Max Hirsch (30 December 1832
Halberstadt
Halberstadt ( Eastphalian: ''Halverstidde'') is a town in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt, the capital of Harz district. Located north of the Harz mountain range, it is known for its old town center that was greatly destroyed by Allied bomb ...
– 26 June 1905
Bad Homburg vor der Höhe
Bad Homburg vor der Höhe () is the district town of the Hochtaunuskreis, Hesse, on the southern slope of the Taunus mountains. Bad Homburg is part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. The town's official name is ''Bad Homburg v.d.Höhe'', w ...
) was a German
political economist
Political economy is the study of how economic systems (e.g. markets and national economies) and political systems (e.g. law, institutions, government) are linked. Widely studied phenomena within the discipline are systems such as labour m ...
and
politician
A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking ...
.
Biography
He studied
political economy
Political economy is the study of how economic systems (e.g. markets and national economies) and political systems (e.g. law, institutions, government) are linked. Widely studied phenomena within the discipline are systems such as labour ...
and
jurisprudence
Jurisprudence, or legal theory, is the theoretical study of the propriety of law. Scholars of jurisprudence seek to explain the nature of law in its most general form and they also seek to achieve a deeper understanding of legal reasoning a ...
at the universities of
Tübingen
Tübingen (, , Swabian: ''Dibenga'') is a traditional university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer rivers. about one in three ...
,
Heidelberg
Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...
, and
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...
, and then traveled through
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
and
North Africa
North Africa, or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in ...
. As the result of his observations during these travels, he published: ''Skizze der volkswirtschaftlichen Zustände in Algerien'' (Sketch of socioeconomic conditions in
Algeria
)
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, relig ...
, 1857), and ''Reise in das Innere von Algerien, durch die Kabylie und Sahara'' (A trip through the interior of Algeria, and through the Kabylie and Sahara, 1862). After a later journey through
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...
and
Scotland
Scotland (, ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a Anglo-Scottish border, border with England to the southeast ...
he returned home to organize
trade union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits ...
s among his countrymen. These soon spread all over Germany and, through them and their publication, ''Der Gewerkverein'', he wielded great influence. He was several times a member of the
Reichstag and was the leading spirit in a number of societies for the benefit of the laboring classes. His publications include: ''Was bezwecken die Gewerkvereine?'' (What are the aims of the labor unions?, 15th ed. 1891) and ''Das Invaliditäts- und Altersversicherungsgesetz'' (The law for invalids and the elderly, 3d ed. 1890).
Selected works
* ''Skizze der volkswirthschaftlichen Zustände von Algerien. Mit Rücksicht auf die deutsche Auswanderung''. Georg H. Wigand, Göttingen 1857
Digitalisat* ''Reise in das Innere von Algerien durch die Kabylie und Sahara''. Grote, Hamm 1862
Digitalisat* ''Die gegenseitigen Hülfskassen und die Gesetzgebung. Mit dem Gutachten über die Gesetzentwürfe des Reichskanzleramtes und den formulirten Gesetzentwürfen des Verfassers''. Franz Dunker, Berlin 1875.
* ''Was bezwecken die Gewerkvereine? Ein Mahn- und Merkwort für alle deutschen Handwerker und Arbeiter''. Selbstverlag des Verbandes der Deutschen Gewerkvereine, Berlin 1880
Digitalisat Staatsbibliothek Berlin (15. Auflage 1891)* ''Die deutschen Gewerkvereine und ihr neuester Gegner. Zur Abwehr gegen die Angriffe des Herrn Prof.
L. Brentano und zur Aufklärung über die Geschichte und Leistungen der Gewerkvereine''. E. Staude, Berlin 1879.
* ''Die hauptsächlichen Streitfragen der Arbeiterbewegung''. Steinitz & Fischer, Berlin 1886.
* ''Arbeiterschutz insbesondere Maximalarbeitstag vom Standpunkte der Deutschen Gewerkvereine''. Walther & Apolant, Berlin 1890
Digitalisat FES* ''Die Arbeiterschutz-Gesetzgebung''. Leopold Freund, Breslau 1891
* ''Die Arbeiter-Bewegung und Organisation in Deutschland''. Volks-Zeitung Verlag, Berlin 1892.
* ''Leitfaden mit Muster-Statuten für freie Hülfskassen''. J. Heine Verlag, Berlin 1892
Humboldt Universität Berlin Digitalisat* ''Die Arbeiterfrage und die Deutschen Gewerkvereine. Festschrift zum 25-jährigen Jubiläum der Deutscher Gewerkvereine (Hirsch-Duncker).'' C. L. Hirschfeld, Leipzig 1893
* ''Die Entwicklung der Arbeiterberufsvereine in Grossbritannien und Deutschland''. Hermann Bahr, Berlin 189
Digitalisat Internet Archive* ''Thätigkeit und Entwicklung der Deutschen Gewerkvereine (Hirsch-Duncker) und ihres Verbandes. Bericht insbesondere für die Jahre 1898 bis 1901 erstattet auf dem 14. Verbandstage zu Köln a.Rh. am 27. Mai 1901''. Berlin 1901.
* ''Volkshochschulen. Ihre Ziele, Organisation, Entwicklung, Propaganda.'' G. Reimer, Berlin 1901.
* ''Der gesetzliche Arbeiterschutz im Deutschen Reiche. Zusammengefügt und kurz erläuter''t. Verband der Deutschen Gewerkvereine, Berlin 1903.
Notes
References
*
1832 births
1905 deaths
People from Halberstadt
People from the Province of Saxony
Jewish German politicians
German Progress Party politicians
German Free-minded Party politicians
Members of the 3rd Reichstag of the German Empire
Members of the 5th Reichstag of the German Empire
Members of the 8th Reichstag of the German Empire
German economists
German Peace Society members
German activists
University of Tübingen alumni
Heidelberg University alumni
Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
{{Germany-activist-stub