Mark L. Wheelis is an American
microbiologist. Wheelis is currently a professor in the College of Biological Sciences,
University of California, Davis
The University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD, or Davis) is a public land-grant research university near Davis, California. Named a Public Ivy, it is the northernmost of the ten campuses of the University of California system. The inst ...
.
Carl Woese
Carl Richard Woese (; July 15, 1928 – December 30, 2012) was an American microbiologist and biophysicist. Woese is famous for defining the Archaea (a new domain of life) in 1977 through a pioneering phylogenetic taxonomy of 16S ribosomal RNA, ...
and
Otto Kandler
Otto Kandler (23 October 1920 in Deggendorf – 29 August 2017 in Munich, Bavaria)
was a German botanist and microbiologist. Until his retirement in 1986 he was professor of botany at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
His most importa ...
with Wheelis wrote the important
paper
Paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, rags, grasses or other vegetable sources in water, draining the water through fine mesh leaving the fibre evenly distrib ...
''
Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya'' that proposed a change from the
Two-empire system
The two-empire system (two-superkingdom system) was the top-level biological classification system in general use before the establishment of the three-domain system. It classified cellular life into Prokaryota and Eukaryota as either "empires" or ...
of
Prokaryotes and
Eukaryotes to the
Three-domain system
The three-domain system is a biological classification introduced by Carl Woese, Otto Kandler, and Mark Wheelis in 1990 that divides cellular life forms into three domains, namely Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota or Eukarya. The key difference ...
of the
domains Eukaryota,
Bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometr ...
and
Archaea.
Wheelis's research interests include the history of
biological warfare
Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, insects, and fungi with the intent to kill, harm or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war. ...
.
He co-authored (with
Larry Gonick) ''The Cartoon Guide to Genetics'' (1983). Wheelis provided the scientific knowledge and text, while Gonick contributed the illustrations and humor.
[Larry Gonick & Mark Wheelis, ''The Cartoon Guide to Genetics'', Longman Higher Education, 1983, 216 pp. .]
Works
*Larry Gonick & Mark Wheelis, ''The Cartoon Guide to Genetics'', Longman Higher Education, 1983, 216 pp.
*"Biological Warfare before 1914", In: Geissler E, Moon JEvC, editors. ''Biological and toxin weapons: research, development and use from the Middle Ages to 1945''. London: Oxford University Press; 1999. pp 8–34.
References
External links
*
Living people
American microbiologists
Year of birth missing (living people)
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