома́нович Багратио́н, ka, პეტრე რომანის (რევაზის) ძე ბაგრატიონი; 24 September 1818 – 17 January 1876), the ...

Alexander Barclay de Tolly-Weymarn Prince Alexander Magnus Friedrich Barclay de Tolly-Weymarn (russian: Александр Петрович Барклай-де-Толли-Веймарн, Alexander Petrovich Barklay-de-Tolli-Veymarn; December 22, 1824 – May 8, 1905), born as A ...

Vasili Bebutov Vasiliy Osipovich Bebutov ( arm, Վասիլ Բեհբութով, ka, ვასილ ბებუთაშვილი / ბებუთოვი, russian: link=no, Василий Осипович Бебутов) (1 January 1791 – 7 April 1858) w ...

* Alexander von Benckendorff (diplomat) *

Bhanurangsi Savangwongse Bhanurangsi Savangwongse, the Prince Bhanubandhu Vongsevoradej (11 January 1859 – 13 June 1928) ( th, สมเด็จพระราชปิตุลาบรมพงศาภิมุข เจ้าฟ้าภาณุรังษ� ...

* Nikolai Bibikov *

Aleksei Birilev Aleksei Alekseyevich Birelev (russian: Алексей Алексеевич Бирилёв) (16 March 1844 – 6 February 1915) was an admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, a member of the State Council and Minister of the Navy in the Imperial Gove ...

Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of J ...

Georgy Bobrikov Georgy Ivanovich Bobrikov ( Russian, Георгий Иванович Бобриков, 1840 - 1924) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He was the brother of Nikolay Bobrikov. He had another brother, Ivan (1835-1880). He fought in World W ...

Nikolay Bobrikov Nikolay Ivanovich Bobrikov (russian: Никола́й Ива́нович Бо́бриков; in St. Petersburg – June 17, 1904 in Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland) was a Russian general and politician. He was the Governor-General of Finla ...

Woldemar von Boeckmann Woldemar Alexander Valerian von Boeckmann (russian: Влади́мир Алекса́ндрович Бе́кман ; Romanization of Russian, tr. ; 12 June 1848 – 26 November 1923) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He was on ...

Władysław Grzegorz Branicki Count Władysław Grzegorz Branicki (25 February 1783 in Warsaw – 27 August 1843 in Warsaw) was a Polish nobleman, senator and general in the Russian military. He was a putative grandson of Catherine the Great, through his maternal line. He w ...

* Charles James Briggs * Pavel Bulgakov *

Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland Prince Carl of Sweden and Norway, Duke of Västergötland (27 February 1861 – 24 October 1951) was a Swedish prince. Through his daughters, for whom he arranged excellent dynastic marriages, he is an ancestor of several members of European ro ...

Carlos I of Portugal ''Dom'' Carlos I (; English: King Charles of Portugal; 28 September 1863 – 1 February 1908), known as the Diplomat ( pt, o Diplomata), the Martyr ( pt, o Martirizado), and the Oceanographer ( pt, o Oceanógrafo), among many other names, was ...

Charles XV Charles XV also Carl (''Carl Ludvig Eugen''); Swedish: ''Karl XV'' and Norwegian: ''Karl IV'' (3 May 1826 – 18 September 1872) was King of Sweden (''Charles XV'') and Norway, there often referred to as Charles IV, from 8 July 1859 until his dea ...

Alexander Chavchavadze Prince Alexander Chavchavadze ( ka, ალექსანდრე ჭავჭავაძე, russian: Александр Чавчавадзе; 1786 – November 6, 1846) was a Georgian poet, public benefactor and military figure. Regarded as th ...

Christian IX of Denmark Christian IX (8 April 181829 January 1906) was King of Denmark from 1863 until his death in 1906. From 1863 to 1864, he was concurrently Duke of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg. A younger son of Frederick William, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein- ...

Mikhail Pavlovich Danilov Mikhail Pavlovich Danilov (15 May 1825 – 17 January 1906) was an Imperial Russian general and corps commander. He fought in the Crimean War, the January Uprising in Poland and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. Rank *Second Lieutenant: 1846 ...

* Dmitry Dashkov *

Charles de Broqueville Charles Marie Pierre Albert, 1st Count de Broqueville (4 December 1860 – 5 September 1940) was the prime minister of Belgium, serving during World War I. Before 1914 Charles de Broqueville was born into an old noble family with its roots in ...

Rudolf von Delbrück Martin Friedrich Rudolf von Delbrück (; 16 April 1817 – 1 February 1903) was a Prussian statesman at the time of Otto von Bismarck. Early life Delbrück was born at Berlin, Province of Brandenburg. He came of a distinguished family, his fathe ...

