The U.S. National Geomagnetism Program is a program directed by the
USGS
The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an government agency, agency of the United States Department of the Interior, U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geograp ...
that monitors the
Earth's magnetic field
Earth's magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from structure of Earth, Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from ...
.
History
* 1840–1845 Magnetic
observatories
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.
Th ...
at
Harvard
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher lear ...
and
Girard College
* 1860 Coast Survey begins regular magnetic observations at Maine's
Fort Sullivan, Tift's Observatory in Florida and others
* 1882–1883 First
International Polar Year
* 1901–1956
United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
The United States Coast and Geodetic Survey ( USC&GS; known as the Survey of the Coast from 1807 to 1836, and as the United States Coast Survey from 1836 until 1878) was the first scientific agency of the Federal government of the United State ...
operates Cheltenham Magnetic Observatory in Maryland
* 1905–1918 USC&GS
''Explorer'' performs magnetic surveys
* 1909 ''Carnegie'' wooden survey ship built for
Carnegie Institution for Science
The Carnegie Institution for Science, also known as Carnegie Science and the Carnegie Institution of Washington, is an organization established to fund and perform scientific research in the United States. This institution is headquartered in W ...
begins seven cruises to measure the
Earth's magnetic field
Earth's magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from structure of Earth, Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from ...
* 1932–1933 Second
International Polar Year
* 1956 Fredericksburg Magnetic Observatory in Virginia replaces Cheltenham
* 1957–1958
International Geophysical Year
The International Geophysical Year (IGY; ), also referred to as the third International Polar Year, was an international scientific project that lasted from 1 July 1957 to 31 December 1958. It marked the end of a long period during the Cold War w ...
* 1961
Boulder Geomagnetic Observatory, Colorado
* 1973 NOAA/USC&GS geomagnetism program transferred to the USGS
* 1979–1980
Magsat satellite survey from orbit
* 1994 U.S. National
Space Weather
Space weather is a branch of space physics and aeronomy, or heliophysics, concerned with the varying conditions within the Solar System and its heliosphere. This includes the effects of the solar wind, especially on the Earth's magnetosphere, ion ...
Program (NSWP), an interagency collaboration
[Love, Jeffrey J. & Finn, Carol A. (2011]
The USGS Geomagnetism Program and Its Role in Space Weather Monitoring
AGU ''Space Weather'' Volume 9, Issue 7
See also
History of geomagnetism
References
External links
Official site
United States Geological Survey
Geomagnetism
{{Geophysics-stub