Murray Melvin

Murray Melvin (born 10 August 1932) is an English actor. He is best known for his acting work with Joan Littlewood, Ken Russell and Stanley Kubrick. He is the author of two books: ''The Art of Theatre Workshop'' (2006) and ''The Theatre Royal, A History of the Building'' (2009).

Early years

Melvin was born on 10 August 1932 in St. Pancras, London, the son of Hugh Victor Melvin and Maisie Winifred, née Driscoll. Melvin left his north London secondary school at the age of fourteen unable to master fractions but as head prefect, a qualification he says he gained by always having clean fingernails and well-combed hair. He started work as an office boy for a firm of travel agents off Oxford Street.

To help channel the energies of the young after the disturbing times of the war, his parents had helped to found a youth club in Hampstead, financed by the Co-operative Society of which they were longstanding members. A drama section formed with Melvin its most enthusiastic participant.

A short-lived job followed as an import and export clerk in a shipping office, during which he inadvertently exported quantities of goods to destinations that had not ordered them. This was followed by two unhappy years of National Service in the Royal Air Force (his father had served in the RAF during the Second World War).

He was employed as clerk and secretary to the director of the Royal Air Force sports board at the Air Ministry, then based at Adastral House in Kingsway. Knowing nothing about sport, he considered his clean fingernails, well combed hair and his father's service had done the trick.

At the Theatre Workshop

Melvin attended evening classes at the nearby City Literary Institute and studied drama, mime and classical Ballet. During an extended lunch break from the Ministry, he applied to Joan Littlewood's Theatre Workshop company at the Theatre Royal Stratford East and auditioned on stage singing and dancing for Littlewood and Gerry Raffles. On being asked to create a character he knew from life, he impersonated a rather rotund director of the sports board. Having ascertained that he had to return that afternoon to work for this character, Littlewood said to Gerry Raffles: "the poor little bugger, we must get him away from there" – which they did.

In October 1957, he became an assistant stage manager, theatre painter and general dogsbody to John Bury, the set designer, and he was cast in his first professional role as the Queen's Messenger in the then in rehearsal production of '' Macbeth''. From the Scottish Court to a building site, his next performance was as a bricklayer in ''You Won't Always Be On Top'', soon followed by a peasant in ''And the Wind Blew'', Bellie in Pirandello's ''Man Beast and Virtue'', Calisto in De Rojas's '' Celestina''; Young Jodi Maynard in Paul Green's ''Unto Such Glory'' (all 1957) and then came the last play of the 1957–58 season which was to be the start of an extraordinary year in the history of Theatre Workshop and Melvin's career. He was cast as Geoffrey in Shelagh Delaney's play, '' A Taste of Honey''.

After the summer break in 1958, he played the title role in the seminal production of Brendan Behan's '' The Hostage''. Both scripts had been transformed in rehearsals by Joan Littlewood's painstaking and inspired methods of getting to the truth of the text and building a lively poetic and dangerous theatrical event. Though both plays were to blow a refreshing wind through the British theatre, neither play transferred to the West End immediately, so Melvin stayed on to play Scrooge's nephew in Joan Littlewood's adaptation of ''A Christmas Carol'' (1958).

In February 1959, '' A Taste of Honey'' opened at the Wyndham's Theatre and transferred to the Criterion some six months later. It was the hit of the season. Melvin reprised the role of Geoffrey in the 1961 film version directed by Tony Richardson (1961). He won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor in 1962 and was also nominated for the BAFTA "Most Promising Newcomer" award.

In April 1960, William Saroyan, on a world tour, stopped off in London where he wrote and directed a play for Theatre Workshop in which he cast Melvin as the leading character called ''Sam, the Highest Jumper of Them All''. Then the troupe paid their annual visit to the Sarah Bernhardt Theatre for the Paris World Theatre Season with Ben Jonson's ''Every Man in his Humour'' in which he played Brainworm. Rehearsals then started for Stephen Lewis's '' Sparrows Can't Sing'' in which Melvin played the role of Knocker Jugg. The following year he transferred to the role Georgie Brimsdown for the film adaptation of the play. The film was directed by Littlewood.

