Neve Tzedek
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Neve Tzedek ( he, נְוֵה צֶדֶק, נווה צדק, ''lit.'' Abode of Justice) is a neighborhood located in southwestern
Tel Aviv Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the G ...
,
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
. It was the first
Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
neighborhood to be built outside the old city of the ancient
port A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Ham ...
of
Jaffa Jaffa, in Hebrew Yafo ( he, יָפוֹ, ) and in Arabic Yafa ( ar, يَافَا) and also called Japho or Joppa, the southern and oldest part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, is an ancient port city in Israel. Jaffa is known for its association with the b ...
. Originally it was a
Sephardi Jewish Sephardic (or Sephardi) Jews (, ; lad, Djudíos Sefardíes), also ''Sepharadim'' , Modern Hebrew: ''Sfaradim'', Tiberian Hebrew, Tiberian: Səp̄āraddîm, also , ''Ye'hude Sepharad'', lit. "The Jews of Spain", es, Judíos sefardíes (or ), ...
neighbourhood. Since the 1990s, rundown properties have been restored and it is now a fashionable quarter of Tel Aviv.


Name

Literally, Neve Tzedek means Abode of Justice, but it is also one of the names for
God In monotheism, monotheistic thought, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator deity, creator, and principal object of Faith#Religious views, faith.Richard Swinburne, Swinburne, R.G. "God" in Ted Honderich, Honderich, Ted. (ed)''The Ox ...
().


History

Neve Tzedek was established by a group of
Sephardi Jewish Sephardic (or Sephardi) Jews (, ; lad, Djudíos Sefardíes), also ''Sepharadim'' , Modern Hebrew: ''Sfaradim'', Tiberian Hebrew, Tiberian: Səp̄āraddîm, also , ''Ye'hude Sepharad'', lit. "The Jews of Spain", es, Judíos sefardíes (or ), ...
families seeking to move outside of over-crowded
Jaffa Jaffa, in Hebrew Yafo ( he, יָפוֹ, ) and in Arabic Yafa ( ar, يَافَا) and also called Japho or Joppa, the southern and oldest part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, is an ancient port city in Israel. Jaffa is known for its association with the b ...
. Notably, the family of
Aharon Chelouche Aharon Chelouche ( he, אהרן שלוש / Arabic: هارون ثلاثة) (born 19 May 1840 in Oran, Algeria – 7 April 1920, British-occupied Palestine) was an Algerian Sephardic Jew, landowner, jeweler and moneychanger. During the end of the ...
moved to the area in 1883 with some 50 families following suit in the next few years. The neighbourhood was officially established in 1887. Additional neighborhoods grew up around Neve Tzedek, among them
Neve Shalom Neve Shalom ( he, נְוֵה שָׁלוֹם, ''lit.'' Oasis of Peace), also known as Wāħat as-Salām ( ar, واحة السلام) is a cooperative village in Israel, jointly founded by Israeli Jews and Arabs in an attempt to show that the two p ...
(1890), Yefe Nof (1897) and Batei Feingold (1904). The new quarter featured low-rise buildings along narrow streets. These homes frequently incorporated design elements from the Jugendstil/
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
and later
Bauhaus The Staatliches Bauhaus (), commonly known as the Bauhaus (), was a German art school operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and the fine arts.Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 4th edn., 200 ...
