Nitin Bose (26 April 1897 – 14 April 1986) was an Indian film director, cinematographer and screenwriter of the nation's

film industry The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i.e., film production companies, film studios, cinematography, animation, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, ...

. He was born in

Calcutta Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, commer ...

and died in the same city. In the 1930s and early 1940s, he worked with New Theatres, who made bilingual movies: in both

Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...

and

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...

. Later, he moved to

Bombay Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' fin ...

and directed under the banners of

Bombay Talkies Bombay Talkies was a movie studio founded in 1934. During its period of operation, Bombay Talkies produced 40 movies in Malad, a suburb of the Indian city of Bombay. The studio was established in 1934 by Himanshu Rai and Devika Rani. After R ...

and

Filmistan Filmistan is an Indian film studio based in Goregaon, Mumbai. Spread over five acres, near Patkar College on S.V. Road, the studio has seven shooting floors, and a temple and garden for outdoor locations. Patkar College's reputation has increa ...

. The first use of

playback singing A playback singer, also known as a ghost singer, is a singer whose singing is pre-recorded for use in films. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and actors or actresses lip-sync the songs for cameras; the actual singer does not app ...

in Indian films occurred in films directed by Bose in 1935: first in ''

Bhagya Chakra ''Bhagya Chakra'' (''Wheel of Fate'') is a 1935 Indian Bengali-language film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was remade in Hindi in the same year, titled '' Dhoop Chhaon''. Cast * Biswanath Bhadhuri as Shamlal * Haricharan Bandyopadhyay as H ...

'', a Bengali film, and later the same year in its Hindi remake, '' Dhoop Chhaon''. His most well-known work is '' Ganga Jamuna''.

Early life

Nitin Bose was son of Bengali entrepreneur Hemendra Mohan Bose and Mrinalini. Mrinalini was sister of writer

Upendrakishore Raychowdhury Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury (12 May 1863 – 20 December 1915) was a Bengali writer and painter. One of his written book is ''Chotoder Shera Biggan Rochona Shongkolon''. He was the son-in-law of reformer Dwarkanath Ganguly. He was also an entre ...

, who was father of poet

Sukumar Ray Sukumar Ray (; 30 October 1887 – 10 September 1923) was a Bengali writer and poet from the Indian subcontinent. He is remembered mainly for his writings for children. He was the son of children's story writer Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury and ...

and grandfather of film director

Satyajit Ray Satyajit Ray (; 2 May 1921 – 23 April 1992) was an Indian director, screenwriter, documentary filmmaker, author, essayist, lyricist, magazine editor, illustrator, calligrapher, and music composer. One of the greatest auteurs of ...

. Bose had a great interest in photography from his childhood. His father, who was a keen photographer himself, nourished his son's interest in the same.Gulzar; Nihalani, Govind and Chatterjee, Saibal eds. (2003) ''Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema''. Encyclopaedia Britannica (India). pp. 262–264.

Career

Bose's first venture in film direction was a documentary film on Belgian Emperor's visit to India (1921). Bose started his film career as a cinematographer in 1926 in the movie ''Punarjanma''.An article on 'History of Bengali Cinema' from BFJA site
His debut as cinematographer under New Theatres banner was in the movie ''

Devdas ''Devdas'' ( bn, দেবদাস, transliterated as ''Debdās'') is a Bengali romance novel written by Sarat Chandra Chatterjee. The story pivots a tragic triangle linking Devdas, an archetypal lover in viraha (separation); Paro, his forbidd ...

'' (1928). He was cinematographer of the only film directed by

Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...

, ''

Natir Puja ''Natir Puja'' (English:the dancing girl's worship) is the only film where Rabindranath Tagore is credited as director. This film is a recording of Tagore's 1926 stage dance-drama of the same name. Background The dramatized version of Tagore' ...

'' (1932), which was based on a dance-drama composed by Tagore. Bose worked closely with director

Debaki Bose Debaki Bose (1898–1971), also known as Debaki Kumar Bose, was an Indian director, writer, and actor who is recognized for his contribution in Hindi as well as Bengali cinema. He was born on 25 November 1898 in Akalposh, (now East Burdwan), Bu ...

, but then Debaki Bose temporarily left New Theatres to

Madan Theatre Madan Theatre Company, also known as Madan Theatres Limited or Madan Theatres in short, was a film production company founded by Jamshedji Framji Madan, one of the pioneers of Indian Cinema. History Madan, a young Parsi businessman, who had expe ...

s for making ''Seeta''(1934). At this time, producer of New Theatres, B. N. Sircar asked Nitin Bose to venture into film direction. Bose started with remaking of Debaki Bose's ''Chandidas'' (1932) in Bengali to ''

Chandidas Chandidas (born 1408) was a medieval poet of Bengal, or possibly more than one. Over 1250 poems related to the love of Radha and Krishna in Bengali with the ''bhanita'' of Chandidas are found with three different sobriquets along with his name, ...

