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Operation Windmill (OpWml) was the United States Navy's Second Antarctica Developments Project, an exploration and training mission to
Operation Windmill
History of Antarctica Oceanography Military in Antarctica 1947 in Antarctica 1948 in Antarctica United States and the Antarctic {{hist-stub
Operation Windmill (OpWml) was the United States Navy's Second Antarctica Developments Project, an exploration and training mission to Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest cont ...
in 1947–1948. This operation was a follow-up to the First Antarctica Development Project known as Operation Highjump
Operation HIGHJUMP, officially titled The United States Navy Antarctic Developments Program, 1946–1947, (also called Task Force 68), was a United States Navy (USN) operation to establish the Antarctic research base Little America IV. The opera ...
. The expedition was commanded by Commander Gerald L. Ketchum
Rear Admiral Gerald L. Ketchum (5 December 1908 – 22 August 1992) was a career officer in the United States Navy. He served during World War II and the Korean War. He was a recipient of the Silver Star and also participated in four expeditions ...
, USN, and the flagship of Task Force 39 was the icebreaker USS ''Burton Island''.
Missions during Operation Windmill varied including supply activities, helicopter reconnaissance of ice flows, scientific surveys, underwater demolition surveys, and convoy exercises. Malcolm Davis collected live animals, such as penguins and leopard seals, for zoological studies.
The icebreaker USS ''Edisto'' (AG-89) sailed on 1 November 1947 for the Panama Canal to rendezvous with the ''Burton Island'' for the expedition.U.S. NAVY SECOND ANTARCTICA DEVELOPMENTS PROJECT, OPERATION WINDMILL, 1947–1948. http://www.south-pole.com/windmill.htm
See also
*List of Antarctic expeditions
This list of Antarctic expeditions is a chronological list of expeditions involving Antarctica. Although the existence of a southern continent had been hypothesized as early as the writings of Ptolemy in the 1st century AD, the South Pole was ...
*Military activity in the Antarctic
As Antarctica has never been permanently settled by humans, there has historically been little military activity in the Antarctic as the Antarctic Treaty, which came into effect on June 23, 1961, bans military activity in Antarctica. Military pers ...
References
External links
Operation Windmill
History of Antarctica Oceanography Military in Antarctica 1947 in Antarctica 1948 in Antarctica United States and the Antarctic {{hist-stub