art movement An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a specific period of time, (usually a few months, years or decades) or, at least, with the heyday of the movement defin ...
s and some had contemporary luxuries such as private bathrooms. At the beginning of the 1900s, the neighborhood attracted upcoming artists and writers, among them future
Nobel prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate Shmuel Yosef (Shai) Agnon and the Jewish artist
Nachum Gutman Nachum Gutman (as he himself signed; alternate romanisation: Nahum Gutman; he, נחום גוטמן: October 5, 1898 – November 28, 1980) was a Moldovan-born Israeli painter, sculptor, and author. Biography Nachum Gutman was born in Tele ...
. Rabbi
Abraham Isaac Kook Abraham Isaac Kook (; 7 September 1865 – 1 September 1935), known as Rav Kook, and also known by the acronym HaRaAYaH (), was an Orthodox rabbi, and the first Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of British Mandatory Palestine. He is considered to be one ...
was the first
rabbi A rabbi () is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi – known as ''semikha'' – following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of ...
of Neve Tzedek and opened a
Yeshiva A yeshiva (; he, ישיבה, , sitting; pl. , or ) is a traditional Jewish educational institution focused on the study of Rabbinic literature, primarily the Talmud and halacha (Jewish law), while Torah and Jewish philosophy are s ...
there. During his time in Neve Tzedek he became close friends with many of the writers, especially Agnon. As Tel Aviv began to develop, many affluent residents moved northward. The buildings fell into disrepair due to neglect and the corrosive effects of the coastal climate. By the 1960s, the neighborhood suffered from serious
urban decay Urban decay (also known as urban rot, urban death or urban blight) is the sociological process by which a previously functioning city, or part of a city, falls into disrepair and decrepitude. There is no single process that leads to urban deca ...
. However, plans to demolish the neighbourhood to make way for high rise apartments fell through as many buildings were declared heritage sites worthy of preservation. By the end of the 1980s, work began to renovate and preserve Neve Tzedek's century-old structures. New establishments were housed in old buildings, most notably the
Suzanne Dellal Centre for Dance and Theatre The Suzanne Dellal Centre for Dance and Theatre ( he, מרכז סוזן דלל למחול ולתיאטרון) is a centre for dance in Israel, located in Neve Tzedek, Tel Aviv. Goals and significance The Suzanne Dellal Centre for Dance and The ...
and the
Nachum Gutman Museum Nachum Gutman (as he himself signed; alternate romanisation: Nahum Gutman; he, נחום גוטמן: October 5, 1898 – November 28, 1980) was a Moldovan-born Israeli painter, sculptor, and author. Biography Nachum Gutman was born in Tele ...
, located in the artist's home. This
gentrification Gentrification is the process of changing the character of a neighborhood through the influx of more Wealth, affluent residents and businesses. It is a common and controversial topic in urban politics and urban planning, planning. Gentrification ...
led to Neve Tzedek's rebirth as a fashionable and popular upmarket residence for Tel Avivians. Its main streets became lined once again with artists' studios, including the ceramics studio of Samy D., alongside trendy cafés and bars, and more recently boutique hotels and shops selling handmade goods.


