NASA Astronaut Group 16 ("The Sardines") was a group of 44 astronauts announced by NASA on May 1, 1996. The class was nicknamed "The Sardines" for being such a large class, humorously implying that their training sessions would be as tightly packed as sardines in a can. These 44 candidates compose the largest astronaut class to date. NASA selected so many candidates in preparation for the anticipated need for ISS crew members, along with regular shuttle needs. Nine of the 44 astronauts selected were from other countries including 5 from Europe and 2 from Canada and Japan. Three members of this group, William C. McCool, David M. Brown, and Laurel B. Clark, died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. These three received the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.

Pilots

*Duane G. Carey (1 flight) :STS-109 (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission; Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'''s last successful flight) *Stephen Frick (2 flights) :STS-110 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#S0 truss, S0 Truss Segment) :STS-122 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Columbus (ISS module), Columbus Laboratory) *Charles O. Hobaugh (3 flights) :STS-104 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Quest Joint Airlock) :STS-118 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P5, S5 trusses, S5 Truss Segment) :STS-129 *James M. Kelly (astronaut), James M. Kelly (2 flights) :Pilot, STS-102 (ISS resupply mission) :Pilot, STS-114 (the first "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) *Mark Kelly (astronaut), Mark E. Kelly (4 flights; fellow astronaut Scott Kelly (astronaut), Scott J. Kelly is his twin brother) :Pilot, STS-108 (ISS supply mission) :Pilot, STS-121 (ISS resupply mission; second "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) :Commander, STS-124 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Japanese Experiment Module) :Commander, STS-134 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 (AMS-02) and ExPRESS Logistics Carrier, ExPRESS Logistics Carrier-3(ELC-3)) *Scott Kelly (astronaut), Scott J. Kelly (4 flights; fellow astronaut Mark Kelly (astronaut), Mark E. Kelly is his twin brother) :Pilot, STS-103 (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission) :Commander, STS-118 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P5, S5 trusses, S5 Truss Segment) :Expedition 25/Expedition 26, 26 :Soyuz TMA-01M (launch and landing vehicle for Expedition 25/26) :Expedition 43/Expedition 44/Expedition 45/Expedition 46 :Soyuz TMA-16M/Soyuz TMA-18M (Launch and landing vehicles for Expedition 43-46) ISS year long mission *Paul Lockhart (2 flights) :STS-111 (ISS resupply mission) :STS-113 (launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P1, S1 trusses, P1 Truss Segment, last flight before the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) *Christopher Loria *William Cameron McCool, William C. McCool (1 flight; died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) :STS-107 (orbital science mission; last flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' – RCC panel damage resulted in disintegration of ''Columbia'') *Mark L. Polansky (3 flights) :STS-98 (ISS assembly mission – launched Destiny Laboratory Module, Destiny) :STS-116 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P5, S5 trusses, P5 Truss Segment) :STS-127