'' in Hindi (1934). His 1935 film ''Bhagya Chakra'' was the first Indian film to use

. The singers were

K C Dey Krishna Chandra Dey (24 August 1893 – 28 November 1962), better known as K.C. Dey, was an Indian music director, music composer, musician, singer, actor, and music teacher born in Calcutta (now Kolkata). He was S.D. Burman's first musical te ...

, Parul Ghosh and Suprabha Sarkar. The movie was remade in Hindi with the title ''Dhoop Chhaon'', which was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director

Raichand Boral Rai Chand Boral (19 October 1903 – 25 November 1981) was an Indian composer, considered by music connoisseurs to be the Bhishma Pitamah, the father of film music in India. He was awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest award in India ...

and Bose's brother Mukul Bose, who was the sound recordist in New Theatres, implemented the idea. During the making of ''Kashinath'' (1943), Bose had a misunderstanding with B N Sircar. After completion of the film, he did not go back to New Theatres, with which he was associated since it was established in 1931. Eventually, Bose moved to

and Sircar closed New Theatres. Bose's first movie under

banner was ''Naukadubi'' (1947), based on Tagore's novel of the same name. Hindi version of this film was named ''

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city ...

'', in which

Dilip Kumar Mohammed Yusuf Khan (; 11 December 1922 – 7 July 2021), better known by his stage name Dilip Kumar, was an Indian actor who worked in Hindi cinema. Credited with pioneering method acting in cinema, he dominated the Indian movie scene from ...

acted in the lead role. His next film ''

Drishtidan ''Drishtidan'' ( bn, দৃষ্টিদান, ''Donating Eyes '') (1948) is an Indian Bengali feature film directed by Nitin Bose. Uttam Kumar debuted in this film. Plot Kumudini (Sunanda Banerjee) is being blinded her husband yet her l ...

'' (1948) introduced

Uttam Kumar Uttam Kumar ( bn, উত্তম কুমার; born Arun Kumar Chattopadhyay; 3 September 1926 – 24 July 1980), popularly known as the Mahanayak, was an Indian actor, producer, director, script writer, composer, and singer who predom ...

, who later became superstar of Bengali Cinema. In the 1960s, Bose directed a number of movies under the banner of

. Ganga Jamuna (1961), directed by Bose, is still considered one of the all-time blockbusters of Indian Cinema.

Family

Bose was a son of Hemendra Mohan Bose, Bengali swadeshi entrepreneur and creator of the Kuntalin Puroshkar for literature.

was a nephew of Bose and worked under him in the movie ''Mashaal'' (1950), which was produced by Bombay Talkies. Among thirteen siblings of Bose, there was Rabindrasangeet singer (Malati Ghosal), one painter, sound recordist (Mukul Bose) and four cricketers (Kartik Bose et al.)Robinson, Andrew (1989) ''Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye''. University of California Press. pp. 12, 32. Bose's brother Mukul Bose was a pioneering and highly respected sound recordist who introduced many techniques in playback singing and voice dubbing.An article from BFJA site
He leaves behind his wife Santi Bose, daughters Rina and Neeta and 6 grandchildren and 8 great-grandchildren.

Awards

;

National Film Awards The National Film Awards is the most prominent film award ceremony in India. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorat ...

1961 Events January * January 3 ** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba (Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015). ** Aero Flight 311 (K ...

: Certificate of Merit for Second Best Feature Film – ''Ganga Jamna'' * Bose received

Dadasaheb Phalke Award The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is India's highest award in the field of cinema. It is presented annually at the National Film Awards ceremony by the Directorate of Film Festivals, an organisation set up by the Ministry of Information and Broad ...

in 1977. ;

Filmfare Awards The Filmfare Awards are annual awards that honour artistic and technical excellence in the Hindi-language film industry of India.Al The Filmfare ceremony is one of the most famous film events in India. The awards were first introduced by th ...

Nominated * Best Director – ''Ganga Jamna''

Filmography

Director

* Buker Bijha (1930) *

Daku Mansoor ''Daku Mansoor'' (Mansoor The Dacoit) also called ''Karishma-E-Kudrat'' is a 1934 Hindi/Urdu costume action drama film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was produced by New Theatres Ltd. Calcutta and the music director was R. C. Boral. The cast o ...

(1934) *

(1935) * Dhoop Chhaon (1935) (Hindi remake of Bhagya Chakra) * Didi (1937) *''

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

'' (1937) (Hindi remake of Didi; alternative title: Badi Bahen) * Jiban Maran (1938) * Desher Mati (1938) * Dharti Mata (1938) (Hindi remake of Desher Mati) * Dushman (1939) (Hindi remake of Jiban Maran) * Kapal Kundala (1939) * Parichay (1941) * Lagan (1941) (Hindi remake of Parichay) * Kashinath (1943) * Bichar (1943) (Hindi title: Paraya Dhan) * Mujrim (1944) * Mazdoor (1945) *

(1946) * ''

Noukadubi (1947 film) ''Noukadubi'' (Bengali: নৌকাডুবি, English: Boat wreck) is a Bengali drama film directed by Naresh Chandra Mitra based on a 1906 novel of the same name of Rabindranath Tagore. This film was released on 19 September 1947 under th ...