* Ivan Delyanov *

Dmitry Petrovich Dokhturov Dmitry Petrovich Dokhturov (May 25, 1838 – March 25, 1905) was an Imperial Russian brigade, division and corps commander. He fought in the wars in the Caucasus and against the Ottoman Empire. Ranks * Poruchik (April 23, 1859) * Stabskapitän ...

Mikhail Drozdovsky Mikhail Gordeevich Drozdovsky (russian: Михаил Гордеевич Дроздовский; October 7, 1881 – January 1, 1919) was a Russian army officer and one of the military leaders of the anti-Bolshevik White movement during the R ...

Fyodor Dubasov Admiral Fyodor Vasilyevich Dubasov (russian: Фёдор Васильевич Дубасов ) (3 July ( O.S. 21 June) 1845 – 2 July (O.S. 19 June) 1912, Saint Petersburg) was, Governor General of Moscow from 24 November 1905 to 5 July 1906. Fy ...

John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham John George Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, (12 April 1792 – 28 July 1840), also known as "Radical Jack" and commonly referred to in Canadian history texts simply as Lord Durham, was a British Whig statesman, colonial administrator, Governor G ...

Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich (20 September 1853 – 1918) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He took part in the war against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. He was promoted to major general in 1905 and lieu ...

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The second child and eldest son of Queen Victoria an ...

Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse , spouses = , issue = , house = Hesse-Darmstadt , father = Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine , mother =Princess Alice of the United Kingdom , birth_date = , birth_place = New Palace, Darmstadt, Gran ...

* Nikolai Ottovich von Essen *

Archduke Eugen of Austria Archduke Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard Felix Maria of Austria-Teschen (21 May 1863 – 30 December 1954) was an Archduke of Austria and a Prince of Hungary and Bohemia. He was the last Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights from the Habsburg dyna ...

* Aleksei Evert *

Ferdinand I of Bulgaria , image = Zar Ferdinand Bulgarien.jpg , caption = Ferdinand in 1912 , reign = 5 October 1908 – , coronation = , succession = Tsar of Bulgaria , predecessor = Himself as Prince , successor = Boris III , rei ...

Ferdinand II of Portugal ''Dom'' Ferdinand II (Portuguese: ''Fernando II'') (29 October 1816 – 15 December 1885) was a German prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, and King of Portugal '' jure uxoris'' as the husband of Queen Maria II, from the birth of ...

Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph of Austria-Este Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph of Austria-Este (25 April 1781 – 5 November 1850) was the third son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and of his wife Princess Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este, last member and heiress of the House of Este. Fo ...

Giustino Fortunato (1777–1862) Giustino Fortunato, also known as Giustino Fortunato senior (20 August 1777 – 22 August 1862) was an Italian magistrate and politician. His nephew was the Italian historian and politician Giustino Fortunato (1848-1932). Biography Born in Rione ...

* Francis IV, Duke of Modena *

Franz Joseph I of Austria Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (german: Franz Joseph Karl, hu, Ferenc József Károly, 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the Grand title of the Emperor of Austria, other states of the Habsburg m ...

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Frederick VIII of Denmark Frederick VIII ( da, Christian Frederik Vilhelm Carl; 3 June 1843 – 14 May 1912) was King of Denmark from 29 January 1906 until his death in 1912. The eldest son of King Christian IX, nicknamed the ''Father-in-law of Europe'', Frederic ...

Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Frederick Francis III (german: Friedrich Franz Paul Nikolaus Ernst Heinrich; 19 March 1851 – 10 April 1897) was the penultimate Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Biography He was born in Schloss Ludwigslust as the son of Frederick Francis II, ...

Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden Frederick I (german: Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig; 9 September 1826 – 28 September 1907) was the Grand Duke of Baden from 1858 to 1907. Life Frederick was born in Karlsruhe, Baden, on 9 September 1826. He was the third son of Leopold, Gr ...

Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen (Friedrich Maria Albrecht Wilhelm Karl; 4 June 1856 – 30 December 1936) was a member of the House of Habsburg and the supreme commander of the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I. Early life Fr ...

* Ivan Fullon * Ivan Ganetsky *

George V George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until Death and state funeral of George V, his death in 1936. Born duri ...

* Aleksandr Gerngross * Fyodor Logginovich van Heiden * Alexander von Güldenstubbe * Grigory Golitsyn *

Vladimir Gorbatovsky Vladimir Nikolayevich Gorbatovsky (russian: Влади́мир Никола́евич Горбато́вский, May 26, 1851 – July 30, 1924) was an Imperial Russian army commander. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Emp ...

Oskar Gripenberg Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg (russian: Оскар-Фердинанд Казимирович Гриппенберг, Oskar-Ferdinand Kazimirovich Grippenberg; 13 January 1838 – 7 January 1916) was a Finnish-Swedish general of the Russian Second M ...

