Marine Isotope Stage 13 or MIS 13 is a

Marine isotope stage Marine isotope stages (MIS), marine oxygen-isotope stages, or oxygen isotope stages (OIS), are alternating warm and cool periods in the Earth's paleoclimate, deduced from oxygen isotope data reflecting changes in temperature derived from data f ...

in the geologic temperature record, in Britain covering the

Cromerian interglacial The Cromerian Stage or Cromerian Complex, also called the Cromerian (german: Cromerium), is a stage in the Pleistocene glacial history of north-western Europe, mostly occurring more than half a million years ago. It is named after the East Anglian t ...

period between ~524,000 and 474,000 years ago. It is split into three substages, MIS 13a MIS 13b, and MIS 13c. Some records indicate that MIS 13a was an unstable warm peak with a cold split in the middle at MIS 13.12 - separating warm MIS 13.11 and 13.13. This interglacial follows the relatively warm glacial period associated with

Marine Isotope Stage 14 Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

, and is followed by the relatively cold glacial period associated with MIS 12.

Sites

Britain High Lodge, Suffolk Waverley Wood, Warwickshire Happisburgh 1, Norfolk Boxgrove, West Sussex

Ecology

Flora

Early domination of birch, pine, and spruce. Mixed-oak forests follow (predominantly Alder, Oak, Hornbeam, and Hazel).

Fauna

Mammals

References

MIS 13 Glaciology Paleoclimatology Paleogeography Paleoceanography Interglacials {{glaciology-stub