The or METI, is a ministry of the

Government of Japan The Government of Japan consists of legislative, executive and judiciary branches and is based on popular sovereignty. The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan, adopted in 1947. It is a unitary stat ...

. It was created by the 2001 Central Government Reform when the

Ministry of International Trade and Industry The was a ministry of the Government of Japan from 1949 to 2001. The MITI was one of the most powerful government agencies in Japan and, at the height of its influence, effectively ran much of Japanese industrial policy, funding research and d ...

(MITI) merged with agencies from other ministries related to economic activities, such as the

Economic Planning Agency An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with th ...

. METI has jurisdiction over a broad policy area, containing Japan's industrial/trade policies,

energy security Energy security is the association between national security and the availability of natural resources for energy consumption. Access to (relatively) cheap energy has become essential to the functioning of modern economies. However, the uneven d ...

, control of arms exports, "

Cool Japan refers to the aspects of Japanese culture that non-Japanese people perceive as "cool". The Cool Japan strategy is part of Japan's overall brand strategy, aiming to disseminate Japan's attractiveness and allure to the world. The target of Cool Ja ...

", etc. The Ministry has its headquarters in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda Ward,

Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, ...

. Its current head is

Yasutoshi Nishimura is a Japanese politician who has served as the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry since August 2022. Nishimura previously served as Minister of State for Economic and Fiscal Policy from 2019 to 2021. A member of the Liberal Democratic Party ...

, who was appointed minister by

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister i ...

Fumio Kishida in August 2022.

Overview

The mission stipulated in Article 3 of the Act for the Establishment of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Act No. 99 of 1999) is to "enhance the economic vitality of the private sector and develop economic and

industrial development Industrialisation ( alternatively spelled industrialization) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive re-organisation of an econom ...

centered on the smooth development of foreign economic relations, as well as the stable and efficient development of

mineral In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid chemical compound with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.John P. Rafferty, ed. (2 ...

and energy resources." In order to achieve the goal of ensuring supply, it has jurisdiction over macroeconomic policies, industrial policies, trade policies, trade control operations,

industrial technology Industrial technology is the use of engineering and manufacturing technology to make production faster, simpler, and more efficient. The industrial technology field employs creative and technically proficient individuals who can help a company ac ...

policies, distribution policies, and energy policies. Some middle-ranking bureaucrats selected from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry are based in the Japan External Trade Organization in foreign countries and are engaged in various research work as industrial investigators.

History

From 25 May 1949 to 5 January 2001 The Ministry's predecessor, the

, was in operation from 25 May 1949 to 5 January 2001. However, due to the reorganisation of central government ministries and agencies on 6 January 2001, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry was established by reorganising and renaming the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. . In the past, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry was regarded as the driving force behind high economic growth as the "Economic General Staff Headquarters", the general control centre of the

Japanese economy The economy of Japan is a highly developed social market economy, often referred to as an East Asian model. It is the third-largest in the world by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). It is the world's seco ...

or Japan Inc. It made full use of the licences and administrative guidance that it possessed, and was mainly in charge of industrial policy, using allocated loans (FILP) from government-affiliated

financial institution Financial institutions, sometimes called banking institutions, are business entities that provide services as intermediaries for different types of financial monetary transactions. Broadly speaking, there are three major types of financial inst ...

s, budget allowances, and

subsidies A subsidy or government incentive is a form of financial aid or support extended to an economic sector (business, or individual) generally with the aim of promoting economic and social policy. Although commonly extended from the government, the ter ...

as sources of power. In addition, it held a wide range of authority in areas such as science and technology research and development,

trade Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct excha ...

patent A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A ...

s, energy policy, and small and medium enterprise policy according to technological innovation. It was also involved in

monetary policy Monetary policy is the policy adopted by the monetary authority of a nation to control either the interest rate payable for very short-term borrowing (borrowing by banks from each other to meet their short-term needs) or the money supply, often a ...