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Gustaf V Gustaf V (Oscar Gustaf Adolf; 16 June 1858 – 29 October 1950) was King of Sweden from 8 December 1907 until his death in 1950. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau, a half-sister of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxe ...

Gustaf VI Adolf Gustaf VI Adolf (Oscar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf; 11 November 1882 – 15 September 1973) was King of Sweden from 29 October 1950 until his death in 1973. He was the eldest son of Gustaf V and his wife, Victoria of Baden. Before Gustaf Ado ...

Ferenc Gyulay Count Ferenc Gyulay de Marosnémethi et Nádaska (, 1 September 1799 – 1 September 1868), also known as Ferencz Gyulai, Ferencz Gyulaj, or Franz Gyulai, was a Hungarian people, Hungarian nobleman who served as Austrian Empire, Austrian Governo ...

Haakon VII of Norway Haakon VII (; born Prince Carl of Denmark; 3 August 187221 September 1957) was the King of Norway from November 1905 until his death in September 1957. Originally a Danish prince, he was born in Copenhagen as the son of the future Frederick V ...

Lodewijk van Heiden Lodewijk Sigismund Vincent Gustaaf Reichsgraf van Heiden (german: Ludwig Sigismund Vinzent Gustav Reichsgraf van Heyden, russian: Ло́ггин Петро́вич Ге́йден, transliterated Russian name: ''Loggin Petrovich Geyden''; 6 Septemb ...

* Prince Heinrich of Hesse and by Rhine *

Dmitry Horvat Dmitry Leonidovich Horvat (July 25, 1858, Kremenchug, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire – May 16, 1937, Beiping) was a Russian lieutenant general, a railway engineer by training, over the years led various sections of the railways of the Ru ...

Alexander Ievreinov Alexander Iosafovich Ievreinov (russian: Алекса́ндр Иоаса́фович Иевреинов, August 28, 1851 – 1929) was an Imperial Russian brigade, division and corps commander. He was made a captain in 1881, a Podpolkovnik ( lieute ...

Illarion Vasilchikov Illarion Illarionovich Vasilchikov (1805 – 12 November 1862) was an Imperial Russian general. He was the son of Illarion Vasilyevich Vasilchikov and Vera Vasilchikova. He was the father of Sergei Vasilchikov. One of his daughters married Alexa ...

Alexander Imeretinsky Alexander Konstantinovich Bagration-Imeretinsky ( ka, ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი (''Aleksandre Konstantines dze Bagration-Imeretinski' ...

Maurice Janin Pierre-Thiébaut-Charles-Maurice Janin (October 19, 1862, Paris – April 28, 1946) was a French general (from April 20, 1916) and military commander who was the chief of the Allied military mission in Siberia during the Russian Civil War. As ...

* Archduke John of Austria *

Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (5 December 1825 – 27 May 1911) was the ninth of the ten children of Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kasse ...

Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Joseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (27 August 1789, in Hildburghausen – 25 November 1868, in Altenburg), was a Duke of Saxe-Altenburg. Biography He was the second but first surviving son of Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildb ...

Georg von Kameke Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke (14 April 1817, in Pasewalk – 12 October 1893, in Berlin) was a Prussian General of the Infantry and Minister of War. Life Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke was a son of Prussian army officer Georg Christian Friedric ...

* Kyprian Kandratovich *

Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern , spouse = Princess Josephine of Baden , issue = Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern Stephanie, Queen of Portugal Carol I, King of Romania Prince Anthony Prince Frederick Princess Marie, Countess of Flanders , house = Hohenzo ...

Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria en, Charles Theodore Maximilian Augustus , spouse = , issue = , house = Wittelsbach , father = Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria , mother = Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt , birth_date = , birth_pl ...

Nikolai Kashtalinsky Nikolay Aleksandrovich Kashtalinsky (russian: Николай Александрович Кашталинский) (1840 - April 17, 1917) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He fought in the Ru ...

Alexander von Kaulbars Alexander Wilhelm Andreas Freiherr von Kaulbars (russian: Александр Васильевич Каульбарс, translit=Aleksandr Vasil'evič Kaul'bars; 25 January 1925) was a Baltic German military leader who served in the Imperial Russi ...

Gustav von Kessel Gustav Emil Bernhard Bodo von Kessel (6 April 1846 – 28 May 1918) was a German general who served in the Austro-Prussian War, the Franco-Prussian War and World War I. Biography Gustav von Kessel was born on 6 April 1846 in Potsdam, Prussia. He ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia ( rus, Константи́н Константи́нович, p=kənstɐnʲˈtʲin kənstɐnʲˈtʲinəvʲɪtɕ, a=Konstantin Konstantinovich Romanov.ru.vorb.oga; 22 August 1858 – 15 June 1915 ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia (21 September 1827 – 25 January 1892) was the Emperor's Viceroy of Poland from 1862 to 1863. Early life Konstantin Nikolayevich was born as the second son of Nicholas I and his wife, Charlotte ...