After a break of nearly two years, the company came together to create the musical, '' Oh, What a Lovely War!'' After its initial run at Stratford it went to the Paris Festival and won it. The company returned to the Wyndham's Theatre where the play won the Best Musical category in the ''Evening Standard'' Theatre Awards. Between the end of its London run and the opening at the Broadhurst Theatre in New York, the company visited the Edinburgh Festival with Shakespeare's ''Henry IV'', Parts 1 and 2, in which Melvin metamorphosed as Gadshill, Shallow, Vernon and the Earl of March. The production of ''Oh, What a Lovely War!'' in New York in 1964 was his last for Joan Littlewood and the Theatre Workshop Company.

The production attracted the interest of filmmakers, including Ken Russell and Lewis Gilbert. Melvin became a member of what has often been called the Ken Russell Repertory Company, appearing in many of Russell's films, including '' The Devils'' and '' The Boy Friend''. Lewis Gilbert cast Melvin in '' H.M.S. Defiant'' (1962), alongside Dirk Bogarde, and in ''Alfie'' (1966), where he played Michael Caine's work friend, stealing petrol and taking photographs to sell to tourists.

The Ken Russell connection

Melvin appeared in Russell's BBC television version of '' Diary of a Nobody'', which was filmed at the Ealing Studios on a specially built 'silent film' set. Alongside Melvin, who played the errant son, Lupin, were other actors from Littlewood's Theatre Workshop, including Bryan Pringle and Brian Murphy, who also became Russell regulars. Lupin's girlfriend in the film is played by Vivian Pickles, whose performance at the Royal Court Theatre in John Osborne's ''Plays for England'' had attracted national attention.

Melvin was seen in a cameo in the final scenes of '' Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World'' (1966), Ken Russell's film of Isadora Duncan, which starred Vivian Pickles as the title character. Melvin's best known film role for Russell was as Father Mignon in '' The Devils'' (1971), the character who is the catalyst to the true-life horrors documented in the film.

After the film, Melvin directed two works by ''The Devils'' composer, Peter Maxwell Davies: the theatre piece ''Miss Donnithorne's Maggot'' and the opera '' The Martyrdom of St Magnus''. Further work with Davies followed. He was the speaker in a production of Davies's '' Missa super l'homme armé'' and he played the Virgin in the premiere production of Davies's ''Notre Dame des Fleurs''.

In Russell's '' The Boy Friend'' (1971), Melvin and another Theatre Workshop ''alumnus'', Brian Murphy, are among the company players trying to catch the eye of a Hollywood producer who watches their provincial performance of Sandy Wilson's ''The Boy Friend''. In the film, Melvin has a spectacular solo dance number in a caped French officer's outfit. He again had a cameo as Hector Berlioz in Ken Russell's ''Lisztomania'' (1975), as a test-run to a film about Berlioz which Russell was preparing.

He appeared in Russell's film about the poet, Samuel Coleridge, '' The Rime of the Ancient Mariner'' (1978). Returning with the French theme, Melvin played an enthusiastic French lawyer in '' Prisoner of Honour'' (1991), Ken Russell's film about the French Dreyfus Affair.

He remained a lifelong friend of Ken Russell, and was often seen with Russell at festival screening of the director's films. At the Barbican screening of the director's cut of ''The Devils'', 1 May 2011, Melvin and Ken Russell arrived together, with Melvin pushing Russell's wheelchair.

Other film performances

Melvin had an important role as Reverend Samuel Runt in Stanley Kubrick's '' Barry Lyndon'' (1975). In the video project "Stanley and Us", he talks about Kubrick's "57 takes (plus 20)".

He was reunited with his co-stars from the film version of ''A Taste of Honey'', Rita Tushingham and Paul Danquah, in the swinging sixties comedy ''Smashing Time'' (1967), in which he and Danquah had cameo roles.

He co starred with Russell regular Oliver Reed in Richard Fleischer's film of ''The Prince and the Pauper'', '' Crossed Swords'' (1977), and in Alberto Lattuada's four part television film ''Christopher Columbus'' (1985).

Peter Medak cast Melvin in five films: ''A Day in the Death of Joe Egg'' (1972), starring Alan Bates; '' Ghost in the Noonday Sun'' (1973, starring Peter Sellers); '' The Krays'' (1990); '' Let Him Have It'' (1991); and as Dr. Chilip in ''David Copperfield'' (2000).

He has featured in two films by Christine Edzard

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