Design
The EP-1 had to support two railway electrification system, electric systems and three current collector, collection methods. The New York Central Railroad's 660 V third rail direct current, DC extended from Grand Central to Woodlawn (Metro-North station), Woodlawn, where New Haven territory began. Westinghouse installed 11 kV overhead line alternating current, AC from Woodlawn to Stamford. Finally, the New York Central employed overhead lines over railroad switches in place of third rail electrification. To support these myriad methods, Westinghouse installed two sets of Pantograph (transport), pantographs, one for AC and one for DC collection, and a Current collector#contact shoe, contact shoe for third rail operation. Control devices within the locomotive prevented drawing power from multiple sources and enabled transition between them without stopping. The boxcab body was long and weighed . Beneath it, initially, were four axles in a pair of bogies, trucks (Bo-Bo, B-B arrangement). After oscillation problems the New Haven added an unpowered axle to each end (1-B-B-1), which resolved the issue. The EP-1 was capable of multiple working, and was the first electric locomotive to do so regularly.History
Westinghouse delivered the first prototype in 1905, followed by 34 production units in 1907–1908. One was loaned to the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1907 for testing on the West Jersey and Seashore Railroad; the locomotive tested well but the Pennsylvania adopted Pennsylvania Railroad class DD1, DC electrification for its New York Tunnel Extension. The New Haven ordered six more in 1908. The EP-1 designation, applied later, stood for "Electric Passenger." The EP-1s handled passenger trains between New York and Stamford, and later New Haven, Connecticut, when the New Haven extended electrification there. Retirements began in 1936 as equipment wore out and newer locomotives became available, but the last left service in 1947. The New Haven supplemented the EP-1 fleet with 27 New Haven EP-2, EP-2 boxcabs, built between 1919–1927 and 10 New Haven EP-3, EP-3 boxcabs in 1931. No New Haven EP-1s survive today.See also
* Multi-system (rail)Notes
References
* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:New Haven EP1 11 kV AC locomotives 600 V DC locomotives B-B locomotives 1-B-B-1 locomotives Bo-Bo locomotives Electric locomotives of the United States New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad locomotives, EP-1 Scrapped locomotives Standard gauge locomotives of the United States Westinghouse locomotives Multi-system locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1905 Passenger locomotives