'' (Bengali remake of Milan) *

(1948) * Mashaal (1950) (Bengali title: Samar) * Deedar (1951) * Dard-e-Dil (1953) * Waris (1954) * Amar Saigal (1955) * Char Dost (1956) * Madhabir Janye (1957) * Kathputli (1957) * Jogajog (1958) *

Gunga Jumna ''Ganga Jamna'' (ISO 15919: ''Gaṅgā Jamunā''), also transliterated as ''Ganga Jamuna'' or ''Gunga Jumna'', is a 1961 Indian crime drama film, written and produced by Dilip Kumar, and directed by Nitin Bose, with dialogues written by Wajaha ...

(1961) (alternative title: Ganga Jamuna, English title: The Confluence) * Ummeed (1962) * Nartaki (1963) * Dooj Ka Chand (1964) * Hum Kahan Ja Rahe Hain (1966) *

Samaanta ''Samaanta'' is a 1972 Bollywood drama film directed by Nitin Bose. Cast * Ashoo *Dheeraj Kumar Dheeraj Kumar (born 1 October 1944) is an Indian actor, television producer and director. He started Creative Eye Limited, a television ...

(1972)

Documentary

* Belgian Emperor's Visit to India (1921)

Cinematographer

(1928) * Dena Paona (1931) *

(1932) *

Chirakumar Sabha ''Chirakumar Sabha'' (English: ''A Conference of Bachelors'') is a 1932 Indian Bengali drama film directed by Premankur Atorthy. The music of the film was composed by R. C. Boral who used Tagore's songs as lyrics. It was one of the first of Ra ...

(1932) * Chandidas (1932) *

Yahudi Ki Ladki ''Yahudi Ki Ladki'' (The Jew's Daughter) is a historical Urdu play by Agha Hashar Kashmiri, on the theme of persecution of Jews by the Romans. It was first published in 1913. The play became his best known work, and a classic in Parsi-Urdu theatr ...

(1933) *

Rajrani Meera ''Rajrani Meera'' (Rajrani Mira) is a 1933 Hindi devotional film. It was directed by Debaki Bose for New Theatres Ltd. Calcutta. The cinematographer was Nitin Bose with music composed by R. C. Boral. The film was a bilingual, made in Bengali a ...

(1933) *

Puran Bhagat Puran Bhagat (later became Sri Chauranginatha) was a Punjabi Nath Saint and prince of Sialkot. As per unauthenticated history, he had been exiled and lived the last days of his life in a village located in the suburbs of Sialkot city. His temple ...

(1933) * Meerabai (1933) *

(1934) *

(1935) * Dhoop Chhaon (1935) * Didi (1937) *

a.k.a. ''Badi Bahen'' (1937) * Jiban Maran (1938) * Desher Mati (1938) * Dharti Mata (1938) * Dushman (1938) * Parichay (1941)

Writer

* Dhoop Chhaon (1935) (screenplay) *

(1935) (writer) * Didi (1937) (writer) *

a.k.a. ''Badi Bahen'' (1937) (writer) * Jiban Maran (1938) (writer) * Desher Mati (1938) (screenplay) (story) * Dharti Mata (1938) (screenplay) (story) * Dushman (1939) (writer) * Parichay (1941) (writer) * Kashinath (1943) (dialogue) * Bichar (1943) (Hindi title: Paraya Dhan) (screenplay)

Camera and electrical department

Mohabbat Ke Ansu ''Mohabbat Ke Ansu'' () is a 1932 Indian Urdu-language social romantic film. It was directed by Premankur Atorthy for New Theatres Ltd. Calcutta. The music for the film was directed by R. C. Boral. The film starred K. L. Saigal in his debut ...

(1932) (camera operator) * Bichar (1943) (Hindi title: Paraya Dhan) (camera operator)

Miscellaneous crew

* Deedar (1951) (photographic treatment)

References

External links

*
IMDb page on ''Bhagya Chakra''

IMDb page on ''Dhoop Chhaon''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bose, Nitin 1897 births 1986 deaths Bengali film directors Bengali writers Screenwriters from Kolkata Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipients University of Calcutta alumni Hindi-language film directors Indian male screenwriters Hindi film cinematographers Bengali screenwriters 20th-century Indian film directors Cinematographers from West Bengal Film directors from Kolkata 20th-century Indian screenwriters 20th-century Indian male writers