Mission specialists

*David McDowell Brown, David M. Brown (1 flight; died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) :STS-107 (orbital science mission; last flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' – RCC panel damage resulted in disintegration of ''Columbia'') *Daniel C. Burbank (3 flights) :STS-106 (ISS supply mission) :STS-115 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P3/P4, S3/S4 truss assemblies, P3/P4 Truss Assemblies) :Soyuz TMA-22 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 29/Expedition 30) :ISS Expedition 29/Expedition 30 (6 month mission to the ISS) *Yvonne Cagle, Yvonne D. Cagle (0 flights) ** , on the active list of NASA Management Astronauts (active astronauts no longer eligible for spaceflight assignments), assigned to NASA's Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California *Fernando Caldeiro, Fernando "Frank" Caldeiro *Charles Camarda, Charles J. Camarda (1 flight) :STS-114 (the first "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) *Laurel B. Clark (1 flight; died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) :STS-107 (orbital science mission; last flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' – RCC panel damage resulted in disintegration of ''Columbia'') *Michael Fincke, E. Michael Fincke (3 flights) :Soyuz TMA-4 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 9) :ISS Expedition 9 (6 month mission to the ISS) :Soyuz TMA-13(launch vehicle for Expedition 18) :Expedition 18 :Mission Specialist, STS-134 :Future flight, Boe-CFT *Patrick G. Forrester (3 flights), Chief of the Astronaut Office 2017–2020 :STS-105 (ISS resupply flight) :STS-117 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P3/P4, S3/S4 truss assemblies, S3/S4 Truss Assemblies) :STS-128 *John Herrington, John B. Herrington (1 flight) :STS-113 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P1, S1 trusses, P1 Truss Segment) *Joan Higginbotham, Joan E. Higginbotham (1 flight) :STS-116 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P5, S5 trusses, P5 Truss Segment) *Sandra Magnus, Sandra H. Magnus (3 flights) :STS-112 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P1, S1 trusses, S1 Truss Segment) :STS-126 :International Space Station, ISS Expedition 18 – Flight Engineer (3 month expedition) :STS-135 *Michael J. Massimino (2 flights) :STS-109 (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission; Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'''s last successful flight) :STS-125 (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission) *Richard Mastracchio, Richard A. Mastracchio (4 flights) :STS-106 (ISS supply mission) :STS-118 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P5, S5 trusses, S5 Truss Segment) :STS-131 :ISS Expedition 38/Expedition 39 (6 month mission to the ISS) :Soyuz TMA-11M (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 38/Expedition 39) *Lee Morin, Lee M. E. Morin (1 flight) :STS-110 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#S0 truss, S0 Truss Segment) *Lisa Nowak, Lisa M. Nowak (1 flight; dismissed from the Astronaut Corps and reassigned to the United States Navy, U.S. Navy) :STS-121 (ISS resupply mission; second Return to Flight mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) ::Lisa Nowak was arrested on February 5, 2007, after confronting a woman entangled in a love triangle with a fellow astronaut. She was fired by NASA on March 7, and she became the first astronaut to be both grounded and dismissed (prior astronauts who were grounded due to non-medical issues usually resigned or retired). *Donald Pettit, Donald R. Pettit (3 flights) :STS-113 (the launch vehicle of Expedition 6) :ISS Expedition 6 (5½ month mission to the ISS) :Soyuz TMA-1 (the landing vehicle of Expedition 6) :STS-126 (ISS resupply mission ULF2) *John L. Phillips (3 flights) :STS-100 (ISS assembly mission – launched Canadarm2) :ISS Expedition 11 (6 month mission to the ISS) :Soyuz TMA-6 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 11) :STS-119 *Paul W. Richards (1 flight) :STS-102 (ISS resupply mission) *Piers Sellers, Piers J. Sellers (3 flights) :STS-112 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P1, S1 trusses, S1 Truss Segment) :STS-121 (ISS resupply mission; Second "Return to Flight" Mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) :STS-132 *Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper (2 flights) :STS-115 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P3/P4, S3/S4 truss assemblies, P3/P4 Truss Assemblies) :STS-126 (ISS resupply mission ULF2) *Daniel M. Tani (2 flights) :STS-108 (ISS supply mission) :STS-120 (the mission launched him to the ISS) :ISS Expedition 16 (served as a Flight Engineer) :STS-122 (the mission returned him to earth) *Rex J. Walheim (3 flights) :STS-110 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#S0 truss, S0 Truss Segment) :STS-122 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Columbus (ISS module), Columbus Laboratory) :STS-135 *Peggy Whitson, Peggy A. Whitson (3 flights) :STS-111 (the launch vehicle of Expedition 5) :ISS Expedition 5 (6 month mission to the ISS) :STS-113 (the landing vehicle of Expedition 5) :Soyuz TMA-11 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 16) :ISS Expedition 16 (6 month mission to the ISS) :Soyuz MS-03/Soyuz MS-04, MS-04, ISS Expedition 50/Expedition 51, 51/Expedition 52, 52 *Jeffrey Williams (astronaut), Jeffrey N. Williams (4 flights) :STS-101 (ISS supply mission) :Soyuz TMA-8 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 13) :ISS Expedition 13 (6 month mission to the ISS) :Soyuz TMA-16, ISS Expedition 21]/Expedition 22, 22 :Soyuz TMA-20M, ISS Expedition 47/Expedition 48, 48 *Stephanie Wilson, Stephanie D. Wilson (3 flights) :STS-121 (ISS resupply mission; second Return to Flight mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) :STS-120 (ISS assembly mission – launched Harmony (ISS module), Harmony (Node 2)) :STS-131

International mission specialists

*Pedro Duque (Spain; 2 flights) :STS-95 (orbital science mission) :Soyuz TMA-3 (flew as a Flight Engineer for the Soyuz TMA) :Soyuz TMA-2 (flew as a Flight Engineer for the Soyuz TMA) *Christer Fuglesang (Sweden; 2 flights) :STS-116 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P5, S5 trusses, P5 Truss Segment) :STS-128 *Umberto Guidoni (Italy; 2 flights) :STS-75 (orbital science mission) – flight performed before being selected as Mission Specialist :STS-100 (ISS assembly mission – launched Canadarm2) *Steven MacLean (astronaut), Steven G. MacLean (Canada; 2 flights) :STS-52 (deployed the LAGEOS-II Satellite) – flight performed before being selected as Mission Specialist :STS-115 (ISS assembly mission – launched the Integrated Truss Structure#P3/P4, S3/S4 truss assemblies, P3/P4 Truss Assemblies) *Mamoru Mohri (Japan; 2 flights) :STS-47 (orbital science mission) – flight performed before being selected as Mission Specialist :STS-99 (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) *Soichi Noguchi (Japan; 3 flights) :STS-114 (the first "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster) :Soyuz TMA-17 (ISS Expedition 22) :SpaceX Crew 1 (First official SpaceX crew mission to ISS) *Julie Payette (Canada; 2 flights) on 2 October 2017, became the 29th Governor General of Canada. :STS-96 (ISS supply mission) :STS-127 (ISS supply mission) *Philippe Perrin (France; 1 flight) :STS-111 (ISS resupply mission) *Gerhard Thiele (Germany; 1 flight) :STS-99 (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission)

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nasa Astronaut Group 16 NASA Astronaut Corps Lists of astronauts