* Konstantin Poltoratsky *

Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name '' Constantinus'' (Constantine) in some European languages, such as Russian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great ...

* Apostol Kostanda *

Alexander Krivoshein Alexander Vasilyevich Krivoshein (russian: Александр Васильевич Кривошеин) (July 19 (31 ( N.S.), 1857, Warsaw – October 28, 1921, Berlin) was a Russian monarchist politician and Minister of Agriculture under Pyotr S ...

Aleksey Kuropatkin Aleksey Nikolayevich Kuropatkin (russian: Алексе́й Никола́евич Куропа́ткин; March 29, 1848January 16, 1925) served as the Russian Imperial Minister of War from January 1898 to February 1904 and as a field command ...

Karl Lambert Count Karl Karlovich Lambert (russian: link=no, Карл Карлович Ламберт; french: link=no, Charles-Alexandre comte de Lambert) (1815 – 20 July 1865) was a Russian General of Cavalry and Namestnik of the Kingdom of Poland from Au ...

Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy (russian: Серге́й Степа́нович Ланско́й; - ) was the Russian Minister of the Interior from 1855 to 1861, being inaugurated during a reform-minded era and dismissed after the Emancipation Refor ...

Leonid Lesh Leonid Vilgelmovich Lesh (Russian, Леонид Вильгельмович Леш, January 9, 1862 – August 28, 1934) was an Imperial Russian army commander. He served in China and fought in the war against the Empire of Japan. Lesh took ove ...

Leopold II of Belgium * german: link=no, Leopold Ludwig Philipp Maria Viktor , house = Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , father = Leopold I of Belgium , mother = Louise of Orléans , birth_date = , birth_place = Brussels, Belgium , death_date = ...

* Alexander Mikhailovich Lermontov *

George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg Prince George Maximilianovich Romanowsky, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg (29 February 1852 – 16 May 1912), also known as Prince Georgii Romanovsky or Georges de Beauharnais, was the youngest son of Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg a ...

* Sergei Georgievich, 8th Duke of Leuchtenberg *

Kazimir Vasilevich Levitsky Kazimir Vasilyevich Levitsky (February 1835 – November 22, 1890) was an Imperial Russian general and division commander. He took part in the war against the Ottoman Empire. Awards * Order of Saint George, 4th degree, 1877 *Order of Saint Stanis ...

Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse English: Frederick William Louis Charles , house = Hesse-Darmstadt , father = Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine , mother = Princess Elisabeth of Prussia , birth_date = , birth_place = Prinz-Carl-Palais, Darmstadt, Gra ...

Prince Louis of Battenberg Admiral of the Fleet Louis Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, (24 May 185411 September 1921), formerly Prince Louis Alexander of Battenberg, was a British naval officer and German prince related by marriage to the British ...

Alexander von Lüders Count Alexander Nikolayevich Liders (russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Ли́дерс, tr. ; 14 January 1790 – 2 February 1874), better known as Alexander von Lüders, was a Russian general and Namestnik of the Kingdom of Pol ...

* Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria *

Luís I of Portugal Dom Luís I (31 October 1838, in Lisbon – 19 October 1889, in Cascais), known as The Popular (Portuguese: O Popular) was a member of the ruling House of Braganza,"While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha accord ...

Alexey Manikovsky Alexey Alekseevich Manikovsky (russian: Алексей Алексеевич Маниковский) (March 13, 1865 - January 1920, Turkestan) was an artillery general (1916). He served in the Russian Imperial Army and later defected to the Bols ...

Manuel II of Portugal ''Dom'' Manuel II (15 November 1889 – 2 July 1932), "the Patriot" ( pt, "o Patriota") or "the Unfortunate" (), was the last King of Portugal, ascending the throne after the assassination of his father, King Carlos I, and his elder brother, ...

Friedrich Martens Friedrich Fromhold Martens, or Friedrich Fromhold von Martens,, french: Frédéric Frommhold (de) Martens ( – ) was a diplomat and jurist in service of the Russian Empire who made important contributions to the science of international law. H ...

* Esma'il Mass'oud *

Maximilian I of Mexico Maximilian I (german: Ferdinand Maximilian Josef Maria von Habsburg-Lothringen, link=no, es, Fernando Maximiliano José María de Habsburgo-Lorena, link=no; 6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867) was an Austrian archduke who reigned as the only Emperor ...

Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin german: Friedrich Wilhelm Nicolas , spouse = Princess Alexandrine of Prussia (1842–1906), Alexandrine of Prussia , issue = Duchess Charlotte , house =Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , father =Paul Frederick, Gra ...

Samad bey Mehmandarov Samad bey Sadykh bey oghlu Mehmandarov ( az, Səməd bəy Sadıx bəy oğlu Mehmandarov; October 16, 1855 – February 12, 1931) was an Azerbaijani General of the Artillery in the Imperial Russian Army and served as Minister of Defense o ...

Emmanuel von Mensdorff-Pouilly Emmanuel Graf von Mensdorff-Pouilly (24 January 1777 – 28 June 1852) was an army officer in the Imperial-Royal Army of the Austrian Empire, and vice-governor of Mainz. He was the uncle of Queen Victoria and the godfather of her husband, Pr ...

* Feofil Egorovich Meyendorf * Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia *

Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia (russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович, r=Mikhail Aleksandrovich; 13 June 1918) was the youngest son and fifth child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and youngest brother of Nicholas ...

* Konstantin Mikhaylovsky *

Milan I of Serbia Milan Obrenović ( sr-cyr, Милан Обреновић, Milan Obrenović; 22 August 1854 – 11 February 1901) reigned as the prince of Serbia from 1868 to 1882 and subsequently as king from 1882 to 1889. Milan I unexpectedly abdicated in ...

Min Young-hwan Min Yeong-hwan (민영환, 閔泳煥; 7 August 1861 - 30 November 1905) was a politician, diplomat, and general of the Korean Empire and known as a conservative proponent for reform. He was born in Seoul into the powerful Yeoheung Min clan whi ...

Mikhail Mirkovich Mikhail Fyodorovich Mirkovich (September 17, 1836 – March 24, 1891) was an Imperial Russian regimental commander and ethnographer. He participated in the wars in Poland and against the Ottoman Empire. He is the son of Fedor Yakovlevich Mirkovich. ...

Sayyid Mir Muhammad Alim Khan Emir Sayyid Mir Muhammad Alim Khan ( uz, Said Mir Muhammad Olimxon, 3 January 1880 – 28 April 1944) was the last emir of the Uzbek Manghit dynasty, rulers of the Emirate of Bukhara in Central Asia. Although Bukhara was a protectorate of the R ...

Alexander von Moller Alexander Fedorovich von Moller (1796–1862) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He took in the suppression of the uprising in Poland. Awards * Order of Saint George, 4th degree, 1833 * Order of Saint Stanislaus (House of Romanov), 1s ...

* Helmuth von Moltke the Elder *

Huseyn Khan Nakhchivanski Huseyn Khan Nakhchivanski, or Nakhichevansky, francised spelling: Hussein Nahitchevansky ( az, Hüseyn xan Naxçıvanski; russian: Гусейн-хан Нахичеванский or ) (28 July 1863 in Nakhchivan City – January 1919 in St. Peters ...

Pavel Nakhimov Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov (russian: Павел Степанович Нахимов, ; – ) was a Russian Admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy known for his victory in the Battle of Sinop and his leadership in the Siege of Sevastopol (18 ...

Napoleon III Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A nephew ...

Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh Kamran Mirza ( fa, کامران ميرزا; July 22, 1856 – April 15, 1929), was a Persian Prince of Qajar dynasty and third surviving son of Nasser al-Din Shah. He was the brother of Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan and Mozzafar al-Din Shah. He w ...

Nicholas II of Russia Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov; spelled in pre-revolutionary script. ( 186817 July 1918), known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer,. was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Pola ...

Nicholas Alexandrovich, Tsesarevich of Russia Nicholas Alexandrovich (russian: Николай Александрович; – ) was tsesarevich—the heir apparent—of Imperial Russia from 2 March 1855 until his death in 1865. Early life Grand Duke Nicholas was born on 1843, in ...

Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1831–1891) Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (russian: Великий князь Николай Николаевич; 8 August 1831 – 25 April 1891) was the third son and sixth child of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia and Alexandra Feodorovna. He may ...

Arkady Nikanorovich Nishenkov Arkady Nikanorovich Nishchenkov (6 March 1855 – February 1940 (russian: Аркадий Никанорович Нищенков) was an Imperial Russian general of the artillery and corps commander. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empi ...

Vladimir Nikolayevich Nikitin Vladimir Nikolayevich Nikitin (July 17, 1848 – May 21, 1922) was an Imperial Russian corps and army commander. He fought in the war against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. Awards Russo-Turkish War: *Order of Saint George, 4th degre ...

