''Oeceoclades'', collectively known as the monk orchids, is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s from the orchid family,

Orchidaceae Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...

. It is related to '' Eulophia'' and like that genus is mostly terrestrial in habit. A few species extend into very arid environments, unusual for an orchid. The genus contains about 40 known species, most of which are narrow endemics to parts of

Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...

with some widespread across much of sub-Saharan Africa and the islands of the

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by t ...

. One species, '' O. maculata'', has become naturalized in

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

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Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...

, the

West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greate ...

and

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref> In

and several other places, ''O. maculata'' is considered an invasive weed.CABI Invasive Weeds Compendium, Oeceoclades maculata
/ref> The only consistent morphological character that does not show intermediate forms in either genus and can thus separate ''Oeceoclades'' from ''Eulophia'' is the presence of two fleshy ridges on the basal part of the labellum (the hypochile). The genus was resurrected by

Leslie Andrew Garay Leslie Andrew Garay (August 6, 1924 - August 19, 2016), born Garay László András, was an American botanist. He was the curator of the Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium at Harvard University, where he succeeded Charles Schweinfurth in 1958. In 1957 ...

and

Peter Taylor Peter Taylor may refer to: Arts * Peter Taylor (writer) (1917–1994), American author, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction * Peter Taylor (film editor) (1922–1997), English film editor, winner of an Academy Award for Film Editing Politi ...

in 1976 and since then has been affirmed as a monophyletic genus in molecular phylogenetic studies.Bone, R. E., E. Sanz, and S. Buerki. 2014. The transfer of ''Eulophia beravensis'' Rchb.f. to ''Oeceoclades'' Lindl., a genus with its centre of diversity in Madagascar (Eulophiinae, Orchidaceae). ''Candollea'' 69(2): 201-205.

Species

Species accepted: *'' Oeceoclades alismatophylla'' (Rchb.f.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades ambongensis'' (Schltr.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades ambrensis'' (H.Perrier) Bosser & Morat *'' Oeceoclades analamerensis'' (H.Perrier) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades analavelensis'' (H.Perrier) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades angustifolia'' (Senghas) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades antsingyensis'' G.Gerlach *'' Oeceoclades atrovirens'' (Lindl.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades aurea'' Loubr. *'' Oeceoclades beravensis'' (Rchb.f.) R.Bone & Buerki *'' Oeceoclades boinensis'' (Schltr.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades calcarata'' (Schltr.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades callmanderi'' Bosser *'' Oeceoclades cordylinophylla'' (Rchb.f.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades decaryana'' (H.Perrier) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades flavescens'' Bosser & Morat *'' Oeceoclades furcata'' Bosser & Morat *'' Oeceoclades gracillima'' (Schltr.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades hebdingiana'' (Guillaumin) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades humbertii'' (H.Perrier) Bosser & Morat *'' Oeceoclades lanceata'' (H.Perrier) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades latifolia'' (Rolfe) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades lavergneae'' J.-B.Castillon *'' Oeceoclades lonchophylla'' (Rchb.f.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades longebracteata'' Bosser & Morat *'' Oeceoclades lubbersiana'' (De Wild. & Laurent) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades maculata'' (Lindl.) Lindl *'' Oeceoclades pandurata'' (Rolfe) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades perrieri'' (Schltr.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades petiolata'' (Schltr.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades peyrotii'' Bosser & Morat *'' Oeceoclades pulchra'' (Thouars) P.J.Cribb & M.A.Clem. *'' Oeceoclades quadriloba'' (Schltr.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades rauhii'' (Senghas) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades saundersiana'' (Rchb.f.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades sclerophylla'' (Rchb.f.) Garay & P.Taylor *†'' Oeceoclades seychellarum'' (Rolfe ex Summerh.) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades spathulifera'' (H.Perrier) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades ugandae'' (Rolfe) Garay & P.Taylor *'' Oeceoclades versicolor'' (Frapp. ex Cordem.) J.-B.Castillon *'' Oeceoclades zanzibarica'' (Summerh.) Garay & P.Taylor

References

* (1832) Edwards's Botanical Register 18: sub t. 1522. * 2005. ''Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee''. Ulmer, Stuttgart

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q1304012 Eulophiinae genera

Species

See also

References

External links