Neumarkt () is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total l ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...

. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of

Nürnberger Land Nürnberger Land is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Forchheim, Bayreuth, Amberg-Sulzbach, Neumarkt, Roth and Erlangen-Höchstadt, and by the city of Nuremberg. ...

, Amberg-Sulzbach, Schwandorf,

Regensburg Regensburg or is a city in eastern Bavaria, at the confluence of the Danube, Naab and Regen rivers. It is capital of the Upper Palatinate subregion of the state in the south of Germany. With more than 150,000 inhabitants, Regensburg is the ...

Kelheim Kelheim () is a town and municipality in Bavaria, Germany. It is the capital of the district Kelheim and is situated at the confluence of the rivers Altmühl and Danube. Kelheim has a population of around 16,750 (2020). History Kelheim is ...

Eichstätt Eichstätt () is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese ...

and

Roth Roth may refer to: Places Germany * Roth (district), in Bavaria, Germany ** Roth, Bavaria, capital of that district ** Roth (electoral district), a federal electoral district * Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany: ** Roth an der Our, in the district ...

History

In early medieval times the region was ruled by the counts of Wolfstein, while the city of Neumarkt was directly subordinate to the

emperor An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife ( empress consort), mother ( ...

and hence independent from the Wolfstein family. In the 14th century the counts of Wolfstein, as well as the city of Neumarkt, became subordinate to the

Electorate of the Palatinate The Electoral Palatinate (german: Kurpfalz) or the Palatinate (), officially the Electorate of the Palatinate (), was a state that was part of the Holy Roman Empire. The electorate had its origins under the rulership of the Counts Palatine o ...

, and in 1628 to Bavaria. Below an outline of the history of Neumarkt from its founding in the 12th century to its destruction in World War II is provided. The town's development can be divided into 5 periods: The beginnings of Neumarkt: The "new market" is founded on an important long-distance trade route. Neumarkt falls under the rule of the Wittelsbach dynasty and is allotted to the Palatinate on the Rhine with the partitioning of the territory in 1329. Neumarkt as seat of the Palatinate Counts: In the 15th century, Neumarkt become the seat of collateral lines of the Palatinate Counts. Count Palatine Frederick II transferred his residence from Amberg to Neumarkt and had constructed a palace. The Reformation in Neumarkt: Neumarkt converts to the Lutheran faith. The introduction of Calvinism causes disturbance. The rise of industry in Neumarkt: Reflecting the general development in Bavaria, the transition of Neumarkt from a country town to an industrial center during the 19th century proceeds rather slowly and in small steps. The destruction of Neumarkt in World War II: On 23 February and 11 April 1945, Neumarkt is heavily bombed. The resistance of the SS results in the destruction of the town. The district in its present shape was established in 1972, when the city of Neumarkt lost its status as an

urban district Urban district may refer to: * District * Urban area * Quarter (urban subdivision) * Neighbourhood Specific subdivisions in some countries: * Urban districts of Denmark * Urban districts of Germany * Urban district (Great Britain and Ireland) (his ...

and was incorporated into the district.

Geography

The district is located in the mountains of the Franconian Jura. The southern parts are occupied by the

Altmühl Valley Nature Park The Altmühl Valley Nature Park (german: Naturpark Altmühltal) is a nature park, 2,962 km² in area, in the south German state of Bavaria. The area of the park is almost coextensive with that of the natural region major unit of the Southern ...

Nature reserves

* Deusmauer Moor * Albtrauf bei Pollanten * Weiße Laaber bei Waltersberg * Neumarkter Sanddünen * Tal der Weißen Laaber bei Deining * Vogelfreistätte Schwarzachwiesen bei Freystadt * Wolfsberg bei Dietfurt

Coat of arms

The coat of arms displays three lions.
The yellow lion was the heraldic animal of the

.
The red lions were the arms of the Wolfstein dynasty.

Towns and municipalities

References

External links

Official website
(German) {{DEFAULTSORT:Neumarkt (District) Districts of Bavaria