August Ludwig von Nostitz August Ludwig Ferdinand Count von Nostitz-Ransen (27 December 1777, Zessel, near Öls – 28 May 1866, on his estates at Zobten, near Löwenberg in Schlesien) was a Prussian general who acted as adjutant general to Frederick William III of Pru ...

Nikolai Obolensky Prince Nikolai Nikolayevich Obolensky (November 10, 1833 – August 25, 1898) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He was born in what is now Ulyanovsk, Ulyanovsk Oblast. He fought in wars in the Crimea, Poland and against the Ottoman Emp ...

David Ivanovich Orlov David (Davyd) Ivanovich Orlov (; 6 July 1840 – 24 August 1916) was an Imperial Russian lieutenant general and division commander. His son Ivan (1870–1918) married Elena de Struve, daughter of Karl von Struve. His daughter Varvara Davydovna (18 ...

Oscar II Oscar II (Oscar Fredrik; 21 January 1829 – 8 December 1907) was King of Sweden from 1872 until his death in 1907 and King of Norway from 1872 to 1905. Oscar was the son of King Oscar I and Queen Josephine. He inherited the Swedish and Norweg ...

Archduke Otto of Austria (1865–1906) en, Otto Francis Joseph Charles Louis Maria , image = ArchdukeOttoof Austria.jpg , birth_date = , birth_place = Graz, Austrian Empire , death_date = , death_place = Vienna, Austria-Hungary , house = Habsburg-Lorraine , fathe ...

Otto of Bavaria Otto of Bavaria may refer to: * Otto I, Duke of Swabia and Bavaria (955–982) * Otto of Nordheim (c. 1020–1083) * Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria (1117–1183) * Otto VIII, Count Palatine of Bavaria (before 1180 – 7 March 1209) * Otto II ...

Alexander August Wilhelm von Pape Alexander August Wilhelm von Pape (2 February 1813 – 7 May 1895) was a Royal Prussian infantry Colonel-General with the special rank of Generalfeldmarschall. Biography Pape was born in Berlin. He started his military career in 1830 as Fah ...

Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná (11 January 1801 – 3 September 1856) was a politician, diplomat, judge and monarchist of the Empire of Brazil. Paraná was born to a family of humble means in São Carlos do Jacuí, in ...

José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco José Maria da Silva Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco (16 March 1819 – 1 November 1880), was a Brazilian politician, monarchist, diplomat, teacher and journalist. Rio Branco was born in Salvador, in what was then the Captaincy of Bahi ...

Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia (russian: Павел Александрович; 3 October 1860 – 28 January 1919) was the sixth son and youngest child of Emperor Alexander II of Russia by his first wife, Empress Maria Alexandrov ...

Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (german: Herzog Paul Friedrich zu Mecklenburg; 19 September 1852 – 17 May 1923) was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and general of the Mecklenburg cavalry. Life Duke Paul Frederick was born i ...

Pedro V of Portugal , house = Braganza , house-type = House , father = Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry , mother = Queen Maria II of Portugal , birth_date = , birth_place = , death_date = , death_place = Necessida ...

Duke Peter of Oldenburg Duke Constantine Frederick Peter of Oldenburg (german: Konstantin Friedrich Peter; russian: Пётр Гео́ргиевич Ольденбу́ргский, translit=Pëtr Geórgievič Ol'denbúrgskij; – ) was a Duke of the House of Oldenburg. ...

Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders nl, Filips Eugeen Ferdinand Marie Clemens Boudewijn Leopold Joris , image = Philippe comte de Flandre (1880).jpg , caption = , spouse = , issue = , house = Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , father ...

Mikhail Mikhailovich Pleshkov Mikhail Mikhailovich Pleshkov (russian: Михаил Михайлович Плешков) (13 November .S. 1 November1856 – 21 May 1927) was an Imperial Russian Army division and corps commander who achieved the rank of general of the cavalry. ...

Karl von Plettenberg Karl Freiherr von Plettenberg (18 December 1852, in Neuhaus – 10 February 1938, in Bückeburg) was a Prussian officer, and later General of Infantry during World War I. He was Commandant-General of the Guards Corps, Adjutant General of the Ge ...

Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar ( fa, محمدعلی شاه قاجار; 21 June 1872 – 5 April 1925, San Remo, Italy), Shah of Iran from 8 January 1907 to 16 July 1909. He was the sixth shah of the Qajar dynasty. Biography Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar ...

Mohammad Shah Qajar Mohammad Shah (; born Mohammad Mirza; 5 January 1808 – 5 September 1848) was the third Qajar dynasty, Qajar ''shah'' of Qajar Iran, Iran from 1834 to 1848, having succeeded his grandfather Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, Fath-Ali Shah. From a young age, M ...

