Muhammad I (822–886) () was the ''Umayyad''
emir of Córdoba
Emir (; ar, أمير ' ), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or cerem ...
from 852 to 886 in the
Al-Andalus
Al-Andalus translit. ; an, al-Andalus; ast, al-Ándalus; eu, al-Andalus; ber, ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ, label= Berber, translit=Andalus; ca, al-Àndalus; gl, al-Andalus; oc, Al Andalús; pt, al-Ândalus; es, al-Ándalus () was the M ...
(
Moorish Iberia
The Iberian Peninsula (),
**
* Aragonese and Occitan: ''Peninsula Iberica''
**
**
* french: Péninsule Ibérique
* mwl, Península Eibérica
* eu, Iberiar penintsula also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in southwestern Europe, defi ...
).
Biography
Muhammad was born in
Córdoba. His reign was marked by several revolts and separatist movements of the
Muwallad (Muslims of ethnic Iberian origin) and
Mozarabs (Christians living in the Muslim controlled areas).
The
Banu Qasi Muwallad family, led by
Musa ibn Musa, allied with the Arista family of the
Kingdom of Navarre, and rebelled, proclaiming himself "third king of Spain" (after Muhammad and
Ordoño I of Asturias). The rebel Umayyad officer
Ibn Marwan returned to
Mérida and also rebelled against the emir who, unable to quash the revolt, allowed him to found a free city (
Badajoz
Badajoz (; formerly written ''Badajos'' in English) is the capital of the Province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. It is situated close to the Portuguese border, on the left bank of the river Guadiana. The populatio ...
, in what is now the Spanish region of
Extremadura
Extremadura (; ext, Estremaúra; pt, Estremadura; Fala: ''Extremaúra'') is an autonomous community of Spain. Its capital city is Mérida, and its largest city is Badajoz. Located in the central-western part of the Iberian Peninsula, it ...
) in 875. Finally,
Toledo rebelled with the support of Ordoño I, but was defeated in the battle of Guazalete.
He engaged in diplomacy with
Charles the Bald
Charles the Bald (french: Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 – 6 October 877), also known as Charles II, was a 9th-century king of West Francia (843–877), king of Italy (875–877) and emperor of the Carolingian Empire (875–877). After a ...
, the
Carolingian king of the
West Franks, sending him camels in 865.
In 880
Umar ibn Hafsun
Umar ibn Hafsun ibn Ja'far ibn Salim ( ar, عمر بن حَفْصُون بن جَعْفَ بن سالم) (c. 850 – 917), known in Spanish history as Omar ben Hafsun, was a 9th-century political and military leader ...
, a man of probable Visigothic or African origin, also started a revolt which was only suppressed in 928, under
Abd ar-Rahman III ibn Muhammad.
Muhammad I died in 886, being succeeded by his son
al-Mundhir ibn Muhammad I.
Sources
*
*
823 births
886 deaths
Emirs of Córdoba
9th-century rulers in Europe
People from Córdoba, Spain
{{Al-Andalus-royal-stub
9th-century Arabs
City founders