Ohel (grave)

Ohel ( he, אוהל; plural: , literally, "tent") is a structure built around a Jewish grave as a sign of prominence of the deceased. cover the graves of some (but not all) Hasidic Rebbes, important rabbis, tzadikim, prominent Jewish community leaders, and biblical figures. Typically a small masonry building, an may include room for visitors to pray, meditate, and light candles in honor of the deceased.

Source

According to Krajewska, the tradition of covering a grave with an may be based on the Cave of the Patriarchs, in which Abraham buried Sarah. Nolan Menachemson suggests that the Hasidic tradition of covering the graves of Rebbes with an derives from the ("Tent of Meeting") in which Moses communicated with God during the Israelites' travels in the desert.

Construction

are usually simple masonry structures. They may include one or two windows. In prewar Poland, the of a Rebbe was located close by the Hasidic court, and was big enough to accommodate a of ten men beside the grave.

The of the Lubavitcher Rebbes in Queens, New York, is unusual in that it does not have a roof. This allows to visit the graves without coming into contact with impurity from the dead.

Use

In the case of a Hasidic Rebbe, the ''ohel'' is a place for visitors to pray, meditate, write '' kvitelach'' (petitionary prayer notes), and light candles in honor of the deceased. ''Ohelim'' of Hasidic Rebbes, as well as the tombs of tzadikim venerated by Moroccan Jews, serve as year-round pilgrimage sites, with the biggest influx of visitors coming on the Rebbe's or tzadik's Yom Hillula (anniversary of death).

Notable ohelim

One or more graves may be included in the same ''ohel''. Notable ''ohelim'' include:

Single-grave ohel

* Baba Sali, Netivot, Israel
* Chida, Har HaMenuchot, Jerusalem
* Yonatan ben Uziel, Amuka, Israel
* Elimelech of Lizhensk, Leżajsk, Poland
* Chaim Ozer Grodzinski, leader of pre-war Eastern European Jewry
* Nachman of Breslov, Uman, Ukraine
* Nathan of Breslov, Breslov, Ukraine
* Rachel, wife of Rabbi Akiva, Tiberias, Israel
* Vilna Gaon, Vilnius, Lithuania

Multiple-grave ohel

* Avraham Mordechai Alter and Pinchas Menachem Alter, the third and sixth rebbes of Ger, Jerusalem
* Baal Shem Tov, Ze'ev Wolf Kitzes, the Degel Machaneh Ephraim, the Apter Rav, and Rabbi Boruch of Medzhybizh, Medzhybizh, Ukraine
* Avrohom Bornsztain and his son Rabbi Shmuel Bornsztain, Sochatchover Rebbes
* Dov Ber of Mezeritch and Zusha of Anipoli
* Shlomo Halberstam and Naftali Halberstam, the third and fourth Bobover Rebbes, New York
* Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn and Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the sixth and seventh Lubavitcher Rebbes, Queens, New York
* Joel Teitelbaum and Moses Teitelbaum, first and second Satmar Rebbes

Biblical figures and Talmudic sages

Biblical figures and Mishnaic and Talmudic sages are typically buried in ''ohelim'':
* Benjamin (near Kfar Saba, Israel)
* Esther and Mordechai, Hamadan, Iran
* Habakkuk, northern Israel
* Judah, Yehud, Israel
* Rabbi Meir or Rabbi Meir Baal HaNes (Rabbi Meir the miracle maker) was a Jewish sage who lived in the time of the Mishna.
* Rachel, near Bethlehem
* Simeon bar Yochai, Meron, Israel is the site of a large annual Lag BaOmer celebration
* Yose HaGelili, Dalton, Israel

Gallery

File:Rachel's Tomb c1910.jpg, Rachel's Tomb, covered by a distinctive, dome-shaped ''ohel'', as it appeared circa 1910
File:Imrei Emes and Pnei Menachem graves.jpg, The graves of Avraham Mordechai Alter (right) and his son, Pinchas Menachem Alter (left) in an ''ohel'' adjacent to the Sfas Emes Yeshiva in downtown Jerusalem
File:Ohel Baal Shem Tov.jpg, Ohel of the Baal Shem Tov in Medzhybizh, Ukraine
File:אהל הרבי מליובאוויטש.JPG, Ohel of the Lubavitcher Rebbes in Queens, New York
File:BabaSaliTomb exterior.jpg, Tomb of the Baba Sali in Netivot, Israel
File:GraveOfJonathanBenUzziel.jpg, Ohel of Rabbi Jonathan ben Uzziel in Amuka, Israel
File:Shomrei Shabbos Cemetery 20161228 25.jpg, Ohel of the Vizhnitzer Rebbes in Bnei Brak
File:Tomb of Ester and Mordechai interior.jpg, Interior of ohel of Esther and Mordechai in Hamadan, Iran

See also

* List of burial places of biblical figures

References

Sources

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* {{cite book, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nk_RFL9LYg0C&pg=PA117 , title=Dictionary of Jewish Usage: A Guide to the Use of Jewish Terms, first=Sol, last=Steinmetz, year=2005, publisher=Rowman & Littlefield, isbn=0742543870

External links

Chabad.org: The Ohel

Jewish practices
Jewish cemeteries
Jewish holy places
Jewish mausoleums
Jewish pilgrimage sites
Jewish buildings