Mohammad Taqi Mirza Rokn ed-Dowleh Mohammad Taqi Mirza Rokn ed-Dowleh was a Persian prince of Qajar dynasty. He was born in Tehran to King Mohammad Shah Qajar before 13 February 1842 (s/o a Zainab Khanum) and was created the title Rukn ud-Daula in 1868. He was governor of Tehran be ...

Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar ( fa, مظفرالدین شاه قاجار, Mozaffar ad-Din Ŝāh-e Qājār; 23 March 1853 – 3 January 1907), was the fifth shah of Qajar Iran, reigning from 1896 until his death in 1907. He is often credited with t ...

Naser al-Din Shah Qajar Naser al-Din Shah Qajar ( fa, ناصرالدین‌شاه قاجار; 16 July 1831 – 1 May 1896) was the fourth Shah of Qajar Iran from 5 September 1848 to 1 May 1896 when he was assassinated. He was the son of Mohammad Shah Qajar and Mal ...

Fyodor Radetsky Fyodor Fyodorovich Radetsky (Radetzky in German) (; 1820–1890) was a Russian general of German- Silesian extraction. He founded the city of Krasnovodsk (modern Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan) in 1869. He commanded the Russian forces at the 3rd stag ...

Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł Prince Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł ( pl, Fryderyk Wilhelm Ferdynand Antoni Radziwiłł; 31 March 183316 December 1904) was a member of the Polish-Lithuanian nobility and a General of the Artillery in the Prussian Army. He was the nephew of Princes ...

Christopher Roop Christopher Khristoforovich Roop ( Russian, Христофор Христофорович Рооп; May 1, 1831 – 1917) was an Imperial Russian army officer. He was promoted to Polkovnik (colonel) in 1857, major general in 1863 and lieutenant ...

* Prince Rudolf of Liechtenstein *

Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria en, Rudolph Francis Charles Joseph , caption = Rudolf in 1887 , spouse = , issue = Elisabeth Marie, Princess Otto of Windisch-Graetz , house = Habsburg-Lorraine , father = Franz Joseph I of Austria , mother ...

Adam Rzhevusky Aleksander Adam Rzewuski (russian: Адам Адамович Ржевуский, tr. ; 1801 – April 17, 1888) was a Polish-Russian general. He was born in Pohrebyshche in the Kiev Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine). He pa ...

John Salmond Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir John Maitland Salmond, (17 July 1881 – 16 April 1968) was a British military officer who rose to high rank in the Royal Flying Corps and then the Royal Air Force. During the First World War he served as a sq ...

Anton Yegorovich von Saltza Baron Anton Yegorovich Zaltsa (, tr. ; 22 October 18439 February 1916), better known as Baron Anton Yegorovich von Saltza, was a Russian general of Baltic German origin who was the commander of the Kazan Military District, he was also one of the ...

Alexander Samsonov Aleksandr Vasilyevich Samsonov (russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Самсо́нов, tr. ; ) was a career officer in the cavalry of the Imperial Russian Army and a general during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. He ...

* Pavel Savvich *

Johan Eberhard von Schantz Johan Eberhard von Schantz (russian: Иван Иванович фон Шанц; 29 October 1802 – 3 January 1880) was a Finnish-born admiral in the Russian Imperial Navy, ship designer and explorer. Life Schantz was born in the Western Finn ...

* Sergei Sheydeman *

Yakov Schkinsky Yakov Federovich Shkinsky (4 June 1858 – 22 April 1938) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. After the October Revolution, he fought against the Bolshevik ...

* Emil von Schlitz *

Gustav von Senden-Bibran Gustav Freiherr (Baron) von Senden-Bibran (23 July 1847, Reisicht, Lower Silesia, Germany – 23 November 1909 in Berlin) was an admiral of the German Imperial Navy. Biography His father was a Silesian landowner who had served in the Austr ...

Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia (''Сергей Александрович''; 11 May 1857 – 17 February 1905) was the fifth son and seventh child of Emperor Alexander II of Russia. He was an influential figure during the reigns of h ...

Maximilian Seyssel d'Aix Maximilian "Max" Graf Seyssel d'Aix (20 November 1776 – 12 September 1855) was a Bavarian Lieutenant General. Birth Seyssel d'Aix was born in Munich as a member of the Seyssel d'Aix family, which moved from the Savoy to Bavaria in the beginning ...

Ivan Ivanovich Shamshev Ivan Ivanovich Shamshev (May 4, 1819 – April 21, 1892) was an Imperial Russian lieutenant general, adjutant general and division commander. He fought in the Caucasus, Hungary, Crimea, Poland and against the Ottoman Empire. Awards *Order of Sain ...

Ivan Shestakov Ivan Alexeyevich Shestakov (russian: Ива́н Алексе́евич Шестако́в; 13 April 1820 – 3 December 1888) was a Russian naval officer, statesman, and writer. Early years Shestakov was born in the village of Syrok ...