. However, after Japan's period of high economic growth ended, one-off policy ideas were inevitably created because, despite having a wide range of authority, they were unable to administer licensing and subsidies compared to other ministries and agencies such as "operational government agencies." became the main one Ad balloons for various new policies are launched around May and June every year For this reason, while the Ministry of Finance is still a ``general government agency'' that is widely involved in decision-making through fiscal policy, budget assessments, and taxation, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry is a ``administrative department store'' that has jurisdiction over most industries. Described as a “limited general government office”

Structure

METI is organized into the following bureaus, offices, departments and 3 agencies ( Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, Small and Medium Enterprise Agency, Japan Patent Office): * Economic and Industrial Policy Bureau ** Economic and Industrial Policy Division ** Macro Economic Affairs Division ** Industrial Structure Policy Division ** Industrial Organization Division ** Industrial Revitalization Division ** Industrial Finance Division ** Corporate Affairs Division ** Research and Statistics Department ** Regional Economic and Industrial Policy Division ** Business Environment Promotion Division ** Industrial Facilities Division ** Regional Technology Division * Trade Policy Bureau ** Multilateral Trade System Department ** Trade Policy Division ** Research and Analysis Division ** Economic Partnership Division ** Americas Division ** Europe, Middle East, and Africa Division ** Asia and Pacific Division ** Northeast Asia Division * Trade and Economic Cooperation Bureau ** Trade Control Department *** Trade Control Policy Division *** Trade Licensing Division *** Security Export Control Policy Division *** Security Export Licensing Division ** Trade and Investment Facilitation Division ** Trade Financial and Economic Cooperation Division ** Financial Cooperation Division ** Technical Cooperation Division ** Trade Insurance Division * Industrial Science and Technology Policy and Environment Bureau ** Industrial Science and Technology Policy Division ** Technology Evolution and Research Division ** Academia-Industry Cooperation Promotion Division ** Technology Promotion Division ** Research and Development Division ** Technical Regulations, Standards, and Conformity Assessment Policy Division ** Measurement and Intellectual Infrastructure Division ** Environmental Policy Division ** Recycling Promotion Division * Manufacturing Industries Bureau ** Infrastructure and Advanced Systems Promotion Office ** Creative Industries Promotion Office ("Cool Japan Office") ** Water Industry and Infrastructure Systems Promotion Office ** Monodzukuri Policy Planning Office ** Office for Intellectual Property Right Infringement and International Trade ** Iron and Steel Division ** Iron and Steel Technology Office ** Nonferrous Metals Division ** Chemical Management Policy Division ** Chemical Safety Office ** Chemical Weapon and Drug Materials Control Policy Office ** Fluoride Gases Management Office ** Chemical Risk Assessment Office ** Chemicals Division ** Fine Chemicals Office ** Alcohol Office ** Bio-Industry Division ** Bio-Business Promotion Office ** Housing Industry, Ceramics and Construction Materials Division ** Fine Ceramics, Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials Policy Planning Office ** Industrial Machinery Division ** Robot Industry Office ** International Projects Promotion Office ** Machine Parts and Tooling Industries Office ** Automobile Division ** Electric Vehicle and Advanced Technology Office ** ITS Promotion Office ** Automobile Recycling Policy Office ** Aerospace and Defense Industry Division ** Space Industry Office ** Vehicle Division ** Textile and Clothing Division ** Fashion Policy Office ** International Textile and Clothing Trade Office ** Paper Industry, Consumer and Recreational Goods Division ** Consumer Goods Office ** Traditional Craft Industry Office ** Design Policy Office * Commerce and Information Policy Bureau ** Information Policy Division *** IT Project Office *** Information and International Policy Office *** Office for IT Security Policy ** Information and Communication Electronics Division *** Device Industry Strategy Office *** Environmental Affairs and Recycling Office *** Digital Consumer Electronics Strategy Office ** Information Service Industry Division *** Local Informatization and Human Resource Development Office ** Service Affairs Policy Division *** Service Industries Office ** Healthcare Industries Division *** Medical and Assistive Device Industries Office ** Creative Industries Division *** Fashion Policy Office *** Cool Japan Promotion Office *** Design Policy Office *** Consumer Goods Office *** Traditional Craft Industry Office ** Media and Content Industry Division * Agency for Natural Resources and Energy * Small and Medium Enterprise Agency * Japan Patent Office * Minister's Secretariat * Regional Bureaus & Industrial Safety and Inspection Department * Incorporated Administrative Agencies

List of ministers

Controversial circumstance

In July 2019, when the diplomatic relations were distorted due to differences in the views of the South Korean government on the issue of recruitment workers and comfort women, restrictions were taken on the export of

semiconductor A semiconductor is a material which has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor, such as copper, and an insulator, such as glass. Its resistivity falls as its temperature rises; metals behave in the opposite way. ...

components without any consultation with

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eas ...

Footnotes

External links

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
* * (in Japanese) {{DEFAULTSORT:Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry 2001 establishments in Japan Ministries established in 2001 Economy of Japan Economy, Trade and Industry Anti-dumping authorities Trade policy of Japan Japan Japan Japan Industry in Japan