Education

The ( he, בית הספר הצרפתי מארק שאגאל תל אביב), a French international school, is in Neve Tzedek.


Development plans

In 2009, the Tel Aviv municipality began to approve plans to construct a number of new highways and widened arterial roads throughout southern Tel Aviv, including the proposed railway road, which would partially encircle Neve Tzedek. As part of these plans, the municipality approved the construction of a large number of skyscrapers in and around Neve Tzedek. A number of parking lots would also be constructed along Rothschild Boulevard in order to handle the parking demand induced by the new road space. Opponents of this plan argued that the addition of new skyscraper-lined highways would dramatically alter the historical and social character of Neve Tzedek and its surrounding areas in southern Tel Aviv. Furthermore, residents and environmentalists were concerned about the effects of large amounts of traffic being funneled through the area. Opponents believe that the discussions have been conducted outside of the public view and with developers' interests being put before those of the community.


Notable residents

*
Roman Abramovich Roman Arkadyevich Abramovich (, ; he, רומן ארקדיביץ' אברמוביץ'; born 24 October 1966) is a Russian Russian oligarchs, oligarch and politician. He is the former owner of Chelsea F.C., Chelsea, a Premier League football club ...
(born 1966),
Chelsea FC Chelsea Football Club is an English professional football club based in Fulham, West London. Founded in 1905, they play their home games at Stamford Bridge. The club competes in the Premier League, the top division of English football. Th ...
owner, businessman, investor, and politician *
Shmuel Yosef Agnon Shmuel Yosef Agnon ( he, שמואל יוסף עגנון; July 17, 1888 – February 17, 1970) was one of the central figures of modern Hebrew literature. In Hebrew, he is known by the acronym Shai Agnon (). In English, his works are published und ...
(1888–1970), modern Hebrew writer, Nobel Prize laureate for literature *
Baruch Agadati Baruch Agadati ( he, ברוך אגדתי, also Baruch Kaushansky-Agadati; January 8, 1895 – January 18, 1976) was a Russian Empire-born Israeli classical ballet dancer, choreographer, painter, and film producer and director. Biography Baruch Kau ...
(1895–1976), classical ballet dancer,
choreographer Choreography is the art or practice of designing sequences of movements of physical bodies (or their depictions) in which motion or form or both are specified. ''Choreography'' may also refer to the design itself. A choreographer is one who cr ...
, painter, and film producer and director *
Yosef Haim Brenner Yosef Haim Brenner ( he, יוֹסֵף חַיִּים בְּרֶנֶר, translit=Yosef Ḥayyim Brener; 11 September 1881 – 2 May 1921) was a Hebrew-language author from the Russian Empire, and one of the pioneers of modern Hebrew literature. Bi ...
(1881–1921), pioneer of modern Hebrew literature *
Aharon Chelouche Aharon Chelouche ( he, אהרן שלוש / Arabic: هارون ثلاثة) (born 19 May 1840 in Oran, Algeria – 7 April 1920, British-occupied Palestine) was an Algerian Sephardic Jew, landowner, jeweler and moneychanger. During the end of the ...
(born 1827), Algerian Jewish businessman, co-founder of the neighborhood *
Yosef Eliyahu Chelouche Yosef Eliyahu Chelouche (, he, יוסף אליהו שלוש, 1870 – 23 July 1934) was one of the founders of Tel Aviv, an entrepreneur, businessman, and industrialist. Early life Yosef Eliyahu Chelouche was born in Jaffa, Ottoman Syria. His ...
(1870–1934), son of Aharon, one of the founders of Tel Aviv, entrepreneur, businessman and industrialist *
Gal Gadot Gal Gadot-Varsano ( he, גל גדות ; born 30 April 1985) is an Israeli actress and model. At age 18, she was crowned Miss Israel 2004. She then served in the Israel Defense Forces for two years as a combat fitness instructor, whereafter sh ...
(born 1985), actress and model *
Miriam Glazer-Ta'asa Miriam Glazer-Ta'asa ( he, מרים גלזר-תעסה, born 11 August 1929) is an Israeli former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Likud between 1981 and 1988, and as Deputy Minister of Education and Culture from 1981 until 198 ...
(born 1929), politician *
Nachum Gutman Nachum Gutman (as he himself signed; alternate romanisation: Nahum Gutman; he, נחום גוטמן: October 5, 1898 – November 28, 1980) was a Moldovan-born Israeli painter, sculptor, and author. Biography Nachum Gutman was born in Tele ...
(1898–1980), painter, sculptor, and children's books author *
Yoram Kaniuk Yoram ( or ) is a name derived from Jehoram (), meaning "Jehovah is exalted" in Biblical Hebrew, which was the name of several individuals in the Tanakh; the female version of this name is Athaliah. Notable people with the name include: *Yoram Ar ...
(1930–2013), writer, painter, journalist, and theater critic *
Sara Levi-Tanai Sara Levi-Tanai ( he, שרה לוי-תנאי; c. 1910 – 3 October 2005) was an Israeli choreographer and song writer. She was the founder and artistic director of the Inbal Dance Theater and recipient of the Israel Prize in dance. Prizes and ...
(1910–2005), choreographer and songwriter *
Israel Rokach Israel Rokach, Honorary CBE ( he, ישראל רוקח; December 31, 1896 – September 13, 1959) was an Israeli politician, Knesset member, and fourth mayor of Tel Aviv from November 15, 1936 until April 13, 1953. Biography Israel Rokach was bo ...
(1886–1959), politician, second mayor of Tel Aviv (1936–1953), son of Shimon Rokach, one of the founders of the neighborhood


See also

*
Neighborhoods of Tel Aviv This list of the neighborhoods of Tel Aviv, is arranged geographically from north to south, then from west to east. Northwest Residential * Azorei Hen (אזורי חן), ''Areas of Grace'' * Kokhav HaTzafon (כוכב הצפון), '' Northern Sta ...


References


External links


Neve Tzedek neighborhood association opposed to high-rise development

Neve Tzedek Virtual tour
{{Neighborhoods of Tel Aviv Neighborhoods of Tel Aviv Jews and Judaism in Ottoman Palestine 1886 establishments in the Ottoman Empire 1880s establishments in Ottoman Syria