Dmitry Shuvayev Dmitry Savelyevich Shuvayev (; – 19 December 1937) was a Russian military leader, Infantry General (1912) and Minister of War (1916). Life Dmitry Shuvayev graduated from Alexander Military School in 1872. Between 1873 and 1875, he particip ...

Arkady Skugarevsky Arkady Platonovich Skugarevsky ( Russian, Аркадий Платонович Скугаревский, 17 January 1847 – ) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He fought in World War I against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire ...

Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov (4 July 1849 – 1 November 1918) was an Imperial Russian Army general of the infantry who was a division, corps and field army commander. He fought in the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1878 and in World War I. Biogr ...

* Mikhail Sokovin *

Hermann von Spaun Hermann Freiherr von Spaun (9 May 1833 – 28 May 1919) was an admiral in the Austro-Hungarian Navy. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy from December 1897 to October 1904. Background Born into the Swabian noble family of Sp ...

Archduke Stephen of Austria (Palatine of Hungary) Archduke Stephen Francis Victor (german: Stephan Franz Viktor; hu, István Ferenc Viktor; 14 September 1817 – 19 February 1867) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the last Palatine of Hungary, serving from 1847 to 1848. Bi ...

Pyotr Stolypin Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin ( rus, Пётр Арка́дьевич Столы́пин, p=pʲɵtr ɐrˈkadʲjɪvʲɪtɕ stɐˈlɨpʲɪn; – ) was a Russian politician and statesman. He served as the third prime minister and the interior minist ...

Vladimir Sukhomlinov Vladimir Aleksandrovich Sukhomlinov ( rus, Владимир Александрович Сухомлинов, p=sʊxɐˈmlʲinəf; – 2 February 1926) was a Russian general of the Imperial Russian Army who served as the Chief of the General Staf ...

Dmitry Ivanovich Sviatopolk-Mirsky Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Svyatopolk-Mirsky (russian: Дмитрий Иванович Святополк-Мирский, 1825–1899) was an Imperial Russian Army general, a politician and a member of the princely Svyatopolk-Mirsky family. Backg ...

Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen Ludwig Samson Heinrich Arthur Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen (18 June 181526 April 1881) was a Bavarian general. Early life Born in Darmstadt, on the day of Waterloo, Ludwig was a descendant from the old family of von der Tann, whi ...

Arshak Ter-Gukasov Arshak Ter-Gukasov ( hy, Արշակ Տեր-Ղուկասյան; 1819 – 8 January 1881) was a Lieutenant-General of the Russian Empire. Born to an Armenian family in Tiflis, he started his military career in 1850 and was subsequently involved in th ...

Alfred von Tirpitz Alfred Peter Friedrich von Tirpitz (19 March 1849 – 6 March 1930) was a German grand admiral, Secretary of State of the German Imperial Naval Office, the powerful administrative branch of the German Imperial Navy from 1897 until 1916. Prussi ...

Richard Ernest William Turner Lieutenant General Sir Richard Ernest William Turner, (25 July 1871 – 19 June 1961) was a senior Canadian Army officer who served during the Second Boer War and the First World War, and was a recipient of the Victoria Cross. While Turner ...

* Uchiyama Kojirō *

Paul Simon Unterberger Paul Simon Unterberger (russian: Па́вел Фёдорович У́нтербе́ргер, tr. ; August 21, 1842, Simbirsk, Russian Empire – February 12, 1921, Remplin, Weimar Republic) was a Russo-German military and state leader, militar ...

Prince Valdemar of Denmark Prince Valdemar of Denmark (27 October 1858 – 14 January 1939) was a member of the Danish royal family. He was the third son and youngest child of Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel. He had a lifelong naval career. Early l ...

* Sergei Vasilchikov * Georgy Vasmund * Julius von Verdy du Vernois * Anthony Veselovsky * Charles Vilain XIIII * Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia * Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia * Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov * Wilhelm II, German Emperor * William II of Württemberg * Sergei Witte * Vasily Zavoyko * Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan * Ferdinand von Zeppelin * Yakov Zhilinsky * Dmitry Zuyev

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Order Of The White Eagle (Russian Empire) 1831 establishments in the Russian Empire, White Eagle, Order of the 1917 disestablishments in Russia, White Eagle, Order of the Awards established in 1831, White Eagle, Order of the Awards disestablished in 1917, White Eagle, Order of the Orders, decorations, and medals of the Russian Empire, White Eagle, Order of the Orders of chivalry of the Russian Empire, White Eagle, Order of the Dynastic orders, White Eagle, Order of the

Background

Order within the Russian Empire

Recipients

See also

References