NKVD screening and filtration camps (russian: Проверочно-фильтрационные лагеря НКВД СССР), originally known as NKVD special-purpose camps / NKVD special camps (russian: лагеря специального назначения НКВД СССР, спецлагеря НКВД), were camps for the screening of the Soviet soldiers returned from enemy occupied territories, enemy imprisonment, or enemy encirclement. There was concern among Soviet leaders that citizens that had been outside the supervision of the government and security services may need screening to ensure their political loyalty. By the end of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

they handled screening of all people from the Soviet territories occupied by

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

.Шевченко, Владимир Вячеславович
"Деятельность лагерей специального назначения НКВД СССР в 1941 - 1946 годах"
Ph.D. thesis summary, 2010 The NKVD special-purpose camps were established by

NKVD The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. ...

Order No. 001735 of December 28, 1941, titled "О создании специальных лагерей для бывших военнослужащих Красной Армии, находившихся в плену и в окружении противника" ("On the establishment of special camps for former soldiers of the Red Army who were in captivity, or were surrounded by the enemy"). By NKVD Order No. 00100 of February 20, 1945, they were renamed to "проверочно-фильтрационные лагеря" ("verification and filtration camps"). Surviving POWs (about 1.5 million), repatriated '' Ostarbeiter'', and other displaced persons totaling more than 4,000,000 people were sent to special NKVD filtration camps (distinct from the

Gulag The Gulag, an acronym for , , "chief administration of the camps". The original name given to the system of camps controlled by the GPU was the Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps (, )., name=, group= was the government agency in ...

s). By 1946: * 80% civilians and 20% of PoWs were freed * 5% of civilians, and 43% of PoWs, were re-drafted * 10% of civilians and 22% of PoWs were sent to labor battalions * 2% of civilians, and 15% of the PoWs, (226,127 out of 1,539,475 total) were transferred to the NKVD (effectively, to the

).Земское В.Н. К вопросу о репатриации советских граждан. 1944–1951 годы // История СССР. 1990. № 4 (Zemskov V.N. On repatriation of Soviet citizens). Istoriya SSSR., 1990, No.4

References

{{reflist Soviet prisoners of war NKVD special camps Eastern Front (World War II)

See also

References